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Oral health education for school children and capacity building of local community health workers in cleft care: An experience of student-led community service in a West Java village
Get PDFThis article presents a program that seeks to establish partnerships between universities and rural villages in West Java provinces, with a focus on health-related activities. The program involves undergraduate students participating in field studies in the community through three activities: educating school children about oral health, providing capacity building for community health workers in managing infants with cleft, and assisting community health workers at Integrated Service Post (Posyandu). The program was developed by scholars at Universitas Padjadjaran and West Bandung Regency of West Java Province to contribute to the development of neighbouring regions. The program has had two significant impacts. First, the undergraduate students are directly involved in the community and can reflect on what they have learned in the context of the community, while also earning credits towards their transcripts. Second, the program has had a positive impact on healthcare by educating various community groups on topics ranging from oral health to early management of infants with orofacial clefts. This program serves as an example of how academic study and community service can be successfully combined to produce positive outcomes for both the students and the community
Women Leaders and ESG Performance: Exploring Gender Equality in Global South Companies
Get PDFThis paper investigates the relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and gender equity in companies operating in the Global South. Using data from an ESG rating encompassing approximately 100 companies in one of the largest economies in the Global South, we explore whether higher ESG scores are associated with greater gender equity. The findings reveal that organizations with higher ESG scores demonstrate more robust performance in gender indicators and exhibit greater transparency. This relationship is particularly pronounced for companies excelling in the social aspects of ESG evaluation. However, despite their reputation for sustainability, women still face challenges related to low representation and lower salaries within these companies
Health and Safety Challenges Among Post-Disaster Reconstruction Workers
Get PDFWith the increase in the number of natural disasters in recent years, post-disaster reconstruction (PDR) efforts have become increasingly important to aid community recovery. Accordingly, a large body of recent research has focused on identifying the best practices for accelerating recovery and restoring impacted communities. However, relatively little attention has been devoted to the health and safety challenges experienced by reconstruction workers that aid post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts. The current investigation focused on addressing this knowledge gap by seeking to uncover the health and safety challenges that reconstruction workers experienced in the context of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal – that was responsible for nearly 9,000 deaths and 22,000 injuries. The data collection effort involved in-depth interviews with several stakeholders, including construction workers, supervisors, site engineers, general contractors, homeowners, and governmental officials. This study enhances our understanding of the health and safety challenges experienced by PDR workers. The study also offers insight on how the obtained knowledge can be leveraged by government and stakeholders with supervisory roles to ensure proper health, safety, and wellbeing of the reconstruction workers
Reflections on evaluators\u27 role in community needs assessment
Get PDFEvaluators play a critical role in shaping evaluation practices, but in practice this can be challenging to accomplish in ways that are productive as well as healing. This article discusses evaluation practices in the context of a project commissioned as needs-based to assist with community recovery after a racially motivated mass shooting in an urban neighbourhood marginalised by crime, income, race and unemployment. Development of an unmet needs survey included incorporating initial data collected by empowered community leaders with subsequent data collected by evaluators through focus groups and surveys. Evaluators then analysed and organised the data into a report that community leaders could submit to local and state officials. Identifying details were omitted out of an abundance of concern and respect for the privacy of the communities and constituents that were directly and indirectly affected by the tragedy that inspired this discourse.
