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Considering the development levels of countries, contributions of mineral recovery from mining tailings and urban mining wastes to sustainability criteria – A review
No full textThe need for a sustainable mining waste management/legislation and mineral recovery from tailings is increasing day by day in the world. There is a need to draw a perspective for mining companies and public authorities & Sustainable Development Organizations (SDOs) on the sustainable recovery of mine waste from both mining operations and urban mining. Although there are many publications in the literature on mineral recovery from mine wastes, there is a lack of a study that will respond to the information needs of public authorities & SDOs in terms of both mining enterprises and urban mining sector on sustainable mineral recovery by covering the latest developments in the world and making the distinction between waste and tailing. Considering this deficiency in the literature, this study firstly emphasizes the on-site mitigation of mine wastes and their environmental impacts, and briefly discusses mine wastes & tailings dams in the mining process. Then, the mitigation of negative environmental impacts in landfills and the feasibility of mineral recovery from mining tailings and urban mining wastes are evaluated. Finally, the objective of mineral recovery in the context of sustainable development and legislative efforts are discussed. The results of the study are as follows: The wastes generated as a result of mining operations have increased worldwide. These mine wastes are used to recycle mines. The necessity and nature of the recovery of minerals from wastes necessitates the efficient management of these wastes. At this point, there is a need for effective and up-to-date mining waste legislation, incentives and practices to ensure an sustainable mining waste management and optimum mineral recovery from mining tailings. The categories of “mineral recovery from mining tailings” and “mineral recycling from urban mining waste” were compared by assigning an estimated score out of ten, considering the level of development of the countries and the characteristics of the categories. In this comparison, the contribution/relationships of the activities in these categories to different sustainability criteria are shown and in-text citations are considered in the scoring. By considering these contribution levels or lack thereof, countries with different levels of development in different geographies around the world can develop their mineral waste management and mineral recovery policies in much more detail, considering their mineral requirements and waste inventories. This study may contribute to less mineral waste generation and cleaner, more efficient, and sustainable mineral recovery in mining operations, thanks to the awareness it will create for mining companies and public authorities & SDOs. This study serves as a guide for SDOs and countries’ policymakers & mining sector on mineral recovery from waste in countries. © 2024 Elsevier Lt
A novel distance-based moving average model for improvement in the predictive accuracy of financial time series
No full textTime-series forecasting is essential for system analysis. Many traditional studies have paid attention to individual stock-oriented solutions and disregarded general approaches on financial time series or skipped the dynamics of the system and its triggering components. It is difficult to fully adapt to evolving market conditions with stable financial indicators. For this reason, the proposed novel distance-based exponential moving-average (DBEMA) model is dynamically designed to overcome the changing conditions of financial time series. A novel distancebased moving-average feature model can produce an adaptive prediction approach for financial time series. To evaluate the impact of the novel proposed DBEMA features, they are compared to the features selected by recursive feature elimination using classification and regression trees among the financial indicators, using benchmark classification models. To confirm the performance of the proposed novel distance-based movingaverage features, the forecasting results of the features are compared using linear regression, bagged trees regressor, Gaussian naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbors, random forests, multilayer perceptron, convolutional neural network, long short-term memory, gated recurrent unit, and relative strength index method benchmark models. The experimental analysis has shown that methods with our proposed novel DBEMA features has better forecasting accuracy with respect to the methods without DBEMA. Therefore, the proposed novel distance-based moving-average methodology designed for financial time-series analysis demonstrates that it guides a new perspective in nonlinear time-series trends
