International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology (IJKCDT)
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Comparison between Possibilistic c-Means (PCM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Classification Algorithms in Land use/ Land cover Classification
Get PDFThe ability of the human brain and eye to recognize features can be modelled using the artificial neural network (ANN). The neurons are trained to recognize individual pixels and cluster them correctly in their respective classes. This is a very complex process especially when a multi-layer hierarchical system is used. A well trained ANN however, is capable of performing classification better than a human being since it is devoid of subjectivity and human error. In this research, the output of an artificial neural network algorithm was compared with the Possibilistic c-Means an improvement of the fuzzy c-Means- on both moderate resolution Landsat8 and a high resolution Formosat2 images. The Formosat2 image comes with an 8m spectral resolution on the multispectral data. This multispectral image data was resampled to 10m in order to maintain a uniform ratio of 1:3 against Landsat8 image. Six classes were chosen for analysis including: Dense forest, eucalyptus, water, grassland, wheat and riverine sand. Using a standard false color composite (FCC), the six features reflected differently in the infrared region with wheat producing the brightest pixel values. Signature collection per class was therefore easily obtained for all classifications. The output of both ANN and FCM, were analyzed separately for accuracy and an error matrix generated to assess the quality and accuracy of the classification algorithms.URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/09912/09912.pd
Online Health Search Experience: Sentiments from South East Asia
Get PDFOnline health information searching is a popular activity performed on the Internet. Research studies from developed countries provide information on the type of person who performs the search, source used, type of search performed and devices used to perform the search. However, the same cannot be said about the online health information searching scene in South East Asia. Online health information searching is gaining popularity in South East Asia. Citizens in these countries are turning to the Internet to obtain health information quickly. Current research studies pertaining to online health information searching in South East Asian is limited, particularly relating to search experience of South East Asian health searchers. Search experience is pertinent as it could deter or encourage the possibility of conducting future health searches. In this research study, we conducted a user study to describe the online search experience of South East Asian health searchers. We conducted a face to face interview with 50 participants. The interview was audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results indicate participants experience positive and negative search experience. In some cases, post search outcomes influenced the search experience. Results of this research study contribute to the growing domain of knowledge in relation to online health information searching. It also provides an understanding pertaining to the search experience of South East Asian online health searchers. URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/08902/08902.pd
Scholarly Reputation Building: How does ResearchGate Fare?
Get PDFResearchGate, with its 8 million members, is the talk of the scholarly world and this is mainly because it is muscling in on traditional scholarly publishers’ territory, most notably, by delivering scholarly reputation in a big way. Using a conceptual framework of the tasks and activities that comprise today’s digital scholarly undertaking and their potentially reputation building, maintaining and enhancing components ResearchGate’s efforts in supporting scholars’ reputation building endeavours are comprehensively assessed. Not unexpectedly, RG performs well in regard to the scholarships of research and integration. Clearly, too, RG is in a league of its own when it comes to monitoring individual and institutional reputation. Where RG falls down is in informing members as to the nature and changes to its service and embracing new actors, such as citizen scientists and amateur experts.URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/08903/08903.pd
Role of Database Management Systems in Selected Engineering Institutions of Andhra Pradesh: An Analytical Survey
Get PDFThis paper aims to analyze the function of database management systemsfrom the perspective of librarians working in engineering institutionsin Andhra Pradesh. Ninety-eight librarians from one hundred thirty engineeringinstitutions participated in the study. The paper reveals thattraining by computer suppliers and software packages are the significantmode of acquiring DBMS skills by librarians; three-fourths of the librariansare postgraduate degree holders. Most colleges use databaseapplications for automation purposes and content value. Electrical problemsand untrained staff seem to be major constraints faced by respondentsfor managing library databases.URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/06465/06465.pd
Foundations of Library and Information Science, 4thed.
