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Design and Implementation of Power Management Algorithm for Efficient Operation of Fishing Vessel With Battery Integrated Hybrid Shaft Generator/Motor System
No full textIn today's maritime industry, energy-efficient operations on ships are gradually increasing in parallel with the decrease in battery prices, advancements in battery technology, and the desire to reduce carbon emissions. Hybrid shaft generator/motor (SG/M) systems are an alternative solution to further enhance energy efficiency by capturing and utilizing the excess power. This study presents a new advanced power management algorithm for a marine vessel equipped with a hybrid SG/M, battery, and internal combustion main engine (ME), including the peak shaving function. With the proposed algorithm, peak shaving is performed for both the ME and the ac grid, minimizing the impact of operational load variations on the ME and eliminating the need for additional diesel generators (DGs) to cope with overload and short-term load increases, thus reducing fuel consumption. Experimental investigations are conducted on a fishing vessel to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. The peak shaving capabilities of the ME, ac grid, and direct current (dc) link control performances are examined under different loading cases. The power flow capabilities and oscillation values confirm the performance and effectiveness of the proposed system.TUBITAK-TEYDEB [3200912]This work was supported by TUBITAK-TEYDEB under Project 3200912
Fe3O4 katkılı MoS2/PANI hibrit kompozitlerin bazı fiziksel özelliklerinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Malzeme Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Malzeme Mühendisliği Bilim DalıMalzemelerde elektromanyetik dalgaları absorbe eden sistemler, gizli uygulamalar ve hassas elektronik ekipmanlar için gereklidir. Bununla birlikte, EMW'yi geniş bir bant genişliği boyunca absorbe etme yeteneği, malzeme sistemleri ve mühendisliğindeki bazı sınırlamalarla hala sınırlıdır. Bant genişliğinin artırılması ve malzeme sistemi yansımalarının azaltılması, gelecekteki gizli teknolojilerin geliştirilmesi için çok önemli ilerlemelerdir. Bu çalışmada, yarı iletken MoS2 nano tabakaları, Fe3O4 manyetik nanopartiküller ve iletken polianilin kullanılarak hibrit yapılar geliştirilmiştir. Bu hibrit yapıların yapısal, manyetik, morfolojik, termal, elektronik ve elektromanyetik özelliklerini incelemek için sistematik bir yaklaşım kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, elektromanyetik dalgaları etkili bir şekilde absorbe edebilen Fe3O4:MoS2 ve PANI@Fe3O4:MoS2 hibrit yapılarının üstün EMW absorpsiyon özelliklerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle, F10M90 numunesi 3 mm kalınlıkta ve 7,86 GHz frekansta -54,97 dB'lik minimum yansıma kaybına ulaşmış ve 4,0 GHz'lik etkili bir soğurma aralığına sahip olmuştur. P50F2.5M47.5 numunesi 2 mm kalınlıkta ve 13,18 GHz frekansta -27,58 dB'lik minimum yansıma kaybına ulaşmış ve 8,03 GHz'lik etkili bir soğurma bant genişliğine sahip olmuştur. Deneysel bulgulara dayanarak, hafif yapıları ve yüksek sıcaklık kararlılıkları ile karakterize edilen PANI@Fe3O4:MoS2 gibi hibrit nanokompozitlerin geniş bant aralığında EMW'nin neredeyse %99'unu etkili bir şekilde absorbe edebildiği sonucuna varılmıştır.Systems for absorbing electromagnetic waves in materials are essential for stealth applications and vulnerable electronic equipment. However, the ability to absorb EMW over a large bandwidth is still limited by certain limitations in material systems and engineering. Increasing the bandwidth and reducing material system reflections are crucial advancements for the development of future stealth technologies. In this study, hybrid structures were developed using semiconducting MoS2 nanosheets, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and conductive polyaniline. A systematic approach was employed to examine the structural, magnetic, morphological, thermal, electronic, and electromagnetic properties of these hybrid structures. As a result of the analysis, Fe3O4:MoS2 and PANI@Fe3O4:MoS2 hybrid sturucture, which can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves, were found to have superior EMW absorption properties. In particular, The F10M90 sample achieved a minimum reflection loss of -54.97 dB at a thickness of 3 mm and a frequency of 7.86 GHz, with an effective absorption range of 4.0 GHz. The P50F2.5M47.5 sample achieved a minimum reflection loss of -27.58 dB at a thickness of 2 mm and a frequency of 13.18 GHz, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.03 GHz. Based on the experimental findings, it is concluded that hybrid nanocomposites such as PANI@Fe3O4:MoS2, which are characterized by their lightweight structure and high temperature stability, can effectively absorb almost 99% of the EMW in the broadband range
A comprehensive review of recent development in extraction and encapsulation techniques of betalains