This article presents a reflective discussion between evaluators on whether or not it would have been appropriate to suggest integrating an assets-based community development (ABCD) approach within a commissioned community needs assessment. It also covers the evaluators’ process of using a critical lens to retrospectively assess the appropriateness and effectiveness of adopting an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach. The discussion emphasises the importance of acknowledging and engaging with the diverse perspectives held by the wider evaluation community. It recognises, too, the value of ongoing dialogue and debate to encourage evaluators to critically reflect on the appropriateness and implications of integrating a variety of approaches within community needs assessments. This article also explores how the authors ‘made space’ for this conversation, including aspects of content analysis and consideration of crucial conversations, parameters and ethics, in the hope of further stimulating discussion and fostering a decision-making process that would encompass a range of viewpoints, ultimately driving more effective and responsive community development practices
Asset-based community development in an online context: Crafting collective experience into an asset of expertise
Get PDFThis article analyses a case study for which an asset-based community development (ABCD) orientation was used to conduct community-based research (CBR). The community in question is, unusually, a digital community comprised of people who sell handmade crafts and vintage goods through digital marketplace platforms. This project, headed by a team of one academic and one community organiser, demonstrates a process by which CBR can be initiated by a community itself in order to effect change in the structural inequalities with which they are faced. To do so, we argue that community members’ expertise is a key asset, both individually and when collectivised through the research process. Involving community members in research on this basis helps change the way they look at themselves and their situation, and strengthens the bonds of this virtual community
The Oil Extractive Industry in The Niger Delta: Impacts on the Livelihoods of Women
Get PDFHow is the oil extractive industry affecting the livelihoods of women in the Niger Delta? This study explores the nature of the oil extractive industry in Nigeria and its impact on the livelihoods of women. The paper further focuses on the role of civil society in reconciling the interest of the oil industry and local economy of women in the Niger Delta. Relying on primary and secondary data as well as feminist theories, the study examines the case of Ijaw, Ogbia and Ogoni women, who have traditionally relied on fishing and farming as major means of income. The paper argues that women are the most affected by the oil industry through frequent spilling of crude oil in creeks, rivers, swamps and farmlands, where their sources of income is derived from. In addition, the civil society with women as active participants has only achieved little in terms of social justice
New Extractivism in Ghana’s Salt Sector
Get PDFSince commercial production of oil and gas started in Ghana over a decade ago, the salt sector which has historically been dominated by artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has seen renewed corporate interest. Aided by the state’s preference for large-scale mining (LSM) over ASM since the days of the Economic Reform Program, several tens of thousands of acres of areas previously operated by artisanal and small-scale miners for salt mining have been leased to large-scale salt mining companies. Situated in political settlement and infrapolitics theoretical frameworks, with a focus on two key salt producing sites (Songor and Keta lagoons) and using qualitative research methods through ethnographic engagement with affected regions, the study explores the consequences of this new extractivism in the salt sector to assess the long-term consequences of forced evictions, as well as role of civil society in the retention or otherwise of the now dominant LSM in the salt sector
The Archival Book as an Experimental Dialogue in Public History
Get PDFThis article argues for a new genre of book making which I call an archival book that is created to present archival material to the public. The book discussed here was published as a commemorative volume in 2010, soon after the centenary of the Indian physicist, Homi Bhabha. The archival book described here attempted to move away from the celebratory coffee table format and focused instead on the archives of the scientist. The article tries to define the key characteristics of the archival book that is meant for the public and not exclusively for a scholarly community and the challenges of presenting archival material in this form. Finally, the article focuses the inter-disciplinary nature of the archival book-making project and the collaborative way in which the writers and designer can work together in order to make the archives accessible, especially in countries where archives remain inaccessible to the general public
Gardening education in early childhood: Important factors supporting the success of implementing it
Get PDFPreparing children to become the Rabbani, or godly, generation is the parents’ choice when educating their children. In Indonesia, children are seen as an investment in the nation, state and religion as they will become the generation to change civilisation for the better. Through gardening education in nursery school, it is hoped that children’s monotheism and cognitive, psychomotor and affective development will be achieved. This article offers a service-learning program, developed with the aid of agricultural science and early childhood university education, and partnered with a large social charity, Muhammadiyah. Methods used in this program are group discussion forums, gardening education for class teachers and class action by students in the class. The program involves 60 students aged six at a nursery school, Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal, in East Java Province, Indonesia.
This program is important as it involves measurable assessment of the educational model, learning tool requirements, methods of delivery and evaluation of activities. The program and results shared here demonstrate that gardening education can be accomplished at the nursery school level. Gardening tools are needed, but can be modified to suit this age group. Gardening education for these young children is conducted in accordance with pre-prepared lesson plans. Multilevel learning methods, ranging from reading books, telling stories and watching documentaries to practising and reflecting on gardening activities, are part of the success of this type of gardening education. School support for the implementation of this program markedly determined its success
Fighting Corruption in Kazakhstan by Force of Criminal Law
Get PDFThe anti-corruption component of Kazakhstan\u27s state development has been elevated to the rank of state policy. Despite the comprehensive fight against corruption, Kazakhstan, having achieved progressive and radical changes in legislation during the years of independence, has not yet managed to achieve significant results in the fight against corruption. The current increase in the number of corruption-related criminal offences, including those committed by high-ranking officials and directors of a number of Kazakh companies, is due to a stronger political will on the part of the head of state to decisively confront corruption. This intention allows attention to be given to criminal law measures, which occupy an important place in the complex of measures to combat the systemic vice of the state, which threatens national security. This study focuses on assessing possible adjustments to Kazakhstan\u27s criminal law to strengthen the fight against corruption through criminal law measures. The potential of criminal law in anti-corruption policy has not been exhausted. In the author\u27s opinion, the proposed changes allow us to hope that they will ultimately serve the useful purpose of Kazakhstan\u27s anti-corruption policy as well as open the ground for an informed discussion on the further fight against corruption
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