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Facial Recognition AI
No full textThe integration of algorithmic decisionmaking and artificial intelligence (“AI”) into facial recognition technology poses new, unprecedented risks to privacy and individual autonomy rights, particularly in urban settings. The murder of Brian Thompson, CEO of UnitedHealthcare, in New York City on December 4, 2024, provides a timely case study to examine the deployment of facial recognition systems by the New York Police Department and other law enforcement agencies to identify the suspect. New York City deploys some of the most sophisticated surveillance architecture in the nation, put into place following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This Article explores the utilization of facial recognition systems and facial recognition AI in the investigation of Thompson’s murder. Ultimately, because of its limitations, facial recognition AI failed to assist law enforcement in identifying the suspect, Luigi Mangione, who was apprehended less than one week later through non-AI identification: a customer at a McDonald’s restaurant in Altoona, Pennsylvania, alerted a McDonald’s employee, who then reported the suspect to the local police. The benefits of facial recognition AI are uncertain, and its efficacy is largely unproven and untested. Facial recognition technology is largely unregulated and poses significant constitutional concerns. Specifically, this Article contends that the compelled deanonymization of individuals in urban settings results in diminished constitutional protections. It concludes that examining the European Union’s approach to AI oversight offers an important comparative perspective on regulatory approaches to facial recognition AI
W. Taylor Reveley, III: The Law School Mace
No full text[O]ne day I happened to be in the old courtroom...and was shown a big closet that had a lot of stuff in it. And there in the closet was this big golden mace. And I asked, What’s with this mace? I thought it might have been a theatrical prop at some point back when the law school had libel shows... So I took the mace out, and right away...the mace began being carried on all law school ceremonial occasions... And then they showed it to some people at Colonial Williamsburg who said, This thing might actually be real... So I said, All the better.” -- Taylor Reveley, Dean and President Emeritus, on finding the law school’s mace
Marshall-Wythe Mace. Replica of the Mace of Parliament in the British House of Commons, ca. 1850-1855?
The mace first arrived at the Law School in 1966 after being presented to Virginia by the British Government in commemoration of the 750th anniversary of the Magna Carta. It was likely displayed at the Law School during ceremonial occasions through the 1970s. There is limited record of the mace prior to Taylor Reveley’s arrival as dean, when he found it in a classroom closet. Originally believing it was a theatrical prop, Reveley began using the mace to bring more tradition to Law School proceedings. Colonial Williamsburg has since confirmed its authenticity, and the mace continues to be carried for all formal Law School ceremonies today.
Photo by Chris Cunningham.
Listen to Taylor Reveley\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1017/thumbnail.jp
Mike Chu: Driving Justice Rehnquist
No full text“Justice Rehnquist was presiding over [the federal judicial conference here], and they needed somebody to drive him around… So we were basically their Uber the entire time, and we took him to tennis and I still remember dropping him off at the little airport here... I said, Would you mind if we took a picture with you?... [T]he next week, I have this letter from the Supreme Court of the United States, Office of the Chief Justice, Chambers of the Chief Justice. And there it was. And he had a little note in there, it said, Mike, it was great, you know, thank you so much for all this. And he signed the picture. And I had it framed on my desk for years.” -- Mike Chu, Class of 1992, on driving Chief Justice Rehnquist around Williamsburg
Watson, Wendy. “C.J. Awarded Fellowship.” The Advocate, vol. 22, no. 4, 1 November 1990, p.1.
In 1990 Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist visited William & Mary Law School for three days as the first Carter O. Lowance Fellow in Law and Public Service. Michael Chu and fellow classmate Robert Bryant were responsible for driving Rehnquist and his wife around Williamsburg in between official engagements. Chu recalled hearing many stories while driving, including how Rehnquist would require each of his clerks to play him in tennis. Later, a colleague in Chu’s firm who clerked for Rehnquist confirmed that “everybody had to play tennis with him.”
