HAL Collection UNC (Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie)
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Climatic a priori information for the GEV distribution’s shape parameter of annual maximum flow series
No full textInternational audienc
Wiggle and glide: fine-scale telemetry reveals unique diving strategies in benthic-foraging sea snakes
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Background The efficient acquisition of two critical but spatially separated resources –food and oxygen– governs the daily movements and diving patterns of air-breathing aquatic animals. Unlike pinnipeds, turtles and seabirds, fully marine (‘true’) sea snakes spend their entire lifecycle at sea and have evolved specialised movement behaviours. However, fine-scale data on the diving behaviour of free-ranging sea snakes remain scarce, limiting our understanding of their ecology and vulnerability to anthropogenic threats. Methods We used acoustic telemetry to track five individuals of two benthic-foraging sea snake species ( Hydrophis stokesii , H. major ) in Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia, and Baie des Citrons, New Caledonia. Each snake was continuously tracked using a directional hydrophone for up to 18 h, generating high-resolution, three-dimensional dive paths. After filtering, we analysed 106 dives from 46 h of tracking. Results Sea snakes primarily conducted U- and S-shaped dives and spent on average 97.2% of their time submerged. Most U-shaped dives were characterised by limited vertical and horizontal movement. S-shaped dives were more complex, with variable time on the seafloor and occasionally interrupted gradual ascents. Dive duration was positively correlated with post-dive surface interval, while depth and duration of the gradual ascent phase were influenced by environmental depth. We also identified distinctive, repetitive undulations (‘wiggles’) in the depth profiles of several dives completed by all three tracked H. stokesii . Conclusions These high-resolution data provide the first insights into the fine-scale diving patterns of benthic-foraging sea snakes. Like surface-foraging species, they appear to regulate air intake based on environmental depth and may be neutrally buoyant in the gradual ascent phase of S-shaped dives. We hypothesise that this phase facilitates efficient horizontal travel, despite potential increases in predation risk. The ‘wiggles’ observed in H. stokesii may have a functional role in buoyancy control, energy conservation, or foraging. Our study contributes to a deeper understanding of sea snake diving strategies, with implications for their ecology, physiology, and conservation
Systemic hypoxia appears to attenuate autophagy in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells during repeated sprint exercises
No full textInternational audienceThis research investigated the modulation of autophagy and protein synthesis markers in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of moderately trained men following repeated sprint exercises (RSE) performed under hypoxia (HYP, 13% FIO2), with bilateral blood flow restriction (BFR, 45% of resting arterial occlusive pressure), or normoxia. Using a crossover design, participants completed three sets of five 10-s sprints under each condition. mRNA and protein levels were assessed using qPCR and Western immunoblotting. Exercise significantly increased the microtubule-associated light chain 3B (LC3B)-II/I ratio (p < 0.001, dz = 0.58), with the effect being more pronounced in NOR (p = 0.011, dz = 0.81). Conversely, p62 protein levels were unchanged (p > 0.05). However, a tendency towards a reduced LC3B-II/I ratio was observed in HYP (p = 0.056, dz = 0.34) but not in BFR. No significant effects of exercise or conditions were found for mRNA expression of Atg4B, Beclin, and HIF1-α. Exercise increased the phosphorylation of rpS6 (p < 0.001, dz = 0.96), while the phosphorylation of p70S6K and 4E-BP1 remained unchanged (p > 0.05). These findings demonstrate, for the first time, that a 5 × 10-s RSE protocol induces the early stages of autophagy in PBMCs, whereas hypoxia tended to attenuate this effect. However, the effects on protein synthesis markers were heterogeneous, without influence of HYP and BFR
La historia debe mirarse en los ojos del mestizaje: el ejemplo de La Réunion (océano Índico)
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Diffamation : qualité de personne visée en cas d'imputations allusives ou déguisées: Crim. 14 oct. 2025, n<sup>o</sup> 24-86.603
No full textInternational audienceIl se déduit de l’article 29, alinéa 1er, de la loi du 29 juillet 1881 sur la liberté de la presse que, lorsque les imputations ont été formulées sous une forme allusive ou déguisée de manière à faire planer le soupçon sur plusieurs personnes, chacune de celles-ci a qualité pour agir en diffamation
Addressing data imbalance in urban informal settlement mapping from earth observation using ensemble learning: A case study in Rio de Janeiro
No full textInternational audienceInformal settlements pose major challenges for public health, infrastructure, and urban planning due to their high density and unregulated growth. Remote sensing has emerged as a key tool for mapping these areas, but strong class imbalance -where informal settlements represent a small fraction of urban land -remains a critical barrier. Existing methods often rely on simple undersampling, discarding valuable training data from formal residential zones. We propose BALISE, a novel ensemble learning approach that leverages the full extent of available data to improve informal settlement detection from remote sensing. Our framework combines Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery and the Copernicus Digital Elevation Model with auxiliary features derived from OpenStreetMap. We evaluate our method on a use case in Rio de Janeiro, using a spatial crossvalidation strategy that rigorously tests generalization across five different urban zones. BALISE improves both F1-score and Kappa coefficient by approximately 2 points over standard undersampling, offering a robust and transferable tool for remote sensing-based urban analysis in fragmented and socially complex environments.</div
Variation of vegetation cover and the relationship with land surface temperature across Thailand (2007 to 2022)
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding vegetation-climate interactions is essential amid escalating global climate change. This study investigates spatial-temporal and seasonal variations in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across six regions of Thailand (2007-2022). Results reveal distinct regional and seasonal characteristics, with significant negative correlations between LST and NDVI (R = 0.61 dry; 0.39 rainy; 0.72 winter). The strongest negative correlation occurred during the rainy season in 2017, highlighting complex interannual variations. Seasonal LST fluctuations (winter-summer: 1.24, winter-rainy: -1.54, summer-rainy: -2.78, p < 0.001) and NDVI variations (winter-summer: 0.09, winter-rainy: 0.07, summer-rainy: -0.03, p < 0.001) were statistically significant. These findings emphasize monitoring LST and NDVI as vital for understanding ecological impacts of climate change and urbanization. The study specifically explores whether increased vegetation consistently is associated with lower temperatures, underscoring the importance of strategies to mitigate heat and enhance climate resilience, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions
How Do Actors Perceive Power Sharing and the Inclusion of Citizens in the Decision-Making Process in New Caledonia?
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Global tracking of marine megafauna space use reveals how to achieve conservation targets
No full textInternational audienceThe recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of highly mobile marine megafauna, showing that 63% of the area that they cover is used 80% of the time as important migratory corridors or residence areas. The GBF 30% threshold (Target 3) will be insufficient for marine megafauna’s effective conservation, leaving important areas exposed to major anthropogenic threats. Coupling area protection with mitigation strategies (e.g., fishing regulation, wildlife-traffic separation) will be essential to reach international goals and conserve biodiversity