Get PDFOver the last century the Library and Information Science (LIS) discipline has developed It isso much so that the textbook writers writing on its specialized areas such as knowledge organization,digital libraries, library effectiveness or library users, to name a few. as though hardly anyone isinterested, even competent, a general or sufficiently advanced textbook covering the entire field1.eneralists in the LIS field have become specialists Therefore, this book is welcome. The fact thatit is in its fourth edition (earlier editions were published in 2000, 2004 and by Neal-Schuman,USA) sufficiently indicates its continuing value and acceptance by the profession at large. Thebook has been published by two outstanding publishers, namely Facet, London and the AmericanLibrary Association which endows it with a brand value and much authenticity.This rather voluminous text has been contained in ten logically ordered chapters, starting frombroader aspects of a library and its social and intellectual environment, and going on to the muchmore specialized but multidisciplinary topics of information policies and intellectual freedom. Inaddition, there are four appendices describing major library and information science associationsin the USA and IFLA, listing ALA accredited library schools in the US, addressing ALA standardsfor accreditation of library schools, and lastly containing the Unesco/IFLA manifesto (1994) onpublic libraries. The text can broadly be divided into two parts. The first part, consisting of fivechapters, mostly dwells on library related issues. These chapters progressively discuss the knowledgeinfrastructure of the society social history of libraries (mostly of the USA) and their mission, thelibrary as a social institution, kinds of libraries and their services, the impact of technology onlibraries and library services, and LIS as a profession. It views the libraries in tandem with othermemory institutions, namely archives museums . This integrative approach broadens the perspectiveof libraries as social and cultural institutions and as a collective social memory. Chapter 6 on theorganization of knowledge both the twin fields.The other four chapters of the second part mostly dwell on information science and policies. Thelong chapter on the nature and evolution of information science discusses and describes its relationwith librarianship. The chapter on knowledge organization discusses up-to-date techniques and methodsfor describing information, its representation and retrieval in the traditional print libraries and thee-environment as well. The remaining chapters essentially deal with information policies and theirstakeholders, intellectual freedom, right to information, censorship and the ethics of the LIS profession.In the preface the author sets out six articulated purposes, namely a broad introduction to theentire field, major current issues of the discipline, place of the library in the larger social, politicaland cultural contexts, a guide to search deeper into the LIS studies with the help of referencesand carefully selected up-to-date reading lists given at the end of each chapter. These readinglists, which have been divided into articles and books/monographs, are a very valuable featureof this text. Though mostly biased to the US situations, the book is a standard work broaderbut sufficiently detailed introduction to the LIS field in general. It provides good reading andan informative guide for the teachers and new entrants to the LIS profession the world over tohelp them get to know and learn the scope, nature, objectives, mission and methods of the libraryand information services.To every chapter is divided into numbered sections with apt feature headings. The text is seasonedwith numerous figures and to illustrate the concepts. The book, marked by clarity of thought andexpression, is encyclopedic both in scope and function as is evident from the 14-page index, whichin itself is a piece of professional work. It lucidly explains and sufficiently discusses thousandsof major and minor concepts and methods and issues with authority, and quotes other authoritieswherever needed. That is indeed. he author has a of making axiomatic generalizations such as:“Libraries of all types serve a critical function in our society” (p.157); “The information environmentgrows more complex every year” (p.338) has the insight to make wise statements: “… The bestway to combat a bad idea is not to suppress it but to produce a better idea.” (p.491); Tolerancehas a complementary relationship to truth. (p.540). In addition he tenders practical advice suchas: “Public institutions today must demonstrate their value to citizens and to funders if they expectsupport” (p.145). All of these make the book engaging, lucid and reliably informative. May thebook be kept up-to-date for generations and generations of future LIS.In the preface the author sets out six articulated purposes, namely a broad introduction to theentire field, major current issues of the discipline, place of the library in the larger social, politicaland cultural contexts, a guide to search deeper into the LIS studies with the help of referencesand carefully selected up-to-date reading lists given at the end of each chapter. These readinglists, which have been divided into articles and books/monographs, are a very valuable featureof this text. Though mostly biased to the US situations, the book is a standard work broaderbut sufficiently detailed introduction to the LIS field in general. It provides good reading andan informative guide for the teachers and new entrants to the LIS profession the world over tohelp them get to know and learn the scope, nature, objectives, mission and methods of the libraryand information services.To every chapter is divided into numbered sections with apt feature headings. The text is seasonedwith numerous figures and to illustrate the concepts. The book, marked by clarity of thought andexpression, is encyclopedic both in scope and function as is evident from the 14-page index, whichin itself is a piece of professional work. It lucidly explains and sufficiently discusses thousandsof major and minor concepts and methods and issues with authority, and quotes other authoritieswherever needed. That is indeed. he author has a of making axiomatic generalizations such as:“Libraries of all types serve a critical function in our society” (p.157); “The information environmentgrows more complex every year” (p.338) has the insight to make wise statements: “… The bestway to combat a bad idea is not to suppress it but to produce a better idea.” (p.491); Tolerancehas a complementary relationship to truth. (p.540). In addition he tenders practical advice suchas: “Public institutions today must demonstrate their value to citizens and to funders if they expectsupport” (p.145). All of these make the book engaging, lucid and reliably informative. May thebook be kept up-to-date for generations and generations of future LIS. Note:1. Shera, Jesse H. Introduction to Library Science. Littleton, Colo: Libraries Unlimited, 1976.2. Chowdhry, G.G. et al. Librarianship: an Introduction. London: Facet Publishing, 2008, 329 p.URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/06779/06779.pd