Phytochemical, Pharmacological, Phyto-cosmeceutical, Toxicity, and In silico Toxicological Evaluations of Vernonia amygdalina Delile – A Review
No full textVernonia amygdalina Delile, which is in the Asteraceae family, is used as food and medicine all over the world, especially in Africa and Asia. This review reports the phytochemical, ethnopharmacological, phyto-cosmeceutical, and toxicological potentials of the plant. Recent scientific exploration of the plant has mainly focused on both its nutritional potential and ethnopharmacological properties. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, hematological, anti-plasmodial, antimicrobial, anticancer, neurological, cosmeceutical, and other pharmacological values of V. amygdalina continue to be extensively explored. Many empirical studies of the therapeutic potential of the plant have attributed the ethnomedicinal properties of the plant to its phytochemical constituents, which include glycosides, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, etc. Compounds obtained from the leaves, root, stem, and flowers, which include vemoniosides, vernoamyosides, vernoniamyosides, vernoniosides, vernolide, vernodalol, vernodalin, vernomenin, vernomygdin, vernodalinol, epivernodalol, vernolepin, coumarins, luteolin, edotides, etc. have been identified as bioactive constituents responsible for numerous pharmacological activities of the plant. In addition, the toxicological evaluation of the plant revealed that it is safe for consumption at relatively high concentrations
Preservation of fruits through drying-A comprehensive review of experiments and modeling approaches
No full textA significant part of the world's population still has problems in accessing food. The growing world population will exacerbate this issue in the future. Innovative studies conducted in this field play a crucial role in addressing the issue of drying and storage of foods. Atmospheric drying methods, such as rotary, tunnel, conveyor, cabinet, tower, and kiln dryers, offer advantages in relation to high production capacities, cost-effective initial setup, and economical operating conditions. However, concurrently, the weaknesses of these methods arise from factors such as drying duration, uneven moisture content, and space requirements. The solar dryer method is especially effective in dehydrating agricultural products, offering an energy-saving advantage compared to other methods. However, it is important to note that this approach, which involves exposing crops to direct sunlight, comes with several drawbacks affecting both food quality and health. In cases where the quality of highly valued foodstuffs is crucial, subatmospheric drying methods like vacuum, freeze, and microwave freeze are typically preferred. However, the primary drawback of this approach lies in its high operating costs, particularly in terms of energy consumption. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used for predictive modeling, helping to forecast drying behavior and optimize process parameters in food drying applications especially nonlinear connections among variables. ANNs are adept at managing nonlinearities, offering a more precise depiction of the intricate interactions within food drying systems. This review examines articles from the last 5 years in the literature, synthesizing research conducted in food drying. The findings indicate a predominant interest among researchers in methodologies with lower environmental impact, prompting increased attention to studies addressing this aspect. There is a notable emphasis on the frequent exploration of energy-efficient systems. The ongoing research focuses on the development of methods utilizing ultrasonic, infrared radiation, and electrohydrodynamic techniques to achieve more effective, shorter-duration, energy-efficient drying processes with enhanced control over the final product. This study addresses global food access challenges, highlighting the impact of population growth. It explores atmospheric and subatmospheric drying methods, emphasizing the effectiveness of solar drying for energy savings. The review delves into artificial neural networks for predictive modeling in food drying, revealing a growing interest in environmentally friendly and energy-efficient drying techniques, including ultrasonic, infrared radiation, and electrohydrodynamic methods for improved control and shorter durations. imageAdana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Turkey, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Pakistan; University of Alberta, CanadaAll authors are thankful to Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Turkey, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Pakistan and University of Alberta, Canada for their support for the preparation of this manuscript
