Institutional Repository (UniKL IR) (Univ. Kuala Lumpur)
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FEATURE-BASED MACHINING USING MACRO
No full textThis thesis presents a research work on the implementation of feature-based machining via macro programming technique. A part of new machining system based on STEP-NC requirement called Intelligent Machining System (IMS) was developed by using macros. An initial IMS component comprises of a main program and nine macros allows user to select features and define their important geometrical parameters. The output from this session will be used to generate a new part program. From the experiments carried out to verify the performance of the system, it was proven that the IMS is able to machine sveral features namely planar, hole and pocket accurately and it was found that its uses at least 20 times less memory compared to CAM generated part program. The system generates a human readable part program and more importantly, it has the ability to record and save any modifications such as feedrate or spindle rpm made by the user. Premachining setup time and production cost are reduced by using this system in industry
Treatment of Natural Rubber Skim Latex Using Ultrafiltration Process with PVDF-TiO2 Mixed-Matrix Membranes
No full textThis article is index by ScopusNatural rubber skim latex is commonly discarded as waste or turned into skim natural rubber products such as skim crepe and skim blocks. It is challenging to retrieve all residual rubbers in skim latex since it has a very low rubber content and many non-rubber components like protein. Manufacturers conventionally utilize concentrated sulfuric acid as a coagulant. This method generates many effluents and hazardous pollutants that negatively impact the environment. This work presents an innovative method for enhancing the skim latex's value by employing an ultrafiltration membrane. This study aims to establish a hydrophilic PVDF-TiO2 mixed-matrix membrane. The skim latex was processed through a membrane-based ultrafiltration process, which yielded two products: skim latex concentrate and skim serum. Skim latex deposits that cause fouling on the membrane surface can be identified by SEM-EDX and FTIR analysis. The PVDF-PVP-TiO2 mixed-matrix membrane generated the maximum skim serum flux of 12.72 L/m2h in contrast to the PVDF pure membranes, which showed a lower flux of 8.14 L/m2h. CHNS analysis shows that a greater amount of nitrogen, which is indicative of the protein composition, was successfully extracted by the membrane separation process. These particles may adhere to the membrane surface during filtration, obstructing or decreasing the number of fluid flow channels. The deposition reduces the effective size of membrane pores, leading to a decline in flux rate…see more