No full textBetalains are attractive natural pigments with potent antioxidant activity, mainly extracted from the roots, tubers, leaves, flowers, and fruits of certain plants and some fungi. They constitute a reliable alternative to synthetic dyes used in the food industry and are considered toxic for consumers. In addition, there is convincing evidence of their health benefits for consumers. However, betalains are highly unstable to environment factors, such as light, heat, oxygen, water activity, and pH change which can be degraded during food processing, handling, storage, or delivery. Therefore, newly developed extraction methods and micro/nano-encapsulation techniques are currently applied to enhance the extraction yield, solve their instability problems, and improve their application in the food industry. This article aims to summarize the new advanced extraction methods of betalains, discussing the recent encapsulation techniques concerning the different encapsulating materials utilization. Betalains, natural pigments with potent antioxidant activity, are increasingly extracted from the roots, tubers, leaves, flowers, and fruits of certain plants and some fungi as safe alternatives to synthetic food dyes used in the food industry. However, their susceptibility to degradation during food processing, storage, and delivery poses challenges. Recent developments in extraction methods (e.g., supercritical fluid, pressurized liquid, ultrasound- and microwave-assisted, and enzyme-assisted) enhance betalain recovery, minimizing degradation. Encapsulation techniques using biopolymers, proteins, lipids, and nanoparticles protect betalains from environmental factors, extending shelf life and enabling controlled release. These advancements offer improved extraction efficiency, reduced solvent use, shorter processing times, and enhanced stability. Integration of these techniques in the food industry presents opportunities for incorporating betalains into various products, including functional foods, beverages, and dietary supplements. By addressing stability challenges, these developments support the production of innovative, healthier food items enriched with betalains. This article provides an overview of recent advancements in betalain extraction and encapsulation, highlighting their potential applications in the food industry. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Upgrading the Bioactive Potential of Hazelnut Oil Cake by Aspergillus oryzae under Solid-State Fermentation
No full textHazelnut oil cake (HOC) has the potential to be bioactive component source. Therefore, HOC was processed with a solid-state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus oryzae with two steps optimization: Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design. The variables were the initial moisture content (X-1: 30-50%), incubation temperature (X-2: 26-37 degrees C), and time (X-3: 3-5 days), and the response was total peptide content (TPC). The fermented HOC (FHOC) was darker with higher protein, oil, and ash but lower carbohydrate content than HOC. The FHOC had 6.1% more essential amino acid and benzaldehyde comprised 48.8% of determined volatile compounds. Fermentation provided 14 times higher TPC (462.37 mg tryptone/g) and higher phenolic content as 3.5, 48, and 7 times in aqueous, methanolic, and 80% aqueous methanolic extract in FHOC, respectively. FHOC showed higher antioxidant as ABTS(+) (75.61 mu mol Trolox/g), DPPH (14.09 mu mol Trolox/g), and OH (265 mg ascorbic acid/g) radical scavenging, and alpha-glucosidase inhibition, whereas HOC had more angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. HOC showed better water absorption while FHOC had better oil absorption activity. Both cakes had similar foaming and emulsifying activity; however, FHOC produced more stable foams and emulsions. SSF at lab-scale yielded more bioactive component with better functionality in FHOC.TUBIdot;TAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) [122R008]This work was financially supported by TUB & Idot;TAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) with the project number 122R008. This research was funded by TUB & Idot;TAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) grant number 122R008 and the APC was funded by the authors
Estimating local pavement performance and remaining service interval using neural networks-based models and automation tool
No full textThis study introduces an integrated approach to enhance county pavement management, emphasising operational efficiency in determining the Remaining Service Interval (RSI) for rigid and flexible pavements. It establishes a robust methodology for systematically processing raw county road data through dynamic segmentation and summarisation to create a structured pavement database. It also incorporates innovative approaches and input configurations in employing Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to predict current and future county pavement performance indicators, including International Roughness Index (IRI), rutting, transverse, and longitudinal cracks, even with limited data. Evaluation of the ANN models on independent county road databases exhibited high prediction accuracies (0.86 < R-2 < 0.99), varying with specific performance indicators. The study results in an automation tool for expediting road performance estimation over multiple years. This tool seamlessly integrates the ANN models, empowering county engineers to make data-driven decisions and optimise resource allocation for effective pavement