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The use of CRISPR-Cas-based systems in bacterial cell factories
No full textClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-Cas system has been the focus since its first introduction to genome editing research. It acts as an adaptive immune system in many prokaryotes by detecting and degrading viral/invasive DNA/RNA repurposed for targeted genome editing in various organisms, including bacterial species relevant to industrial biotechnology. Targeted genome editing in bacteria has been implemented for multiple purposes, such as method development, understanding knowledge of metabolic processes and improving the productivity of industrial products. With the increasing share of biotechnological products, bac-teria have been the subject in the field of genome editing.This review summarizes the immunological mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas systems, the variation in classification of CRISPR-Cas systems by highlighting their features and the current applications of CRISPR-based genome editing in industrially relevant bacteria. In addition, an extensive literature review focused on recent advances has been presented in bacterial species according to industrial significance.Manisa Celal Bayar University Scien- tific Research Projects [2020-123]Funding This study was funded by the Manisa Celal Bayar University Scien- tific Research Projects (2020-123)
A Novel Solid-State Transformer with Improved Flyback Converter Equipped with Quasi Z-Source Converter for Medium-Voltage Utility Grid
No full textThis paper introduces an enhanced solid-state transformer topology for a medium-voltage (MV) utility grid. The main objective of the current study is to develop an improved flyback converter equipped with a quasi z-source converter (qZ_iFC) having a high-voltage conversion capability for the integration of low-input voltage to the DC link of an MV modular multilevel converter (MMC). The system integrates the quasi z-source and flyback converters by operating their existing switches complementary. Furthermore, the high-gain qZ_iFC allows for a reduction in the rated voltage of the input, as well as the use of a high-frequency transformer (HFT) with a unity turns ratio that provides galvanic isolation between the input and the output ports. Thus, using an HFT just for isolation purposes without voltage gain improves the system efficiency. In addition, a controller for (i) qZ_iFC which is regulating complementary switches to prevent the shoot-through current from reaching the HFT resulting in saturation; and (ii) a controller for MMC to produce MV-level AC voltage for loads are suggested. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated for several operating conditions. Results show that the proposed SST smoothly performs the power flow between the ports during steady-state and transient conditions. The power flow capabilities and efficiency values validate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed system.Scientific Project Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University [21103002]; Transformator Elektromekanik Inc. RD CenterThis research was funded by Transformator Elektromekanik Inc. R & D Center. Also, this research was funded by the Scientific Project Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, grant number 21103002
Comparison of the effects of oven- and microwave-roasting on the physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of tomato seeds and oils
No full textThe tomato processing industry generates a significant amount of a by-product (pomace), which is a mixture of peels and seeds. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of conventional oven-roasting (at 120 & DEG;C, 150 & DEG;C, and 180 & DEG;C for 25 min) and innovative microwave-roasting (at 240, 388, and 536 W for 3 min) pretreatments on the physicochemical properties, fatty acid profiles, bioactive contents, and aroma profiles of tomato seeds and their hexane-extracted oils. The total flavonoids contents (TFCs) of the seeds decreased from 258.40 to 141.20 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) per kg after roasting. All roasting treatments improved the extractability of both & alpha;- and & gamma;-tocopherols. The amounts of total tocopherols in the seeds increased from 917.61 to 1256.25 mg kg(-1) after pretreatment. Luteolin was found to be the most abundant phenolic in seed oils, increasing from 10.68 to 91.72 mg kg(-1), followed by quercetin, ferulic acid, and catechin. Within each roasting technique, the ones treated at 150 & DEG;C and 338 W yielded the oils with the highest concentrations of aroma compounds, 418 and 92 mg kg(-1), respectively. The detrimental effect of microwave-roasting on these compounds was more pronounced. In conclusion, microwave-roasting at shorter times than conventional roasting produced tomato seed oils with well-preserved bioactive components and few unfavorable changes.Manisa Celal Bayar University; Adana Alparslan Tuerkes Science and Technology UniversityThe authors are grateful to the support from the Manisa Celal Bayar University and Adana Alparslan Tuerkes Science and Technology University
Premoš?ivanje granica, ubla?avanje siromaštva: uloga inozemnih doznaka
