HAL Collection UNC (Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie)
Not a member yet
7579 research outputs found
Sort by
Principes de formation robustes et Éducation Physique de Qualité. Illustration pour la formation initiale des professeurs d’EPS à l’INSPE de Normandie Caen
No full textInternational audienceThe term quality Physical Education updates and synthesizes the educational, health and societal issues considered essential for physical education and sport in the contemporary world. This expression, which has been mobilized within UNESCO, thus challenges PE teacher training, and specifically in France, PE teachers. This text contributes to an epistemological approach to the initial training of PE teachers. It aims to highlight some principles for the training of students in quality physical and sports education. These principles are described as robust because they aim to form long-term guidelines that transcend the contemporary "curricular fluctuations" of the French teacher training system. Two of them are more specifically formalized and examined here: creating a model that accommodates the complexity and controversies relating to the teacher’s activity; making students’ experience and bodily practice a training modality. These principles having explicitly praxeological aims, they are exemplified here within the framework of a training course in Master MEEF at the INSPE of Normandy Caen.Le terme d’Éducation Physique de qualité réactualise et synthétise les enjeux éducatifs, sanitaires et sociétaux considérés comme essentiels pour l’Éducation Physique et le sport dans le monde contemporain. Cette expression, mobilisée au sein de l’UNESCO, interpelle ainsi les formations d’enseignants d’EP et spécifiquement en France, les enseignants d’EPS. Le présent texte est contributif à une approche épistémologique de la formation initiale des enseignants d’EPS. Il ambitionne de mettre en évidence quelques principes pour la formation des étudiantes et des étudiants à une Éducation Physique et sportive de qualité. Ces principes sont qualifiés de robustes puisqu’ils visent à former des lignes directrices à long terme qui transcendent les « fluctuations curriculaires » contemporaines du système de formation des enseignants français. Deux d’entre eux sont plus spécifiquement formalisés et examinés ici : faire exister un modèle qui accueille la complexité et les controverses relatives à l’activité du professeur ; faire de l’expérience et de la pratique corporelle des étudiants une modalité de formation. Ces principes ayant des visées explicitement praxéologiques, ils sont exemplifiés ici dans le cadre d’un parcours de formation en Master MEEF à l’INSPE de Normandie Caen
Optimal ANOVA-based emulators of models with(out) derivatives
No full textThis paper proposes new ANOVA-based approximations of functions and emulators of high-dimensional models using either available derivatives or local stochastic evaluations of such models. Our approach makes use of sensitivity indices to design adequate structures of emulators. For high-dimensional models with available derivatives, our derivative-based emulators reach dimension-free mean squared errors (MSEs) and parametric rate of convergence (i.e., O(N -1 )). This approach is extended to cope with every model (without available derivatives) by deriving global emulators that account for the local properties of models or simulators. Such generic emulators enjoy dimension-free biases, parametric rates of convergence and MSEs that depend on the dimensionality. Dimension-free MSEs are obtained for highdimensional models with particular inputs' distributions. Our emulators are also competitive in dealing with dierent distributions of the input variables and for selecting inputs and interactions. Simulations show the eciency of our approach.</div
Elasmobranch species richness and assemblage composition in the world’s largest shark sanctuary
No full textInternational audienceIndo-Pacific coral reefs host diverse assemblages of elasmobranchs from small-bodied mesopredators to apex predators that may vary in the amount of time they spend on reefs. Reef sharks and rays as a group are threatened by human activities and are facing widespread population declines, primarily due to fishing. These human factors may affect not only elasmobranch abundance, but also their assemblage composition. Thus, a better understanding of the factors associated with differences in species-specific abundances and assemblage structure across multiple spatial scales in relatively undisturbed systems could enhance the conservation of shark and ray populations on reefs generally. Here, we used baited remote underwater video stations to examine species richness and assemblage composition of elasmobranchs across forereefs in French Polynesia, the world’s largest shark sanctuary. Boosted regression tree models revealed that island group, latitude, and island geomorphology had the greatest effect on elasmobranch species richness. Assemblages at most islands were dominated by blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanop terus and grey reef sharks C. amblyrhynchos , while rays were generally rare, although there was significant spatial variation in elasmobranch assemblage composition. This variation was not associated with human factors, and appears to reflect species interactions and species-specific responses to environmental variation. Further studies on species interactions (facilitation, competition, and predation) among elasmobranchs will provide a better functional understanding of drivers of elasmobranch species composition on individual coral reefs