management, achieving significant cost savings.Iowa Department of Transportation; Iowa Highway Research Board; Iowa County Engineers Service Bureau (ICEASB)The authors gratefully acknowledge the Iowa Highway Research Board and Iowa County Engineers Service Bureau (ICEASB) for supporting this study. The project technical advisory committee (TAC) members from ICEASB, including Lee Bjerke, Zach Gunsolley, Todd Kinney, Mark Nahra, John Riherd, Brad Skinner, Jacob Thorius, and Mark Murphy from Iowa DOT, are gratefully acknowledged for their guidance, support, and direction throughout the research. Special thanks are expressed to Steve De Vries and Danny Waid, who developed the original concept of this study. The authors would also like to express their sincere gratitude to other research team members from Iowa State University's Program for Sustainable Pavement Engineering & Research (PROSPER) for their assistance
Very Short-Term Prosumer Electric Load Forecasting Using Deep Learning-Based Techniques
No full text9th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE) -- JUL 02-06, 2024 -- Colmar, FRANCEIn recent years, owing to the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the modern electric distribution networks within the age of smart grid, the concept of consumer in the electricity markets has been evolved into the concept of prosumer which can be referred to as an individual who consumes and produces electricity. In order to maintain the crucial balance between the generation and consumption of electricity, prosumer electric load forecasting (PELF) has become a requisite for energy management and planning in today's microgrids. Deep learning (DL)-based techniques are frequently employed for forecasting the electric load that is nonstationary and affected by several factors such as seasonal effects, climatological conditions, and random effects. The aim of this paper is to present a benchmark regarding PELF of a household residing in the state of California, USA via using DL-based techniques, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN) and gated recurrent unit networks (GRU) within the very short-term horizon. In addition, hourly meteorological data belonging to the residential area has been obtained from Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) database of NASA. Consequently, the results of the paper unveiled that utilizing CNN achieved better performance for PELF in terms of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) by 13% and 8%, respectively. Furthermore, it is considered that there is a gap in the literature for PELF and this paper will bridge this gap along with guiding the potential researchers in the field.Student Assoc Energy,Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Student Branch Chapter,Assoc Energy Engineers Hungary Student Chapte
INNOVATIVE SYNERGIES IN AIRCRAFT PROPULSION: THE CONCEPT OF HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS WITH CONTRA-ROTATING PROPELLERS
No full text69th ASME Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition (ASME Turbo Expo) (GT) -- JUN 24-28, 2024 -- London, ENGLANDIn an era characterized by escalating emphasis on fuel economy and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions within the aerospace industry, this paper presents an innovative paradigm including the hybrid electric engine with contra-rotating propellers. This article unveils a pioneering technological achievement, exemplified by our patented invention registered under the identifier IB/2021/060538, which received a gold medal at the ICAN 2022 International Invention competition in Toronto, Canada, represents a noteworthy advancement in the domain of hybrid engine technology. It is imperative to acknowledge that the concept is currently in the conceptual design phase, necessitating further refinement to attain its maximum potential. The engine, characterized as a contrarotating propeller system, engenders an efficiency gain ranging from 6% to 16% relative to single-fuel engines, with one internal combustion engine providing half of the required power and the electric motor complementing the remaining share. This innovative system comprises two distinct configurations: a system with two electric motors and one fuel engine in which one of the electric engines is used as a backup engine. In case of user preference or fuel engine failure, the backup electric is engaged in place of the fuel engine. This paradigm-shifting innovation effectively changes the conventional internal combustion engine into a multi-engine anti-torque system, facilitating augmented thrust generation while simultaneously reducing fuel consumption by an impressive margin of 40% to 60% when compared with conventional engine models. Beyond its commendable fuel efficiency, the hybrid engine is characterized by a satisfactory level of reliability. This is related to the inclusion of a backup electric motor. In addition to the internal combustion engine, supporting the system with the ability to manage system failures and maintain power output even under emergency circumstances. Notably, the fundamental concept of the contra-rotating propeller system is not entirely novel, however, our innovative approach harmoniously synchronizes two electric motors, thereby containing the advantages inherent in the contra-rotating system with the reliability attributed to electric propulsion.Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Int Gas Turbine Inst,Ansys,Rolls Royce,Siemens,Honeywell,Coolbrook,GE Aerosp, Women Engn,NASA,Baker Hughes,Cadence,Safran,Softinway IncScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [123M222]This research is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the 1005 program, with project number [123M222]
