Journal of Health Sciences
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Analysis of disease spectrum of corporate executives after physical examination
No full textIntroduction: To find out the disease spectrum of corporate executives and screen the common chronic diseases.Methods: The physical examination data of corporate executives were collected to carry out cross-sectional study.Results: Among 231 subjects, there were one hundred and ninety four males, which made up 85.3%, and thirty seven females, which made up 14.7%. The detection rate of chronic diseases in corporate executive was high. Specifically, the incidence rate of blood viscosity rise was 87.8%; the incidence rate of blood lipid rise was 79.5%; the incidence rate of obesity and overweight was 76.7%; the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori was 55.7%; the prevalence rate of fatty liver was 52.1%; the prevalence rate of kidney stones was 43.5%; the incidence of abnormal pancreatic echo was 52.3%; the incidence rate of abnormal TCD was 66.2%; the detection rate of coarse gallbladder wall was 35.5%. The prevalence rate of bone mineral density reduction was 39.6%; the detection rate of reduction of diastolic function of left ventricle was 37.5%; the incidence rate of raised serum uric acid was 28.6%; the incidence rate of blood glucose going up was 22%; the incidence rate of liver cyst was 19.5%. The prevalence rate of blood LDL rise was 23.9%; the prevalence rate of abnormal thyroid was 21.3%; the incidence rate of arteriosclerosis was 17.5%; the prevalence rate of hypertension was 17.4%.Conclusion: The corporate executives are high risk group of common metabolic diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, screening should be strengthened for them
Sonoelastography: the method of choice for evaluation of tissue elasticity
Get PDFUltrasound devices and methodologies have been continuously evolving and becoming more important as tools in diagnostic medicine. Recently a new ultrasound diagnostic technique has been developed. Named sonoelastography, the technique enables evaluation of tissue elasticity and is based on differences in stiffness (hardness, compressibility, elasticity) of pathological changes and normal adjacent tissue. Sonoelastography (SE) is also known as Real-time tissue elastography (RTE), Real-time sonoelastography (RTSE), Tissue type imaging (TTI) and Ultrasound Strain Imaging Technology. It has been found useful in many medicine elds and adopted readily by clinicians of different specialties. It gives more information than conventional ultrasound in evaluation of tumors, liver disease, skeletal muscles, rheumatoid nodules and other pathological changes. This review covers the basics of elastography, its applications, instruments, techniques, the scoring system and the indications for elastography
Comparison of ARCHITECT chemiluminiscent microparticle immunoassay for determination of Troponin I in serum with AXYM MEIA technology
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was determination of troponin I at serum using Architect (Abbott) and AxSYM System (Abbott). Troponin is regulatory subunit of the troponin complex associate with actin filament within muscle cells and it is a marker for diagnosis of myocardial damage.Methods: We used Architect STAT chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and AxSYM microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA), techniques for quantitative determination of cardiac TnI in human serum or plasma. At our study we have proved precision, reproducibility and accuracy from both methods. The investigation included patients (n=119) who have myocardial infarction or ischemic heart damage and were treated at cardiology, emergency, internal medicine and neurology unit in Clinical Center University in Sarajevo.Results: The precision for three controls using Architect STAT TnI asssay technology were 3.6 – 5.2 % and reproducibility was 3.7 to 5.6 %. The AxSYM STAT TnI has precision for three controls 4.3–6.6 % and reproducibilitywas from 4.8 to 7.8 %. We have got very good correlation between Architect and AxSYM technology r = 0.999 in the investigation of troponin I in serum.Conclusions: We can conclude that chemiluminescent troponin assay I (Architect) showed good analytical performance and gave new possibility at troponin I determination
Microbiological composition of untreated water during different weather conditions
No full textIntroduction: Water can support the growth of different microorganisms which may result in contamination. Therefore, the microbiological examination is required for testing the hygienic probity of water. In the study of microbial composition of untreated, natural spring and mineral water differences in the presence and number of bacteria during the two periods, winter and summer, are detectable.Methods: In our study, we analyzed and compared the following parameters, specified in the Rulebook: total bacteria and total aerobic bacteria (ml/22 and 37°C), total Coliform bacteria and Coliforms of fecalorigin (MPN/100ml), fecal streptococci as Streptococcus faecalis (MPN/100ml), Proteus spp (MPN/100ml), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MPN/100 ml) Sulphoreducing Clostridia (cfu / ml). The paper is a retrospective study in which we processed data related to the period of 2005-2009 year. While working, we used the descriptive-analytical comparative statistical treatment.Results: The obtained results show statistically significant differences in the microbial composition of untreated water in the two observed periods,Conclusions: Findings were consequence of different weather conditions in these periods, which imply a number of other variable factors