Listen to Mike Chu\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1013/thumbnail.jp
Toni Massaro: Editor in Chief, William & Mary Law Review
No full textBut the Editor-in-Chief [of Law Review] made a mistake. He saw me in the hallway one day and he said, I assume you’re going to run for Student Articles Editor. And something snapped in my head. I said, No, sir, I’m going to run for Editor-in-Chief. And he just stared at me. And then I said, And that’s all I’m going to run for. I walked away shaking. Why did I say that?... But it just seemed wrong to me that he was assuming I would go for that job... I lucked out. I got the Editor-in-Chief job.” -- Toni Massaro, Class of 1980, on becoming Editor-in-Chief of William & Mary Law Review
William & Mary Law Review masthead. Vol. 21, no. 1. Fall 1979.
In 1979, Toni Massaro became the Editor-in-Chief of William & Mary Law Review’s 21st volume. Massaro was the second woman to hold this position, after John Lee Darst, who headed the very first volume of the Law Review in 1957. Contemporary reporting in the Law School’s student newspaper referred to Massaro as the first woman to hold this position. At the time, most women on the journal’s Executive Board became Student Articles Editors and were presumed not to be candidates for the top Board position. Now in its 66th volume (2024-2025), the Law Review has had at least 21 female editors-in-chief since Massaro was appointed in 1979.
Listen to Toni Massaro\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1010/thumbnail.jp
Eileen Olds: BALSA Holds Demonstration
No full textBut we had a demonstration about the fact that there was so little diversity here. And I can still remember my speech that I said at the time. There were 13 Blacks in the whole law school. So all three classes, there were 13 Blacks, there were only 31 alums at that time. And no Black faculty and no other minorities on the faculty whatsoever. So that gives you an idea. We\u27re not talking about hundreds of people, but the small group was able to do a lot of very impressive things, I think.” -- Eileen Olds, Class of 1982, on protesting the lack of diversity at the law school in the early 1980s
Kochman, Philip J. “Lawyer’s Guild, BALSA Hold Demonstration Against Racism.” The Advocate, vol. 12, no. 10, 26 March 1981, p.1.
When Eileen Olds came to William & Mary Law School, she was one of six Black students in her class. By her second year, there were only four. There were no Black faculty members and a very limited network of Black alumni. Olds, as president of the Black American Law Student Association (BALSA), organized this demonstration with recent graduate Bessida White (J.D. ’80) to call attention to the lack of diversity at the Law School and insist on changes that would prepare students “to function in a multi-racial society.” Unfortunately, little changed prior to Olds graduating in 1982. It was not until the late 1980s that the Law School hired its first Black tenure-track faculty.
Listen to Eileen Olds\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1006/thumbnail.jp
Jim Heller: Hosting the SEAALL 2010 Annual Meeting
No full textSEAALL [Southeastern chapter, American Association of Law Libraries] moves around and it seemed to me that-- Richmond had had a couple of meetings, and they’re going all around the southeast. And I thought that we should, it was appropriate for Williamsburg to host it. And we did. The grunt work was done by Betta, Betta Labanish... I get to do the fun stuff. The whole staff got involved in various parts of the meeting... I’m quite certain it was the highest attended SEAALL meeting anywhere.” -- Jim Heller, former Law Library Director, on the 2010 annual meeting of SEAALL
After the Digital Revolution: Law Libraries in a World Turned Upside Down. Program, Southeastern Chapter of the American Association of Law Libraries (SEAALL) and Virginia Association of Law Libraries (VALL) Annual Meeting, April 2010. Wolf Law Library Archives, LSA.1779.003
In 2010, Wolf Law Library Director Jim Heller arranged for William & Mary Law School to host the annual meeting of two professional library associations, SEALL and VALL. Almost 200 people – a record number – attended the meeting at the Colonial Williamsburg convention center. The entire library staff contributed to planning the event, with much of the administrative work done by administrative assistant Betta Labanish. Uniquely among SEAALL events, the Williamsburg conference also featured a performance by Heller’s band, Winslow Ridge.