Barriers and facilitators of physical activity among adolescents in the multicultural context of New Caledonia
No full textInternational audienc
« Nouvelle-Calédonie, nouvelles fractures », Emission Interception, FranceInter, RadioFrance
No full textMixMAS: A Framework for Sampling-Based Mixer Architecture Search for Multimodal Fusion and Learning
No full textChoosing a suitable deep learning architecture for multimodal data fusion is a challenging task, as it requires the effective integration and processing of diverse data types, each with distinct structures and characteristics. In this paper, we introduce MixMAS, a novel framework for sampling-based mixer architecture search tailored to multimodal learning. Our approach automatically selects the optimal MLP-based architecture for a given multimodal machine learning (MML) task. Specifically, MixMAS utilizes a sampling-based micro-benchmarking strategy to explore various combinations of modality-specific encoders, fusion functions, and fusion networks, systematically identifying the architecture that best meets the task's performance metrics
Geochemical constraints on subduction-related mantle metasomatism of the Tiébaghi ophiolitic lherzolite in New Caledonia
No full textInternational audienceThe geochemical evolution of mantle peridotite during subduction initiation (SI) remains an issue in geosciences. This study presents geochemical and Ca isotopic data for Tiébaghi lherzolites from the New Caledonia ophiolite to constrain their petrogenesis and the nature of melt-rock interaction during the nascent stage of subduction. Petrographic and geochemical analyses reveal that the Tiébaghi lherzolites are characterized by olivine with Fo contents of 89.5-90.7, high-Al Spinel (Cr# = 45.1-50.9; Al 2 O 3 = 24.99-29.29 wt%), orthopyroxene with high CaO (0.87-2.47 wt%) and Al 2 O 3 (2.19-4.91 wt%) coupled with relatively low Mg# (89.4-91.3), and clinopyroxene with high Al 2 O 3 (2.72-6.44 wt%) and relatively low Mg# (90.4-92.5). Lherzolites from northwestern New Caledonia are thought to have escaped the suprasubduction re-melting, resulting in the formation of the highly depleted harzburgites that form the bulk of the ophiolite. They display a restricted range of δ 44/40 Ca values (0.75-0.93 ‰), which are lower than the proposed δ 44/40 Ca value of Earth's upper mantle. This isotopic signature is interpreted to reflect interaction with a low δ 44/40 Ca metasomatic agent, possibly a carbonate-rich melt derived from the subducting slab. These findings suggest that the Tiébaghi lherzolites preserve a geochemical record of the early stages of melt-rock interaction during subduction initiation, emphasizing the role of carbonate melt metasomatism in altering the composition of the nascent mantle wedge.</div
L'équipement informatique des familles calédoniennes et les usages des écrans des adolescents de 11 à 15 ans
No full textSynthèse visuelle des données relatives à l'équipement digital et à l'usage des écrans chez les adolescents vivant en Nouvelle-Calédonie et âgés de 11 à 15 ans. Les données ont été obtenues dans le cadre du projet scientifique : Cultures et comportements alimentaires de la jeunesse dans les pays francophones du Pacifique au XXIème siècle : exemple de la Nouvelle-CalédonieVisual summary of data on digital equipment and screen use among teenagers aged 11 to 15 living in New Caledonia. The data was obtained as part of the scientific project : "Cultures et comportements alimentaires de la jeunesse dans les pays francophones du Pacifique au XXIème siècle : exemple de la Nouvelle-Calédonie" [Eng: "Eating cultures and behaviors of young people in French-speaking Pacific countries in the 21st century: the example of New Caledonia"]Synthèse visuelle des données relatives à l'équipement digital et à l'usage des écrans chez les adolescents vivant en Nouvelle-Calédonie et âgés de 11 à 15 ans. Les données ont été obtenues dans le cadre du projet scientifique : "Cultures et comportements alimentaires de la jeunesse dans les pays francophones du Pacifique au XXIème siècle : exemple de la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Daily Runoff Forecasting with Global Rainfall Products in Algeria
No full textInternational audienceRainfall–runoff models are crucial tools for managing water resources. The absence of reliable rainfall data in many regions of the world is a major limitation for these models, notably in many African countries, although some recent global rainfall products can effectively monitor rainfall from space. In Algeria, to identify a relevant modeling approach using this new source of rainfall information, the present research aims to (i) compare a conceptual model (GR4J) and seven machine learning algorithms (FFNN, ELM, LSTM, LSTM2, GRU, SVM, and GPR) and (ii) compare different types of precipitation inputs, including four satellite products (CHIRPS, SM2RAIN, GPM, and PERSIANN), one reanalysis product (ERA5), and observed precipitation, to assess which combination of models and precipitation data provides the optimal performance for river discharge simulation. The results show that the ELM, FFNN, and LSTM algorithms give the best performance (NSE > 0.6) for river runoff simulation and provide reliable alternatives compared to a conceptual hydrological model. The SM2RAIN-ASCAT and ERA5 rainfall products are as efficient as observed precipitation in this data-scarce context. Consequently, this work is the first step towards the implementation of these tools for the operational monitoring of surface water resources in Algeria