Journal of Health Sciences
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Incidence of impacted mandibular third molars in population of Bosnia and Herzegovina: a retrospective radiographic study
No full textIntroduction: Impaction may be defined as the failure of complete eruption into a normal functional position of one tooth within normal time due to lack of space in the dental arch, caused by obstruction byanother tooth or development in an abnormal position. The mandibular third molar is the most frequently impacted tooth. The incidence varies from 9.5% to 68% in different populations.Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University in Sarajevo. Study represents retrospective analysis of panoramic radiographs (orthopantomograms) of patientsreferred to Department of Oral Surgery from January 2010 to February 2013 with indication for surgical removal of impacted third molars.Results: Of the 2000 radiographs, 761 presented with at least one impacted third molar (38%). A total of 1034 impacted mandibular third molars were present (51.7%). The most common age group was thirddecade (61.2%). Signifi cant statistical difference in incidence of third molar impaction was found between females and males (p<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in incidence in urban and suburbanpopulation (p=0.374). Vertical angulation was the most common pattern of impaction (65%). Frequency of third molars erupted into their normal position (class IA) was 42%. Impacted mandibular molars wereassociated with periodontal pockets in 134 (6.5%) cases and with dentigerous cysts in 5 cases (0.2%).Conclusion: The present study provides useful data regarding the clinical status of third molars in population of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Air pollution by nitrogen oxides in Sarajevo from 2005 to 2010
No full textIntroduction: Air pollution occurs when the concentration of certain substances (pollutants) reaches a size which causes its toxicity, or in other words, begins to cause harm to human health, fl ora and wildlife.Methods: Measurements were performed in the period from 2005 to 2010, at the measuring point Bjelave-Sarajevo by the method of Griess-Saltzmann. It encompasses the following parameters: NO, NO2, NOx, measured concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere reduced to normal atmospheric conditions of 293 K (Kelvin) and pressure of 101.3 kPa (kilopascal).Results: NO concentration in the period from 2005 to 2008 was above the permitted value, but the results of research in the period between 2009 and 2010, have shown that there was a decrease in NO concentration in the atmosphere. Measurements show that the concentration of this pollutant is currently declining, which is a positive result compared to the pollution of the atmosphere by nitrogen monoxide. Furthermore, the results of the research showed that the concentration of NO2 for the period of 2005 to 2010, is in the limited values, and that has a decreasing trend, which is also a positive result compared to the pollution of the atmosphere by nitrogen dioxide. Related to the total concentration of NOx in the atmosphere, the results of the research show that their representation corresponds to the limit values existing in the Rulebook on limit values for air quality.Conclusion: The results of the research for the pollution of the atmosphere by nitrogen oxides in the investigated area show that the amount of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere is in constant decline
Sex determination of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population based on odontometric characteristics of permanent lower canines
No full textIntroduction: Sex determination is one of fi rst and most important steps in identifying disintegrated bodies and skeletal remains. During the exhumation of bodies from the mass graves and archaeologicalexcavations, it is quite often the case that not all bones of one person are found, therefore, teeth and the scull are the only true identifi cation material. Canines are teeth most appropriate for sex determination.The aim of the research was to determine sex identity of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population based on odontometric characteristics of permanent lower canines.Methods: The research sample included 180 patients of the Dental Offi ce, of both sexes. All patients with permanent lower right and left canines, without caries, with healthy state of gingiva and periodontium,without crown restorations were included in the research. Measurement was done directly in the patients\u27 mouth using a digital sliding caliper. Greatest mesiodistal width of the lower right and left canine and intercuspal distance of the lower jaw were measured.Results: All parameters were higher in case of male, including Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) (p<0.01). The precision of appraising the sex identity for the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population, based on MCI on the right, amounts 68.89% and 68.54% on the left.Conclusions: The study showed that right canines are signifi cantly broader than the left ones and they are broader in case of males. Lower right canines, that is, MCI on the right, indicates greater accuracy insex determination in relation to left lower canines. The accuracy in sex determination for all variables is higher for the female