Comparison of rainbow trout/Turkish salmon (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) growed in waters with different characteristics (Fresh water and sea water) in terms of quality and nutritional value
No full text11.01.2025 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır.Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Gıda Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada, farklı özellikteki sularda (tatlı su ve deniz) yetiştirilen 1 kg üzeri gökkuşağı alabalığı/Türk somonu (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ile Atlantik somonunun (Salmo salar) besin değerleri, yağ asidi kompozisyonları ve kalitesi karşılaştırılmıştır. Türk somonunun Atlantik somonu ile benzerliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde yetiştirilen Türk somonunun Atlantik somonuna göre daha yüksek yağ, enerji, selenyum ve fosfor içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Grupların yağ asidi kompozisyonları balık yağında ve balık etinde analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, günlük referans alım oranlarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Karadeniz'de denizde ve tatlı suda yetiştirilen Türk somonu ile Norveç'te yetiştirilen Atlantik somonu balık etleri için MUFA %13.71, %13.43, %8.17, PUFA %6.31, %4.97, %3.62, SFA %6.62, %5.79, %2.21, omega-3 %2.01, %1.65, %1.54, omega-6 %4.30, %3.32, %2.08, ALA %0.73, %0.67, %0.56, EPA+DHA %1.28, %0.98, %0.85 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Atlantik somonunda omega-3/omega-6 oranının beslenme rehberlerine göre daha dengeli olduğu, Türk somonlarının Atlantik somonu gibi ağır metal içermediği ve Türk somonlarının renk değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Denizde ve tatlı suda yetiştirilen Türk somonlarında istatistiksel olarak farklılıklar olsa da yemleme rejimine bağlı olarak bu iki türün birbirinin yerine geçebileceği, Atlantik somonuyla karşılaştırıldığında ise Türk somonlarının Atlantik somonuna ekonomik bir sağlıklı beslenme alternatifi oluşturabileceği görülmüştür.The nutritional content, fatty acid composition, and quality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout/Turkish salmon (Oncorhynchus mykiss) over 1 kg farmed in freshwater and marine environments were compared in this work. The goal was to ascertain how Turkish and Atlantic salmon were similar. It was discovered that Turkish salmon farmed in the Black Sea region had more levels of fat, energy, selenium, and phosphorus than Atlantic salmon. Fish oil and fish fillet were used to examine the fatty acid contents of the groups. The evaluation of the results was based on the daily reference intake rates. For the fillet of Turkish Salmon farmed in the Black Sea, in freshwater and also sea and Atlantic Salmon farmed in Norway; MUFA %13.71, %13.43, %8.17, PUFA %6.31, %4.97, %3.62, SFA %6.62, %5.79, %2.21, omega-3 %2.01, %1.65, %1.54, omega-6 %4.30, %3.32, %2.08, ALA %0.73, %0.67, %0.56, EPA+DHA %1.28, %0.98, %0.85. It was noted that Turkish salmon had higher color values and did not contain heavy metals like Atlantic salmon. Additionally, the omega-3/omega-6 ratio in Atlantic salmon was found to be more balanced in accordance with dietary standards. When compared to Atlantic salmon, Turkish salmon can be a more affordable, healthier food option. While statistical differences exist between Turkish salmon farmed in freshwater and seawater, it has been noted that these two species can be interchanged depending on the feeding regimen
Bulanık bütünleşik ÇKKV yöntemleri kullanılarak gelecekteki pandemiler için sahra hastanesi yer seçimi
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalıİnsanoğlu binlerce yıldır deprem, sel, salgın hastalıklar, volkanik patlamalar gibi pek çok doğal afetle mücadele etmiştir. Bu doğal afetler arasında salgın hastalıklar yüzlerce insanın ölümüne neden olmuştur. Kara Ölüm olarak da bilinen Veba salgınından domuz gribine ve günümüzde COVID-19 pandemisine kadar pek çok salgın hastalık çok geniş bir alanda etkisini göstererek toplumları derinden etkilemiştir. Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan COVID-19 pandemisinin hızla yayılmasından dolayı dünya çapında birçok hastane kapasitelerini aşarak yetersiz kalmıştır. Bazı ülke yetkilileri bu soruna çözüm üretmek için salgın sırasında sahra hastaneleri inşa etmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında, küreselleşen dünyada gelecekte artması öngörülen pandemiler için sahra hastanesi yer seçimi problemi ele alınmış ve Adana'da gerçek bir vaka çalışması yapılmıştır. Yöneylem araştırmasının konularından biri olan yer seçimi problemi, birden fazla birbiriyle çelişen kriter ve sınırlı sayıda alternatif içerdiğinden, bu tür problemleri çözmek için Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) bilinen en etkili klasik yöntemlerden biridir. Bu klasik yöntemler gerçek yaşamdaki belirsiz ve kesin olmama durumlarını ele almada yetersiz kaldığından, bu yöntemlerin insan yargılarını dikkate alan bulanık versiyonlarına göre karar almak daha gerçekçi olacaktır. Bu nedenle bu tez çalışmasında sahra hastanesi yer seçimi probleminin çözümü için bulanık FUCOM & bulanık MARCOS modeli önerilmiştir. Kriter ağırlıkları bulanık FUCOM yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Ardından alternatif lokasyonlar bulanık MARCOS yöntemi ile sıralanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre en iyi alternatif lokasyonun TÜYAP Adana Fuar ve Kongre Merkezi Çevresi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda önerilen modelin doğruluğunu ve geçerliliğini test etmek amacıyla duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır.For thousands of years, human beings have struggled with many natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, epidemics, and volcanic eruptions. Among these natural disasters, epidemics have caused the death of hundreds of people. Many epidemics, from the plague epidemic, also known as the Black Death to the Swine flu and today to the COVID-19 pandemic, have affected societies deeply by affecting a wide range of areas. Due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which arised from Wuhan, China in December 2019, many hospitals around the world have exceeded their capacity and insufficient. Authorities of some countries have built field hospitals during the pandemic to find a solution to this problem. In this thesis study, field hospital location selection problem for pandemics that are predicted to increase in the future in the globalizing world was discussed and a real case study was conducted in Adana. Since the location selection problem, which is one of the topics of operations research, involves multiple conflicting criteria and a limited number of alternatives, Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is one of the most effective classical methods known to solve such problems. Since these classical methods are insufficient to handle uncertain and imprecise situations in real life, it may be more realistic to make decisions based on fuzzy versions of these methods that take into account human judgments. Thus, in this study, a fuzzy FUCOM & fuzzy MARCOS model was suggested to solve the field hospital location selection problem. The weights of the criteria were calculated with the fuzzy FUCOM method. The alternative locations were then ranked with the fuzzy MARCOS method. According to the analysis results, it was determined that the best alternative location was TUYAP Adana Fair and Congress Center Surrounding. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the accuracy and validity of the proposed model
İnsan serumundan L-prolin tespiti için L-prolin spesifik nanopartiküllerin tasarlanması
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyomühendislik Ana Bilim Dalı, Biyomühendislik Bilim DalıAmino asitlerin tespiti ve miktarının belirlenmesi gibi süreçler, özellikle metabolik bozuklukların teşhisinde biyokimyasal analizlerde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu amino asitler arasında, L-Prolin'in, özellikle insanlarda çeşitli metabolik bozukluklarla önemli bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hiperprolinemi, L-prolin molekülünün prolin oksidaz veya pirolin-5 karboksilat dehidrogenaz enzimlerindeki eksiklikler nedeniyle etkili bir şekilde parçalanamadığı durumlarda ortaya çıkan bir metabolik bozukluktur, böylece vücut içinde L-Prolin birikmesine neden olur. Hiperprolinemiye sahip bireylerde, kan ve idrarda L-Prolin seviyelerinde belirgin bir artış gözlemlenir, bu da vücut sıvılarında bu seviyelerin doğru bir şekilde ölçülmesinin ve izlenmesinin önemini vurgular. Proteinler, peptitler, amino asitler, iyonlar, vb. hedef moleküllerin yüksek seçicilikle karmaşık ortamlarda tanınma zorluğuna çözüm olarak, moleküler kalıplama, bu işi tek bir adımda başaran güvenilir bir teknik olarak öne çıkar. Bu tez çalışmasında, L-Prolin molekülünü seçici bir şekilde tanıyabilen moleküler baskılanmış nanopartiküller sentezlenmiştir. Hidroksietil metakrilat (HEMA) tabanlı nanopartiküller, emülsiyon polimerizasyon tekniği kullanılarak sentezlenmiştir ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu, zeta-sizer parçacık boyutu analizi, yüzey alanı hesaplamaları ve Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Zeta-sizer analizi sonuçlarına göre, Pro-MIP ve NIP nanopartiküllerin çapları sırasıyla yaklaşık 27.51 nm ve 20.66 nm olarak belirlendi. L-Prolin'in sulu çözeltilerden nanopartiküllere adsorpsiyonu batch sistemde incelendi ve maksimum L-Prolin adsorpsiyon kapasitesi