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Business Process Anomaly Detection and Root Cause Analysis Using BLSTM-VAE With Attention
Full text linkDetecting anomalous executions in business process data is crucial for safeguarding the efficiency and success of an organization. Unsupervised approaches are commonly used for business process anomaly detection because of the scarcity of labeled anomaly data. However, these approaches often encounter a notable decline in performance because they lack prior knowledge about the anomalies. Additionally, most of them do not perform root cause analysis on the detected anomalies. This study proposes a variational autoencoder-based approach to overcome the performance limitations of existing unsupervised methods and determine the root causes of the detected anomalies. The learning of the variational autoencoder from unlabeled business process data is enhanced in the proposed approach by leveraging different architectural components, namely, the entity embedding technique, the bidirectional long short-term memory network, and the self-attention mechanism. Combining these architectural components in the variational autoencoder architecture leads to learning high-level representations from the business process data and thus improving the reconstruction capability of the variational autoencoder. Furthermore, this study suggests feeding the reconstruction error provided by the variational autoencoder into the logistic regression classifier to improve the accuracy of anomaly detection. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated on real-life and synthetic datasets. The experimental findings indicate that the proposed model outperforms six existing anomaly detection models in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score metrics
Immersive Engineering Learning and Workforce Development: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge Acquisition in a CAVE
Full text linkThis study provides insight into the use of virtual reality (VR) to enhance engineering curriculums and develop engineering students’ computational thinking (CT) levels at Historically Black College and Universities (HBCUs). The sample population for this research includes students enrolled in a first-year engineering course at an HBCU. To support the students’ education in cybersecurity additive manufacturing, virtual reality was used to simulate classroom teaching and assignments. Participants in this study were first taught using the traditional method that allowed them passive viewing of images and videos of objects and spaces. The participants were later taught the same lessons in a Computer Automated Virtual Environment (CAVE) where they could further explore the images and space, they were taught in the traditional class setting. Within the immersive virtual environment, students were observed as they virtually manipulated objects and learned in the CAVE. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized in this study. Factor Analysis (FA) was used to assess the validity of using CT scales in an HBCU environment, and to help investigate the impact of immersive technology on participants CT skill levels. The results of the FA aligned with previous research findings and provided the research team with a more refined set of CT scales for use in an HBCU environment. Semi-structured student interviews were used to gain insight into students’ perceptions and attitudes toward the incorporation of VR into an engineering curriculum, and to further explore the relationship between VR fidelity and scalability of a model that could be used across engineering curriculums. The results of the interviews provided an additional significant degree of validation that the CT scales are suitable to assess engineering students CT skill levels at HBCUs, and that immersive technology such as the CAVE could improve engineering students’ ability to train and compete. Furthermore, students exhibited excitement and an eagerness to do more in the CAVE environmen
Block Copolymer Formation and Synthesis of Fingerprint-Patterned AZO Nanowires for Sensor Applications
Full text linkThe study focuses on utilization of block copolymer (BCPs) as template for selective infiltration of AZO precursors. BCPs consist of chemically distinct polymer blocks that are self-assembled into well-defined domains with different morphologies. Vapor phase infiltration (VPI) provides a controlled approach for synthesizing fingerprint-patterned AZO nanowires, offering advantages in terms of conformal coating, vertical alignment, precursor control, scalability, and compatibility with atomic layer deposition (ALD) platforms making it suitable for different applications. The aim of this research is to fabricate nanostructured materials with controlled compositions and patterns which have applications in optoelectronic, sensing, surface engineering, and high-resolution imaging systems. The self-assembled structure of AZO nanowires resemble human fingerprints and exhibits a unique combination of intricate patterns, replication accuracy, large-scale reproducibility, enhanced surface area, and tailored optoelectronic properties. BCP and self-assembly allows for the accurate replication of the fingerprint pattern onto the nanowire arrays. The results demonstrate successful replication of fingerprint patterns of the AZO nanowires. Hence, based on these performance characteristics, this developed approach of fingerprint-patterned AZO nanowires represents a significant advancement in technology and hold potential for revolutionizing various fields, from security systems to sensor technologies, driving innovation in the realm of nanotechnology
All of Us: Diversity in Research
No full textDiversity in research is important. Learn how understanding the health information of people from all backgrounds is central to @AllofUsResearch.https://digitalcommons.subr.edu/su_allofus/1001/thumbnail.jp
Investigating the Ecological Effects of Agricultural Assistance Schemes in California’s Central Valley Area