Monitoring changes in serum 8-isoprostane concentration as a possible marker of oxidative stress in pregnancy
No full textIntroduction: Oxidative stress represents a pathophysiological mechanism lying behind occurrence of different acute and chronic diseases. Pregnancy, mainly due to placenta rich with mitochondria, is also being associated with the state of oxidative stress. Numerous markers have been proposed in order to test oxidative stress in pregnancy state, one of them being 8-isoprostane. The aim of this study was to analyse serum concentrations of 8-isoprostane as a possible oxidative stress marker in pregnancy.Methods: Serum concentrations of 8-isoprostane were measured in overall population of 84 woman, between 20 and 30 years of age. Tested population was divided in 2 groups: 42 pregnant woman were classifi ed as being either in the fi rst or second trimester of pregnancy. In the control group healthy nonpregnant women were included. Concentration of 8-isoprostane in serum was determined by commercial 8-isoprostane EIA test kit of Cayman Chemical Company, USA.Results: The 8-isoprostane levels were signifi cantly increased in pregnant women in relation to healthy non pregnant women (p<0.05). The 8-isoprostane levels were signifi cantly increased in second and third trimester of pregnancy (p<0.05).Conclusions: According to the obtained results, 8-isoprostane might be used as a possible marker of oxidative stress in pregnancy state, but not as a biomarker for the risk of complications development in pregnancy in analysed population
Treatment of the Moderate Lumbar Spinal Stenosis with an Intespinous Distraction Device IMPALA
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was the evaluation of symptom improvements in patients with moderate lumbar spinal stenosis, who consecutively underwent placement of interspinous distraction deviceIMPALA®.Methods: This study included a total of 11 adult patients with moderate lumbar spinal stenosis. Clinical evaluations were performed preoperatively and 3-months after surgery using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).Results: The mean preoperative VAS was 7.09 and fell to 2.27 a 3-months after surgery. The mean preoperative ODI was 59.45 fell to 20.72 a 3-months after surgery.Conclusions: Using the IMPALA® device in patients with moderate lumbar spinal stenosis is a minimal invasive, effective and safe procedure. Clinical symptoms were improved 3 months after surgery
Blastocystis hominis and allergic skin diseases; a single centre experience
No full textIntroduction: Blastocystis hominis in stool samples of individuals with allergic cutaneous symptoms were evaluated to study a possible link between them.Methods: The study was done from June 2010 to December 2011, in dermatology and parasitology department of central laboratory, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. A total of218 stool sample for patients who attended dermatology clinic and diagnosed as chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, or pruritus of unknown origin were included in the study. Standard laboratory tests for the detection of allergic etiology were performed for all patients. Detection of Blastocystis hominis has been made by microscopic examination of stool samples by direct examination and concentration technique.Results: Overall, 30(13.7%) stool samples were infected by Blastocystis hominis with age group (26-35) and male predominace 15(6.9%) and 18(8.2%), respectively. No other allergic cause of urticaria was discovered.Conclusion: Blastocystis hominis could be the etiology of chronic urticaria
The impact of metabolic risk management on recurrence of urinary stones
No full textIntroduction: Urinary stone disease is a common urologic problem and recurrence in stone formation is a very familiar issue to urologists. Although recurrence in stone formation has been linked to metabolic abnormalities, it can be accessible by metabolic risk analysis studies.Methods: Herein, we present our experience in metabolic risk management on recurrence of urinary stones for 10 years in Akdeniz University School of Medicine department of Urology. We retrospectively analyzed Akdeniz University Urinary Stone Database between dates of January 2000 and December 2010. We found over 3500 patients who were managed by SWL (shock wave lithotripsy) or PCNL (percutaneus nephrolithotripsy) or URS (Ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy) or open surgery.Results: 525 patients’ metabolic risk analysis was ordered due to recurrent urinary stone disease. Only 134 (25.5 %) current metabolic analysis were returned. Mean patient age was 32.2 years (range: 19-82 years).Patients were 103 male and 31 female. Stone analysis results were CaOx monohydrate in 48 (35.8 %), CaOx dihydrate in 8 (5.9 %), CaOx mono and dihydrate in 70 (52.2 %), uric acid in 3, CaOx monohydrate and uricacid in 2, cystine in 2, and struvite in 1 patient, respectively. The metabolic risk analysis showed some abnormality in 54 (40.2 %) patients.Conclusion: Although compliance to metabolic risk analysis studies is low among recurrent urinary stone formers, some significant metabolic abnormalities could be detected in those who are effectively screened.Recurrence of urinary stones in patients who are started on appropriate metabolic management can be prevented