Acute postoperative pain relief, by intraperitoneal application of local anesthetics, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
No full textIntroduction: Intraperitoneal administration of local anesthetic in combination with an opioid, for the relief of postoperative pain, has already been reported after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study aimed toassess the analgesic effect of the intraperitoneal administration of bupivacaine and morphine, in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: 90 patients (30 patients in each group) were included in a double blind, randomized manner. At the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the patients were intraperitoneally treated with 30 ml of: physiologicalsaline (Group 1) or 0.25% bupivacaine (Group 2) or 0.25% bupivacaine + 2 mg morphine (Group 3). Patient’s postoperative pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale and a verbal rating score. The postoperativeanalgesic requirement was assessed by the total dose of Ketorolak, administered by intravenous or intramuscular route. Pain, vital signs, supplemental analgesics consumption and side effects were recorded for all patients for 12h.Results: There were no difference between the three groups, regarding pain scores (et rest and coughing) during the study, except in the fi rst 6 h, when scores were lower for patients receiving intraperitoneal bipuvacaine+ morphine (p<0.05).Conclusions: In the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the intraperitoneal administration of bupivacaine + morphine, reduced the analgesic requirements during the fi rst 6 postoperative hours comparedwith the control groups. The combination of intraperitoneal bupivacaine 0.25% and morphine was more effective for treatment of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Health claims made on multivitamin and mineral supplements
No full textIntroduction: Basic purpose of health claims is consumers\u27 benefit by providing information about healthy eating habits. It is necessary for health claims to be scientifically substantiated and truthful. Health claims should not attribute to food the property of preventing, treating or curing a human disease. Use of health claims should be followed by a statement indicating the importance of a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this research was to examine the compliance of health claims made on multivitamin and mineral dietary supplements\u27 labels on the Serbian market with national regulation concerning health safety of dietary products.Methods: An assessment of labels of MVMs was done in two privately owned pharmacies in Novi Sad, Serbia in August 2010.Results: In total, 48 MVMs were sampled and 22 health claims were detected. Seven out of 22 health claims were in compliance with the national regulation. The main reason for health claims on foreign MVMs not to be compliant with the regulation in Serbia was inadequate or nonexistent translation of original labels.Conclusion: Detected use of terms such as "prevention", "treatment" and "indications" on vitamin and mineral dietary supplements\u27 labels is both forbidden and misleading to consumers. Coupled with inadequate or nonexistent translation of the labels, it leads to a low level of protection of Serbian consumers. It is necessary to establish an effective monitoring system for dietary supplements\u27 labeling on a national scale in order toprotect consumers and their wellbeing
Evaluation of breast symptoms with mammography and ultrasonography
No full textIntroduction: Aim of the study was to discern which are more frequent symptoms presented in malign and benign masses diagnosed by mammography and ultrasonography.Methods: Our study group consisted of 546 female patients, with breast symptoms such as palpable lumps (40.8%), pain in the breast (26%), localized lumpiness or nodularity (13.7%), nipple retraction (11.2%), nipplebloody discharge (5.1%) and redness and swelling of the breast (3.1%). All 546 patients were examined by ultrasonography and mammography. Biopsy was performed according to the findings of mammography and ultrasonography.Results: In breast cancer detection ultrasonography showed an efficiency of 79.4% compared to 55.0% for mammography in detecting breast lump, in the case of nipple retraction mammography showed an efficiency of 89.1% compared to 80.4% for ultrasound, while the lowest efficiency for mammography was in the cases with localized lumpiness or nodularity 17.1% compared to 45.7% for ultrasound. In detecting fibrocystic changes where the most common symptoms was pain, ultrasonography showed an efficiency of 99.3 % compared to 84.2 % for mammography.Conclusions: Our study confirmed that breast lumps are detectable in the majority of patients with breast cancer. The most frequent symptoms in patient with benign lesions were pain or localized discomfort. The diagnostic accuracy for carcinomas of the breast and for benign lesions according to symptoms was higher for ultrasound than for mammography
