Cổng Tài nguyên Giáo dục Mở - NTTU (Nguyen Tat Thanh University)
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Sustainable Structures and Buildings
No full text126 p.This open access book includes detail on various structures, buildings, and building materials from different structural and sustainability perspectives. It describes how the building industry is vital for the achievement of the sustainable development goals, namely, economic growth, social progress, and the effective protection of the environment. The aim of this collection is to foster the design and construction of sustainable structures and buildings to reduce the environmental load, connect with the environment, and benefit the health of occupants. Presenting the knowledge, trends, and developments from a group of contributors in the field working with different kinds of structures, structural components, buildings, and building materials, the book is ideal for practitioners working in commercial settings, as well as engineering students and researchers concerned with sustainability issues
Influence of nitrogen species and biomass retention time on nutrient removal and biomass productivity in a microalgae-based bioreactor
No full text1 p.This study examined the effects of nitrogen species (NH4+-N/NO3--N ratio) and biomass retention time (BRT) on nutrient uptake and biomass productivity in Chlorella sp. In batch photobioreactors (PBR), microalgae were cultivated with varied nitrogen species ratios (100% NH4+-N, 50% NH4+–N:50% NO3--N, and 100% NO3--N). It was observed that a medium containing 100% NO3––N boosted algae growth, with a maximum biomass concentration of 3188 mg/L. However, the lowest nutrient removal rates were obtained under the 100% NO3--N condition, according to the reverse logistics model. In contrast, the highest removal rates occurred for substrate containing 100% of NH4+-N species based on first-order decay models, although yield biomass was lower (2940 mg/L). The presence of the ammonia nitrogen resulted in the flocculation of the microalgae into large flocs, suggesting that ammonia nitrogen was rapidly consumed to produce flocculation-related metabolic products rather than for biomass production. Using the 100% NH4+-N medium, different BRT values (7, 5, 3, 2 days) were examined under continuous operation using a membrane photobioreactor (MPBR). At 3-day BRT, the maximum biomass productivity, nitrogen, and phosphorous removal rates were 214 ± 4, 63.1 ± 4.1, and 2.1 ± 0.6 mg/L d, respectively. The biomass yield increased as the BRT decreased, leading to an increase in pollutant removal rates. Finally, this study provides some essential information for improving the operating conditions of membrane photobioreactor system under different biomass retention times and various nitrogen sources in the feed
Dynamic data processing: Recursive least-squares
No full textThis book is a follow-up on Adjustment theory. It extends the theory to the case of time-varying parameters with an emphasis on their recursive determination. Least-squares estimation will be the leading principle used. A least-squares solution is said to be recursive when the method of computation enables sequential, rather than batch, processing of the measurement data. The recursive equations enable the updating of parameter estimates for new observations without the need to store all past observations. Methods of recursive least-squares estimation are therefore particularly useful for applications in which the time-varying parameters need to be instantly determined. Important examples of such applications can be found in the fields of real-time kinematic positioning, navigation and guidance, or multivariate time series analysis. The goal of this book is therefore to convey the necessary knowledge to be able to process sequentially collected measurements for the purpose of estimating time-varying parameters.
When determining time-varying parameters from sequentially collected measurement data, one can discriminate between three types of estimation problems: filtering, prediction and smoothing. Filtering aims at the determination of current parameter values, while smoothing and prediction aim at the determination of respectively past and future parameter values. The emphasis in this book will be on recursive least-squares filtering. The theory is worked out for the important case of linear(ized) models. The measurement-update and time-update equations of recursive least-squares are discussed in detail. Models with sequentially collected data, but time-invariant parameters are treated first.