The COAPI Cats: The Current State of Open Access Repository Movement and Policy Documentations
Get PDFThe paper investigates open access (OA) self archiving policies ofdifferent Open Access Repositories (OARs) of COAPI (Coalition ofOpen Access Policy Institutions) founder members as reported in June2011 (i.e. a total of 22 members against a total of 46 COPAI membersas reported by Open Biomed (http://openbiomed.info/2011/08/coapi-cats/).The paper consulted three databases (OpenDOAR, ROAR and ROARMAP)in order to evaluate twenty-two (22) COAPI-members OARs self archivingpolicy documentations and highlights of some progress on issuesso far. After analyzing policy documentations, key findings have beenhighlighted and common practices have been suggested in line withglobal recommendations and best practice guidelines at national andinternational levels for strengthening national research systems. Thepaper has implications for administrators, funding agencies, policy makersand professional librarians in devising institute specific self archivingpolicies for their own organization.URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/06466/06466.pd
A Study on the Perception of Librarians of the Impact that Libraries Have on Society
Get PDFThis study comprehensively analyzed domestic and foreign literature related to the value and impact of libraries, developed a survey to investigate perception of the libraries’ value and impact, and accordingly investigated the perception of librarians according to the types of libraries. As the result, the mean of impact on education and literacy was the highest with 3.98, followed in order by those of social impact of libraries with 3.67 and economic impact of libraries with 3.46. Regarding the impact on education and literacy shown in the result from evaluation of the subordinate items, the librarians perceived that the education roles of libraries were expanding, the impact on reading and literacy became greater, and libraries were essential elements for education and education system. As the difference in perception related the libraries’ impact were compared by types of libraries, the librarians of public libraries tended to score higher than the librarians of university libraries in most of the items
The Social Networking Application Success Model: An Empirical Study of Facebook and Twitter
Get PDFSocial networking applications (SNAs) are among the fastest growing web applications of recent years. In this paper, we propose a causal model to assess the success of SNAs, grounded on DeLone and McLean’s updated information systems (IS) success model. In addition to their original three dimensions of quality, i.e., system quality, information quality and service quality, we propose that a fourth dimension - networking quality - contributes to SNA success. We empirically examined the proposed research model with a survey of 168 Facebook and 149 Twitter users. The data validates the significant role of networking quality in determining the focal SNA’s success. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed. URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/06464/06464.pd
Information Professionals’ Knowledge Sharing Practices in Social Media: A Study of Professionals in Developing Countries
Get PDFThe primary objective of this study is to investigate the perception of informational professionals’ knowledge sharing practices in social media platform. The specific objectives of the study included professionals’ perceptions and awareness of knowledge sharing using social media, know their opinion and beliefs, familiarity and reasons for using these tools. Open & close ended web-based questions were sent by email to the international training program (ITP) participants. Findings indicated that most of the respondents’ were aware of using social media and they used this tool for knowledge sharing. Speed and ease of use, managing personal knowledge, easier communication with users and colleagues and powerful communication tool are the areas that motivated them to use it. It also stated some barriers like lack of support, familiarity, trust, unfiltered information and fear of providing information. The study was limited to the perceptual aspect of the issue, specifically from the individuals’ opinions and sentiments. URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/08903/08903.pd
Re-conceptualization of Knowledge Organization: Imperatives of Networked Resources and Digitization
Get PDFThis paper calls for a review of curriculum in the area of knowledge organization to respond to the recent changes brought by digital information and introduction of networked resources. Rethinking and re-conceptualization of this area has become necessary. New topics need to be added and placed in different courses in the information studies programs (introductory/foundation; core/required; and electives/specialized courses) for a balanced approach. There is a need to change the mindset and expand the scope of knowledge organization from institutions to individuals as well as responsibilities of knowledge organization work to be extended from information professionals to authors, knowledge workers and information users. These courses need to be taught from a different context. Changes in curriculum and teaching methodology will make these courses more useful for professionals aspiring to work in modern information environments. URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/08905/08905.pd