Epidemiological characterisics of gastrointestinal infectious diseases and viral hepatitis A in the Canton Sarajevo
Get PDFIntroduction: Gastrointestinal infectious diseases are a group of frequent diseases in developing countries as a result of industrialization in food production and often consuming of the food in public places. In Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Canton Sarajevo these diseases are frequent. The aim of this work is to investigate epidemiological characteristics of the most often gastrointestinal infectious diseases in Canton Sarajevo (Enterocolitis acuta, Toxiinfectio alimentaris, Salmonellosis, Amoebiasis) compared with Viral Hepatitis A and to estimate the need for the implementation of vaccination against this disease.Methods: We used individual reports as well as monthly and annual bulletins about the movement of infectious diseases which are obligatory for reporting from the Epidemiology department of the Institute for public health in Canton Sarajevo. This work is a retrospective study, for the period 2005-2009. Descriptive- analytical method was used. In statistical processing we used mean, structure index and trend index.Results: The research showed that gastrointestinal infectious diseases are registered in a huge number in all the observed years. The most often was Enterocolitis acuta, and the rarest was Viral Hepatitis A. The diseases were mostly sporadic. Distinct seasonality and coherence with warm months in the year is expressed in Enterocolitis acuta and Intoxicatio alimentaris, while the other diseases are registered during the whole year.Conclusions: Incidence of gastrointestinal infectious diseases in Canton Sarajevo is high and we need to work intensively to improve sanitary conditions as the most eficient preventive measures. There is no justification for implementing of the vaccine against Viral hepatitis A
Implementation of the hemoprophylactic protocol in orthopedic surgery
No full textIntroduction: Antibiotic prophylaxis is defined as the use of antimicrobials in the absence of symptoms of infection, with the aim of preventing or reducing the incidence of infection after surgery. We analyzed the incidence of surgical wound infection in patients in whom a protection of hemoprophylaxis conducted using cefazolin and gentamicin, and determine the frequency of surgical wound infection in patients in whom there was a deviation in the implementation of hemoprophylaxis protection.Methods: This retrospective-prospective study included 100 patients surgically treated at the The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Clinical Center in Tuzla from December 2007 to February 2010, which examined the incidence of surgical wound infection after surgical treatment of fractures or degenerative changes in the hip, thigh and lower leg fractures.Results: In the first group, in patients who were treated with cefazolin were detected in 2 cases (5.7%) while the length of hemoprophylaxis was 7 days, patients who were treated with cefazolin and gentamicin were detected in 1 case (2.8%) and duration hemoprophylaxis was 7 days. In another control group tah was found 9 cases of wound infection (30%), and hemoprophylaxis duration was 10 days.Conclusion: The combination of cefazolin and gentamycin for a period of 5 days significantly reduces the incidence of infection and significantly shortened the time of antibiotics in group that is respected application protocol in accordance with international recommendation
The effect of breakthrough pain on heart and lung function during the cancer pain treatment in palliative care
No full textIntroduction: The aim of the research was to determine the effect of breakthrough pain (BTP) on heart and lung function in patients whose cancer pain had been treated with strong opiates.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients who were treated in recumbent patients’ hospice of Palliative Care Centre (hospice) University Clinical Centre Tuzla. The effect of pain breakthrough onheart function was monitored by blood pressure and pulse measuring outside. The effect on respiratory function was monitored by measuring the respiration number with SpO2 and pCO2 and pO2 capillary blood valuesoutside, during and after relieving pain breakthrough.Results: Mean value for Karnofsky score for patients upon admission was 47.13 ± 11.05 and on discharge 51.25 ± 11.73. The total number of pain breakthroughs for patients within the 10 days of the treatment was1396. During the pain breakthrough the mean of systolic pressure was 133.1 mmHg and it was statistically significantly higher than the mean of systolic pressure measured after BTP relief with oral morphine. Themean of diastolic pressure measured outside of pain breakthrough was 75.9 mmHg and after the BTP relief it was 72.9 mmHg. The mean pulse outside of pain breakthrough was 92.7 heartbeats per minute and afterthe BTP relief 8 9.1 heartbeats per minute.Conclusion: Pain breakthrough leads to pulse acceleration, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and it also affects respiratory function by accelerating the respiratio