In this case only the measurement-update equations apply. State-space models for dynamic systems are discussed so as to include time-varying parameters. This includes their linearization and the construction of the state transition matrix. Elements from the theory of random functions are used to describe the propagation laws for linear dynamic systems. The theory is illustrated by means of many worked out examples. They are drawn from applications such as kinematic positioning, satellite orbit determination and inertial navigation
Gelatin/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Edible Films: Modification Of Physical Properties By Different Hydrocolloids And Application In Beef Preservation In Combination With Shallot Waste Powder
Get PDF1 pageIn this work, a gelatin/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) base formulation was first modified by using different hydrocolloids like oxidized starch (1404), hydroxypropyl starch (1440), locust bean gum, xanthan gum, and guar gum. The properties of modified films were characterized using SEM, FT-IR, XRD and TGA-DSC before selecting of best-modified film for further development with shallot waste powder. SEM images showed that the rough or heterogeneous surface of the base was changed to more even and smooth depending on the hydrocolloids used while FTIR results demonstrated that a new NCO functional group nonexistent in the base formulation was found for most of the modified films, implying that the modification led to the formation of this functional group. Compared to other hydrocolloids, the addition of guar gum into the gelatin/CMC base has improved its properties such as better color appearance, higher stability, and less weight loss during thermal degradation, and had minimal effect on the structure of resulting films. Subsequently, the incorporation of spray-dried shallot peel powder into gelatin/CMC/guar gum was conducted to investigate the applicability of edible films in the preservation of raw beef. Antibacterial activity assays revealed that the films can inhibit and kill both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. It is noteworthy that the addition of 0.5% shallot powder not only effectively decelerated the microbial growth but also destroyed E. coli during 11 days of storage (2.8 log CFU g-1) and the bacterial count was even lower than that of uncoated raw beef on day 0 (3.3 log CFU g-1)
WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 1: prevention - tuberculosis preventive treatment, second edition
Get PDF268 p.The 2024 recommendations for the programmatic management of TPT are released as part of Module 1 of the WHO consolidated TB guidelines series. The guidelines are complemented by an operational handbook, that provides practical advice on how to implement the recommendations at the scale needed to achieve national and global impact. The guidelines and the handbook are the second edition of the documents and update the edition that was first published in 2020
The Microwave-assisted Extraction Of Anthocyanins, Total Phenolic Compounds And The Antioxidant Activity In Morus Nigra l. (Black Mulberry) Grown In The Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam
Get PDF1 pageMorus nigra L. (Black mulberry) is a nutritious fruit that contains many bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, polyhenol and antioxidant activity. The microwave-assisted extraction method (MAE) is an advanced method with due to its advantages of short extraction time and lower solvent consumption. The objective of this research is to find the appropriate conditions to extract the highest contents of anthocyanin, polyphenol and antioxidant activity in black mulberry by MAE method. The pH-differential method is used to determine the anthocyanin content, the polyphenol content is determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity is determined by the DPPH method. The highest contents of these coumponds were obtained as follows anthocyanin contents 128.07 mg/L, polyphenol contents 4305.38 mg/L and antioxidant activity 2715.68 μmol/L when extracted under conditions of concentration of ethanol 60o, solid to solvent ratio 1:30, microwave power 600W, microwave-assisted extraction time 2 minutes
Emerging revolving algae biofilm system for algal biomass production and nutrient recovery from wastewater
Get PDF1 p.Toward the direction of zero‐carbon emission and green technologies for wastewater treatment, algae-based technologies are considered promising candidates to deal with the current situation of pollution and climate change. Recent developments of algae-based technologies have been introduced in previous studies in which their performances were optimized for wastewater treatment and biomass production. Among these, revolving algae biofilm (RAB) reactors have been proven to have a great potential in high biomass productivity, simple harvesting method, great CO2 transfer rate, high light-use efficiency, heavy metal capture, nutrient removal, and acid mine drainage treatment in previous studies. However, there were few articles detailing RAB performance, which concealed its enormous potential and diminished interest in the model. Hence, this review aims to reveal the major benefit of RAB reactors in simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass cultivation. However, there is still a lack of research on aspects to upgrade this technology which requires further investigations to improve performance or fulfill the concept of circular economy
Introduction to Financial Accounting - 2024-A-D
No full text389 p.Introduction to Financial Accounting, originally by D. Annand and H. Dauderis, is intended for a first course in introductory financial accounting. It has been extensively edited by Athabasca University and reflects current International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). A corporate approach is utilized, versus beginning with a sole proprietorship emphasis and then converting to a corporate approach. The textbook focuses on core introductory financial accounting topics that match pre-requisite requirements for students advancing to intermediate financial accounting. The textbook covers all essential topics, including: the accounting cycle; merchandising; assigning costs to inventory; cash and receivables; property, plant and equipment; debt financing; equity financing; statement of cash flows; financial statement analysis; and proprietorships and partnerships
Engineering Systems, Dynamics, Modelling, Simulation, and Design
No full text216 p.This open educational resource presents effective system modelling methods, including Lagrangian and bond graph, and the application of a relevant engineering software tool, 20-sim. The content is designed for engineering students and professionals in the field to support their understanding and application of these methods for modelling, simulation, and design of engineering systems. The text also includes videos showing selected worked-out examples