Listen to Jim Heller\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1003/thumbnail.jp
Elizabeth Andrews: Virginia Coastal Policy Clinic
No full textWhat really caught my eye was that the Virginia Coastal Policy Center was the only policy and law center in the region in a law school. It was not a litigation clinic; it was a policy center... So I could build trust with government agencies, NGOs, [the] private sector, and develop connections for our students and also develop more full-bodied, fully fleshed out solutions from consulting all sides. -- Elizabeth Andrews on joining the Virginia Coastal Policy Center as its director.
Council Spotlight Award, presented to the Virginia Coastal Policy Center by Hampton City Council in 2022. Wolf Law Library Archives, LSA.2013.001
Originally created as a clinic upon its inception in 2012, the Virginia Coastal Policy Center (VCPC) was re-named as a center shortly before Elizabeth Andrews arrived as its director in 2016. This award reflects the policy-focused mission of the VCPC that was unlike the litigation-focused clinics more commonly found at law schools. Its unique purpose helped Andrews develop stronger relationships with government agencies, NGOs, and the private sector to provide science- and research-based solutions to environmental issues faced by local governments like that of Hampton.
Listen to Elizabeth Andrews\u27s oral history online.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist-exhibit/1000/thumbnail.jp
The Longer-term Impact of Civil Justice Reform: A 10-Year Retrospective on Utah Civil Discovery Reform
No full textIn 2021, the National Center for State Courts (NCSC) obtained grant funding from State Justice Institute to undertake a retrospective study of the Utah civil justice reforms. The new study replicated some of the analyses from the 2015 study to compare case characteristics and outcomes against the post-implementation data extracted for the 2015 study. In addition to examining the impact on case characteristics and outcomes, an objective of the new study was to examine the impact of the Rule 26 revisions on practitioner behavior, which is less easily captured in case filings. To do so, NCSC convened a project advisory committee to help identify issues to explore and conducted focus groups with judges and lawyers. Those insights were incorporated in a survey distributed to attorneys who had filed civil cases in the district courts to test assertions about practitioner behavior in response to the changes. This report summarizes the data and methods employed in this retrospective study, key findings, and conclusions and recommendations for court leadership in Utah and in other states continuing to implement civil justice reforms.
This abstract has been taken from the authors\u27 introduction
The Unconstitutionality of Governor Youngkin\u27s Felon Re-Enfranchisement Scheme (or Lack Thereof): An Examination of \u3cem\u3eHawkins v. Youngkin\u3c/em\u3e\u27s Challenge to Virginia\u27s Current Felon Re-Enfranchisement Scheme
No full textThis Note argues that Governor Youngkin’s felon re-enfranchisement “scheme” violates the Constitution. Ultimately, I will be evaluating the argument made in Hawkins v. Youngkin, formerly known as Nolef Turns v. Youngkin, noting its strengths and its weaknesses. Part I describes both American history and Virginia’s specific history of denying people convicted of felonies their right to vote. It also details the Supreme Court case, Richardson v. Ramirez, in which the Court held that denying people convicted of a felony the right to vote is constitutional under the Equal Protection Clause. Part I also gives a brief history of recent progress that past Virginia governors have made to re-enfranchise people convicted of felonies. Next, Part II analyzes Governor Youngkin’s re-enfranchisement “scheme” and compares it to those of his predecessors. It also looks at the arguments made in Hawkins v. Youngkin and King v. Youngkin, two current legal actions against Governor Youngkin alleging that his felon re-enfranchisement scheme is unconstitutional. Part III proposes that his scheme is unconstitutional and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of what I believe to be the strongest argument supporting his scheme being unconstitutional, the legal argument being made in Hawkins v. Youngkin. Furthermore, Part III also recommends how the Hawkins’s argument could be strengthened for potential future litigation and distinguishes the facts of Hawkins from those of the landmark case Burdick v. Takushi. This Note concludes by reiterating that the facts of Hawkins v. Youngkin are distinguishable from Supreme Court precedent and that Governor Youngkin’s felon re-enfranchisement scheme, or lack thereof, is unconstitutional.
This abstract has been taken from the author\u27s introduction