Drug repurposing analysis with co-expressed genes identifies novel drugs and small molecules for bladder cancer
No full textBladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common malignancy in humans and has poor survival rates. Although there is extensive research on the diagnosis and treatment of BC, novel molecular therapies are essential due to tumor recurrence. In this study, we aim to identify repurposed drugs or small molecules of BC with multi-omics systems biology perspective. Gene expression datasets were statistically analyzed by comparing bladder tumor and normal bladder tissues and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. Co-expression network of common DEGs for BC was constructed and co-expressed module was found by using tumors and control bladder tissues. Using independent data, we demonstrated the high prognostic capacity of the module genes. Moreover, repurposed drugs or small molecules were predicted by using L1000CDS2 gene expression based-search engine tool. We found numerous drug candidates as 480743.cdx, MK-2206, Geldanamycin, PIK-90, BRD-K50387473 (XMD8-92), BRD-K96144918 (mead acid), Vorinostat, PLX-4720, Entinostat, BIX-01294, PD-0325901 and Selumetinib, that may be used in BC therapy. We report 480743.cdx, BRD-K50387473 (XMD8-92) and mead acid as novel drugs or small molecules that offer crucial step in translational cancer research of BC
Red Mud Ratio Effects on the Tribological Performance of Fly-Ash-Reinforced Bronze Matrix Brake Pad Material
No full textDifferent amounts of red mud (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) were added to bronze matrix brake pad material reinforced with 12% fly ash and then hot-pressed at 800 degrees C and 40 MPa for 5 min. Wear-friction tests were conducted to determine the friction coefficient and specific wear rate, which are important indicators for evaluating the performance of brake pad samples. For all samples, the hardness and density were determined, fractured surfaces and microstructures were examined, and transverse rupture strength (TRS) was calculated using a three-point bending test. The hardness values of the samples increased with increasing red mud content, and their density values slightly decreased. TRS values of the samples increased with up to 4% red mud addition, but decreased when above 4%, and the friction coefficient of the brake pad samples decreased with an increase in red mud content. Moreover, all samples containing red mud, except the sample containing 2% red mud, showed a lower specific wear rate than the bronze matrix brake pad material reinforced with 12% fly ash. The worn surfaces of the specimens were also examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a 3D optical profilometer.TUBITAK BIdot;DEB National Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship Program [122C219, 2218]This work was funded by the TUBITAK B & Idot;DEB 2218 National Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship Program (Project Number 122C219)
Decoding the Changes of Volatiles and Key Odorants of Fresh Garlic and Black Garlic Produced with Different Parameters by GC-MS-Olfactometry
No full textThe effects of production parameters on aroma compounds were elucidated by conducting a detailed comparison between fresh and black garlic samples, providing new insights that contribute to the existing body of literature on aroma compound analysis in garlic. A total of 113 aroma compounds were identified including sulfur compounds, aldehydes, ketones, pyrazines, furans, thiophenes, volatile alcohols, and acids. The aroma profile of the black garlic samples varied depending on factors such as temperature, humidity, and fermentation duration. The black garlic sample with the highest aroma quantity was the one produced at the lowest temperature, humidity, and duration. Additionally, a total of 34 aroma-active compounds that create the characteristic odor of fresh and black garlic samples were determined by GC-MS-O and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). The fresh garlic sample contained allyl methyl disulfide and diallyl disulfide, which are responsible for the characteristic garlic odor, while in the black garlic samples, furfuryl alcohol was found to be the most dominant aroma-active compound. The findings of this study will help better elucidate the impacts of production process parameters on the aroma and aroma-active profiles of black garlic.T?rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu [TOVAG 219O174]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)This research study was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) (Project number: TOVAG 219O174). We would also like to thank Dr. Muharrem Keskin from Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkiye, for his editing