Risk factors for long term complications among patients of endocrine clinic in Hospital Penang, Malaysia
No full textIntroduction: The prevalence of diabetes is on the increase and an estimated 239 million people worldwide are expected to have the condition by the year 2020 (1). Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a serious healthcare challenge. The aim of the study was to evaluate the patient clinical characteristics and risk factors for long term complications in the endocrine clinic of Hospital Penang, Malaysia.Methods: Descriptive Prospective cross-sectional study design was chosen. To achieve a power of 0.7 with alpha set at 0.05, 186 subjects were required for the study but researcher increase the sample to 297 in caseof drop out. Self-developed data collection form was used to collect the patient information.Results: 297 (100%) patients were enrolled from OPD diabetic clinic of Hospital Palau Pinang. Among the sample 150 (50.5%) were males and rest 147 (49.5%) females. Malay males mean weight at the time of diagnosis significantly higher (p<0.001,) as compared to other ethnics, same results found among Malay females (p<0.001). Findings suggested increased number of risk factors among the study population. Finding alsoshowed that hypertension found among all the classes of diagnosis. Signifi cant variable are diagnosis class and medication consideration.Conclusion of the study suggested that majority of patients are at high risk of long-term complications and comorbidies. It has been found that increased rate of risk factors have been found among the study population and non-significant to sociodemographic differences
Analysis of lipid status, body mass index and waist-hip ratio in post-menopausal women
Get PDFIntroduction: Menopause is the absence of menses in the period longer that one year. It is widely accepted that menopause leads to changes in hormonal status, metabolism and lipid profi le. The aim of this study wasto analyze the infl uence of menopause on the concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins and also the influence of body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) on lipid profi le in post-menopausal women.Methods: Sixty post-menopausal women of average age of 52.82 years were compared to a group of 34 pre-menopausal women average age of 47.92 years.Results: Post-menopausal women had higher, but non signifi cant (p>0.05) concentrations of total cholesterol, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides than pre-menopausal women. The concentration of high density lipoproteins (HDL) was significantly lower in post-menopausal women than pre-menopausal (p<0.05). The concentration of apolipoprotein B was also signifi cantly higher in post-menopausal women (p<0.05), but the concentrations of apolipoprotein and lipoprotein (a) were lowerbut without signifi cance (p>0.05). There was no difference between body mass index (BMI) and waste-hip ratio (WHR), but the WHR has shown as a signifi cant predictor of the LDL and cholesterol concentrations inpost-menopausal women.Conclusion: We can conclude that menopause leads to changes in lipid profi le by lowering of HDL and increasing the levels of apolipoprotein B, that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. The WHR is thesignifi cant predictor of cardiovascular risk in post-menopausal women
The role of CBR in the rehabilitation process in home conditions
No full textIntroduction: Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) is a strategy within community development for rehabilitation, equalizes opportunities and social integration of incapacitated people. This is a comprehensivestrategy of involving people with disabilities in their communities through the development program. CBR system provides for the people with disabilities equal access to treatment and rehabilitation, education, promotes health and healthy living, and also indicates the existence of other features that make these people become full members of society and the community in which they live and is currently used in over 90 countries around the world.Methods: Research was conducted in two CBRs (CBR-Kumrovec and CBR-Saraj Polje) in the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation in the Sarajevo Canton. The study included and statistically treated 97patients during the period from 01.01.2008 to 31.12.2008 year.Results: In a study from the total number of respondents 65% were women, 35% male respondents, and the most represented were respondents of age group from 71-80 years - 40%. Of all diseases, the most represented were respondents with ICV, 43%.Conclusion: This type of treatment in the home conditions is providing necessary medical rehabilitation services by qualified physical therapists through a sufficiently long period for successful medical rehabilitation inthe natural environment of patients (home conditions), and the presence of family members who we can also educate for the enforcement of basic physical procedures and instruct them on the condition of the patientand his perspective