Full text linkAmidst ongoing changes in the farm sector, the disbursement of farm aid, continues to improve the welfare of growers involved in agricultural activities within the South-Central region of California. Aside from its role as a vital tool meant to maintain the delivery of government assisted farm programming directed at the needy. In the last several decades in the country, the disbursement of federal agricultural assisted programs has risen enormously in line with commitments geared at accelerating the productive capacity of farms considered eligible. With the financial packages earmarked for agri-business tied to few commodities (cotton, corn, rice, wheat), as well as natural disaster payments, and conservation reserve program. The listing of fruits, vegetables, and dairy items indispensable to healthy life seems relegated to the background in a setting mostly beneficial to corporate farms. In the process, the adjoining sensitive ecosystems in California’s South Central saw risk exposures from the widespread treatment of farms and with agro-chemicals encompassing various volumes of insecticides and nutrients to optimize output. Despite the recurring environmental consequences of farm aid, quite little is known of the dangers in the South-Central region of California using up-to-date geospatial tools as analytical devices. This enquiry will fill that gap by evaluating the ecological effects of farm assistance in the study area with emphasis on issues, trends, impacts, and the inherent factors. Utilizing secondary data handled by mix scale methods of descriptive statistics connected to Geographic information Systems (GIS). The results show extensive payout in subsidy from 1995-2020 for commodities, disaster payments, conservation, together with land use changes, loss of farms and irrigated areas, rising use of chemicals (fertilizers and insecticides) and impacts. In as much as GIS mappings pinpointed spatial diffusion of the patterns over the periods evident in several spots in the eight counties, some of the emergent concerns remain linked to socio-economic, ecological, policy and global factors situated within the larger agricultural structure. For remedy, the paper proffered solutions ranging from consistent policy to the design of environmental information system and monitoring
Agricultural Innovation and Health Risks: The Role of Carbon Nanotubes.
Full text linkCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a revolutionary tool in agriculture with the potential to boost crop yields, improve resource management, and promote sustainable farming practices. They excel in soil remediation, helping restore contaminated lands, and enable real-time monitoring of soil conditions, plant health, and environmental parameters. However, concerns have arisen about CNT exposure for agricultural workers due to their large surface area and pollutant-binding capabilities. Functionalizing CNTs with chemical groups like carboxyl or amine can alter their properties. Nevertheless, reports suggest heightened sensitivities to allergens, smoke, or pollutants in the presence of CNTs. To address these concerns, preliminary studies were conducted using lung alveolar epithelial cells (A549) exposed to both pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The results indicated increased production of cytokines/chemokines, elevated expression of the NF-κB transcription factor, and prominent autophagy markers in A549 cells exposed to MWCNTs. In-silico studies further revealed enhanced binding between CNTs and inflammatory proteins, exacerbating the response to environmental pollutants like diesel particulate emissions (DPE). These findings highlight health risks associated with CNT exposure and their role in intensifying reactions to environmental pollutants. As the agricultural sector embraces CNTs, it is crucial to conduct continued research to comprehensively understand their toxic and inflammatory effects and mitigate negative consequences on the health and well-being of farmers
Empowering Nursing Students: The Instruct Advantage in Information Literacy-A LibGuide Approach
Full text linkThis poster presentation aims to unveil the impact of Credo Instruct Information Literacy Modules within a course LibGuide and its impact on undergraduate nursing students\u27 research skills. In nursing education, the strategic integration of Credo Instruct Modules and LibGuides emerges as a guiding light, ushering undergraduate nursing students toward mastery of information and digital literacy skills in a self-paced learning environment. This poster sheds light on the impact of aligning student learning objectives with Instruct modules, creating a clear pathway for undergraduate nursing students to excel academically beyond the traditional one-shot information literacy instruction session. The Credo Instruct Modules align with ACRL standards, SCONUL 7 pillars, ANZIIL standards, and the AAC&U Information Literacy Rubric and establish foundational research competencies needed for student research skills. A course-specific LibGuide, enriched with learning modules, empowers nursing students to access specialized nursing library resources aligned with specific learning objectives from one location. This dynamic fusion ensures students acquire the expertise needed to thrive in the information-intensive healthcare landscape and empowers the librarian to evaluate student learning outcomes through the Credo Insights Analytical Tool.Key Takeaways:This presentation highlights the transformative impact of integrating Credo Instruct Modules within LibGuides on undergraduate nursing students\u27 research skills, providing a comprehensive and self-paced approach to information literacy education that aligns with established standards and facilitates academic success. Learning Objectives: Understand the responsibilities and strategies employed by Subject Liaisons to enhance students\u27 information literacy skills beyond traditional instruction sessions. Recognize the value and utility of library resources in supporting academic success and professional development in nursing. Gain insight into the evolving role of Subject Liaisons in academic libraries and their impact on student learning outcomes
“Exploring the Involvement of SUMO-1 Proteins in Diesel Particulate-Induced Activation of Inflammasomes and Extracellular Release of Inflammasome Components in Lung Epithelial Cells”.