No full textThis paper examines the impact of international remittances on poverty. A three-stage least squares model is used to examine whether there is a two-way relationship between poverty and international remittances. Rising poverty levels create incentives for migration abroad, with immigrants sending remittances back to their country of origin, thereby reducing poverty. Higher household incomes are associated with a decline in poverty, while growing income inequality tends to exacerbate poverty. In addition, trade openness has a positive effect on international remittances, and in financially developed economies, official remittances flow more smoothly as transaction costs decline. By channeling international remittances, which are recognised as a stable source of financial support, into the accumulation of physical and human capital, they contribute to economic development and enhance their impact on poverty reduction. This study makes a notable contribution to the literature by using the latest comprehensive dataset and an econometric methodology. It also distinguishes the impact of international remittances on poverty using income group-specific and region-specific considerations
Global regularity for the 3D axisymmetric incompressible Hall-MHD system with partial dissipation and diffusion
No full textIn this paper, we study the Cauchy problem for the 3D incompressible axisymmetric Hall-MHD system with horizontal velocity dissipation and vertical magnetic diffusion. We obtain a unique global smooth solution of which in the cylindrical coordinate system the swirl velocity fields, the radial and the vertical components of the magnetic fields are trivial. This type of solution has been studied for the MHD system in [17], [16] and [15] and for the Hall-MHD system with total dissipation and diffusion in [11]. Some new and fine estimates are obtained in this paper to overcome the di?iculties raised from the Hall term and the loss of vertical velocity dissipation and horizontal magnetic diffusion. Finally we can show that the estimates ??u(t)?L? dt and ??b(t)?L? dt are finite in a priori way and hence obtainthe global well-posedness to the system under considered
Absorbing the entire X-band via conductive polymer polyaniline coated Y3Fe5O12/NiFe2O4 hybrid composites
No full textConductive polymer coated Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)/NiFe2O4 (NFO) hybrid radar absorbing composites were studied in this work. The magnetic YIG and NFO particles were synthesized by sol-gel method, and then covered with a conductive PANI polymer by in-situ polymerization technique. The structural and magnetic properties of produced particles and hybrid composites were studied by XRD, SEM and VSM measurements. The microwave property of the hybrid composites reinforced in the epoxy matrix was studied in the X-band frequency range. The electromagnetic wave absorbing bandwidth in the X-band increases with the content of YIG in the hybrid composites. A broadband radar absorbing has been observed in EPYN08 and EPYN10 hybrid composites having entire X-band with an absorption criterion of - 10 dB. The maximum reflection loss (RL) value was found as - 35.1 dB at 10.8 GHz frequency in EPYN06 sample. The nanocomposite structures formed by combining magnetic and dielectric materials show better electromagnetic wave absorption properties rather than the each components in the composites. Hence, the experimental results of hybrid composites may be a promising candidate for radar and defense vehicles due to their fully absorbing property in the X-band.Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Scientific Research Council [21103007]This work is supported by the Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Scientific Research Council under Project Number: 21103007
28 Şubat Post-Modern Darbesinin Ulusal ve Uluslararası Aktörleri
No full textTürkiye'de demokratik ilke ve uygulamalar 14 Mayıs 1950 seçimlerinden sonra henüz filizlenmeye başlamışken, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri’nin (TSK) 27 Mayıs 1960 tarihinde seçilmiş meşru hükümeti devirmek amacıyla yaptığı darbeyle ağır bir yara almıştır. Yeni kurulan devletin darbeler tarihine de milat oluşturan 27 Mayıs darbesi sonrasında, neredeyse her on yılda bir doğrudan-dolaylı, modern-post-modern ve başarılı- başarısız darbe ve darbe girişimleriyle Türkiye demokrasisi fetret dönemleri yaşamıştır. 28 Şubat post- modern darbesi de bu fetret dönemlerinden birisidir. Ancak post-modern darbesini diğer darbelerden ayıran temel farklılık Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri’nin doğrudan müdahalesi yerine “silahsız kuvvetler” olarak nitelendirdiği sivil unsurları kullanmasıdır. Özellikle 1990'lı yıllar boyunca siyasal ve yönetsel istikrarı sağlayacak hükümetlerin kurulamaması; ordu, medya, sermaye, bürokrasi, bölgesel ve küresel güçlerin sivil siyaset üzerindeki etkisini artırmasına sebep olmuştur. Tam da böylesi bir dönemde önce 1994 yerel seçimlerinde akabinde ise 1995 genel seçimlerinde büyük bir atılım gerçekleştiren Refah Partisi, Doğru Yol Partisi ile birlikte Refah-Yol hükümetini kurmayı başarmıştır. Necmettin Erbakan’ın başbakanlığında kurulan Refah-Yol hükümetinin güvenoyu almasıyla birlikte müesses nizama ters düşen iç ve dış politik söylem ve eylemleri, askeri ve sivil vesayet unsurları kadar küresel ve bölgesel etkiye sahip bazı ülkelerin tepkisini çekmiştir. Laik, Kemalist ve batılı değerler üzerinden “koruyucu ve kollayıcı” misyon üstlenen askeri ve sivil vesayet odakları, başbakan Erbakan’ın hassas ve teskin edici sözlerine rağmen hükümeti yıpratmak için yoğun bir psikolojik savaş başlatmıştır. Bu süreçte çeşitli sivil toplum kuruluşları, sendikalar, sermaye grupları, yargı mensupları, üniversiteler ve siyasi partiler TSK’nın öncülüğünde bira araya gelerek, Refah- Yol hükümetinin düşürülmesine kadar giden süreçte aktif rol almışlardır. Meşru hükümetin devrilmesiyle sonuçlanan ve üzerinden 26 yıl geçmesine rağmen yarattığı toplumsal travmaların tam olarak atlatılamadığı 28 Şubat post-modern darbesini ele alan bu çalışma, özelinde uzun yıllar şehir efsanesi olarak konuşulan darbenin ulusal ve uluslararası aktörlerinin sürece yönelik rollerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır
Effects of Ca substitution on magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in PrBa1-xCaxMn2O6 system
No full textIn this study, we have examined the effect of Ba substitution by Ca on the magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of PrBa1-xCaxMn2O6 (x = 0, 0.2 and 0.3) double perovskite manganites produced using sol-gel method. The samples were indexed in orthorhombic structure (with space group of Pbnm). The temperature-dependent magnetization, M(T), measurements indicate that all samples have a magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) state with increasing temperature. Curie temperature (T-C) decreases with increasing Ca content in the main lattice. From the magnetic field dependence of magnetization measurements, M(H), maximum magnetic entropy change (-Delta S-M(max)) values were calculated as 4.07, 4.12, and 5.04 Jkg(-1)K(-1) under 5 T for PrBaCaMn2O6, PrBa0.8Ca0.2Mn2O6, and PrBa0.7Ca0.3Mn2O6 samples, respectively. Relative cooling power (RCP) values below 5 T were determined as 214.16, 227.14 and 279.62 Jkg(-1) based on the increasing Ca content. The -Delta S-M(max) and RCP values enhance with increasing Ca content, respectively. The nature of the phase transition, checked by Banerjee criterion and Franco's universal master curves, was found to be second order magnetic phase transition (SOMT).TUBITAK (The Scientific and Techno- logical Research Council of Turkey) [120M409]Funding This work is supported by the TUBITAK (The Scientific and Techno- logical Research Council of Turkey) under grant contract no 120M409
YAŞLANMA ÇALIŞMALARINDA YÖNTEMSEL SORUNLAR: TEMEL KAVRAMLAR VE ÖRNEKLER
No full textGelişim bilimin odak noktası, döllenmeden ölüme kadar olan süreçteki biyolojik, bilişsel ve sosyo-duygusal gelişimin yaşla birlikte nasıl bir örüntü izlediğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bununla birlikte, gelişimin ağırlıklı olarak çocukluk ve ergenlik döneminde ortaya çıktığına dair yaygın inanış nedeniyle yaşlanma alanı ile ilgili bilimsel çalışmalar uzun yıllar boyunca ihmal edilmiştir. Buna karşın, günümüzde gittikçe daha fazla sayıdaki araştırmacı çalışmalarının örneklem grubuna yaşlı bireyleri dâhil etmiş ve dolayısıyla bu alandaki çalışmaların sayısı her geçen gün artmıştır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle değişken türleri ile ilgili bilgi verildikten sonra, yaşlanma araştırmalarında kullanılan ölçüm yöntemleri ile araştırma desenlerine değinilmiş, örnekler ile temel kavram ve konuların bir özeti sunulmuştur. Daha spesifik olarak, bu çalışmada öncelikle bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler ile birlikte aracı ve düzenleyici değişkenler tanımlanarak ölçüm yöntemlerine (örneğin sistematik gözlem) değinilmiştir. Daha sonra ise tanımlayıcı, ardışık ve ilişkisel desenler hakkında bilgi sunularak avantajları ve dezavantajları ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada verilen örneklerin ve sunulan araştırma bulgularının özellikle yaşlanma çalışmalarından olmasına önem verilmiştir
Stock price prediction using improved extreme learning machine methods during the Covid-19 pandemic and selection of appropriate prediction method
No full textPurpose Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has created uncertainty in all countries around the world, resulting in enormous human suffering and global recession. Because the economic impact of this pandemic is still unknown, it would be intriguing to study the incorporation of the Covid-19 period into stock price prediction. The goal of this study is to use an improved extreme learning machine (ELM), whose parameters are optimized by four meta-heuristics: harmony search (HS), social spider algorithm (SSA), artificial bee colony algorithm (ABCA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) for stock price prediction. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the activation functions and hidden layer neurons of the ELM were optimized using four different meta-heuristics. The proposed method is tested in five sectors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test were used to compare the prediction methods. First, ANOVA was applied to the test data for verification and validation of the proposed methods. Duncan's multiple range test was used to identify a suitable method based on the ANOVA results. Findings The main finding of this study is that the hybrid methodology can improve the prediction accuracy during the pre and post Covid-19 period for stock price prediction. The mean absolute percent error value of each method showed that the prediction errors of the proposed methods were all under 0.13106 in the worst case, which appears to be a remarkable outcome for such a difficult prediction task. Originality/value The novelty of this study is the use of four hybrid ELM methods to evaluate the automotive, technology, food, construction and energy sectors during the pre and post Covid-19 period. Additionally, an appropriate method was determined for each sector