Full text linkDiesel particulate matter (DPM) is a form of human-made air pollution generated during the combustion process of heavy-duty diesel engines in various industrial sectors like agriculture, construction, maritime, and mining. Exposure to diesel particulate extract (DPE) in the workplace has been linked to inflammation and various lung diseases. Recent research has indicated that a reversible chemical modification process called SUMOylation, induced by SUMO-1, may play a crucial role in activating the inflammasome and causing programmed cell death (apoptosis)/Pyroptosis. However, the precise connection between DPE-induced SUMOylation and the activation of the inflammasome, apoptosis/pyroptosis remains unclear. To explore this further, experiments were conducted on human alveolar epithelial cells (A549), which exhibit characteristics like alveolar type II cells. Notably, exposure to DPE increased the mRNA levels of SUMO conjugating proteins (SUMO1, SUMO2/3), components of the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, CASP1), and pro-apoptotic genes, including initiator caspases (CASP8, CASP9) and executioner caspases (CASP3), in A549 cells. Interestingly, when SUMO1 was silenced using siRNA in DPE-exposed A549 cells, the expression of NLRP3, CASP1, and CASP3 was restored, suggesting that SUMO1 may play a role in activating NLRP3 and CASP3. Additionally, the release of inflammasomes into the extracellular space was detected upon cell death. Further investigations using both in vitro and in silico methods are currently ongoing to gain a more comprehensive understanding of these molecular mechanisms
Exploring Shifts in Yam Production Trends Along Nigeria’s Southern Region
Full text linkYam as a staple commodity in Nigeria, remains generally grown in different places within the ecological zones and food hubs in the nation. Notwithstanding all that, being integral part of the nation’s food security in a setting where Nigeria ranks high as the largest producer globally. Still, yam continues to find ample use with essential role for numerous purposes. Classified as an important food crop, the use of yam runs deeper, given its high demands for religious, socio-cultural practices, the economy, industries, and the marketplace. Even at that and considering the vast presence of yams over large swaths of land across the West African region from Ivory Coast to Nigeria. The ecological surroundings in Nigeria’s Lower South zone, contains the critical bio-geoclimatic indicators and microclimate fueling recurrent surge in output. Accordingly, yam crops as revenue generator, employer of work force, and calorie source indispensable to the country and regional menu, occupies essential spot in the popular imagination. This is so, because the tenure and farming of yam carry cultural and social connotations in the lower South region. Even though people see yam as mostly a key source of carbohydrates, existing varieties contain protein as well. The international dominance of Nigeria compared to competitors in the marketplace is quite clear in terms of output and cultivated land areas. As such, within the industry, existing data pertaining to activities therein over the past years affirm record growth and shifts in various land use indices. Accordingly, the study area has seen prevalent applications of agrochemicals, price increments, widespread risks to the surrounding ecosystem, and degradation as well as price uncertainty in transactions. This irony is made worse by the current leakages in policy regarding production capacity in the zone amidst mounting issues, initiatives towards mitigation and productivity. There are also knowledge voids on the actual dispersal forms vital for effective management in the agricultural sector amongst factors situated in the larger regional farm structure. Consequently, this study will fill that void in research by analyzing the state of yam land use in Nigeria’s Lower South zone with focus on the issues, trends, impacts, factors, efforts, and future lines of action. From the analysis, the results point to changes in the form of gains and declines in various yam land use indicators and dangers to the adjourning ecosystem. Also, GIS mappings detected dispersal of trends in space where production and land use changes and fertilizer stayed steady. With variations linked to many socio-economic, and physical forces, the study offered remedies stretching from education to the design of regional yam land resource information system
Everyone Brings Something to the Table: A Culturally Sustaining Analysis of Teacher Candidates’ Mixed Reality Teaching Simulations
No full textDiscussions of HBCU students’ content knowledge have centered around developing high impact, asset-based approaches to learning (Williams et al, 2022). So, HBCU teacher preparation providers (TPPs) can also focus efforts on culturally sustaining approaches to developing candidates’ content knowledge and researching how high impact practices, like teaching simulations, can help prepare candidates for classrooms. This exploratory case study uses critical cases (n=2); findings suggest candidates have a developing understanding of content, which forms a solid basis for increasing their knowledge. MRTSs are addressed as a potential high impact, culturally sustaining practice for building candidates’ content knowledge. Further, HBCU TPPs can take more comprehensive approaches evaluating content knowledge and incorporating longitudinal studies to track candidates from program entry to graduation and into the teaching profession. HBCU TPPs are the focus of this study, but the implications may be useful for any TPP desiring to improve candidates’ academic and professional outcomes