Pro-MIP için 26.58 mg/g, NIP için ise 4.65 mg/g olarak belirlendi. L-Prolin baskılanmış nanopartiküllerin seçiciliği, yarışmacı moleküller (L-Histidin ve L-Fenilalanin) varlığında Sıvı Kromatografi-İkinci Kütle Spektrometrisi (LC-MS/MS) kullanılarak başarıyla doğrulandı. Son olarak, Pro-MIP'ler tekrarlanan adsorpsiyon-desorpsiyon döngülerine tabi tutuldu ve Pro-MIP'lerin seçici adsorpsiyon kapasitesinde önemli bir azalma olmadan 10 kez kullanılabileceği gösterildi.Processes such as the detection and quantification of amino acids hold significant importance in biochemical analyses, particularly in the diagnosis of metabolic disorders. Among these amino acids, L-Proline has been identified as having significant relevance to various metabolic disorders in living organisms, particularly in human. Hyperprolinemia is a metabolic disorder that arises when the L-proline molecule is not effectively broken down due to deficiencies in proline oxidase or pyrroline-5 carboxylate dehydrogenase enzymes, resulting in an accumulation of L-Proline within the body. In individuals with Hyperprolinemia, there is a noticeable increase in L-Proline levels in both blood and urine, underlining the importance of accurately measuring and monitoring these levels in body fluids. To address the challenge of recognizing target molecules, such as proteins, peptides, amino acids, or ions, in complex environments with high selectivity, molecular imprinting emerges as a dependable technique that accomplishes this in a single step. In this study, molecularly imprinted nanoparticles that can selectively recognize the L-Proline molecule were synthesized. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based nanoparticles were synthesized via emulsion polymerization technique and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, zeta-sizer particle size analysis, surface area calculations, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on zeta-sizer analysis, the estimated diameters of Pro-MIP and NIP nanoparticles were determined to be approximately 27.51 nm and 20.66 nm, respectively. The adsorption of L-Proline onto nanoparticles from aqueous solutions was investigated in a batch system, and the maximum L-Proline adsorption capacity was determined to be 26.58 mg/g for Pro-MIP and 4.65 mg/g for NIP. The selectivity of L-Proline imprinted nanoparticles was successfully confirmed via Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), in the presence of competing molecules (L-Histidine and L- Phenylalanine). Finally, Pro-MIPs were subjected to repeated adsorption-desorption cycles and it was demonstrated that Pro-MIPs can be used up to 10 times without significant decrease in selective adsorption capacity
The effects of annealing temperature on the thickness, morphology, band gap energy, and photocatalytic performance of ZIF-8-derived ZnO/TiO2 thin films
No full textMulti-oxide photocatalytic materials derived from metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are attracting widespread attention in recent years. The heterostructure originating from oxide-oxide junctions and nonmetal doping due to the combustion of organics from MOFs provide desirable properties to the photocatalytic material. In this study, the effects of annealing temperature on the material properties and photocatalytic activity of ZIF-8-derived ZnO/TiO2 thin films were investigated. XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses confirmed the oxidation of ZIF-8 to ZnO and SEM analysis revealed the formation of a porous structure at the annealing temperature of 500 degrees C. UV-Vis analysis indicated that the band gap energy decreased from 3.23 to 2.04 eV with increasing annealing temperature. Photocatalytic methylene blue degradation experiments showed that the thin film annealed at 500 degrees C had higher activity than the films annealed at lower temperatures. The thin film annealed at 500 degrees C had more than two times the dye degradation efficiency of the film annealed at 400 degrees C (72% and 33%, respectively). This film was also active in the photocatalytic degradation of caffeic acid which is a colorless pollutant. The high photocatalytic activity of the thin film annealed at higher temperature was attributed to its narrower band gap energy, higher porosity, and more efficient electron-hole separation, which are due to the presence of heterostructure, nonmetal doping, and deficient zones formed by the oxidation of imidazole rings.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK); Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Scientific Research Coordination Unit, Turkiye [19103015]; TUBIdot;TAK 2210-C National MSc/MA Scholarship Program in the Priority Fields in Science and Technology, TurkiyeOpen access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK). This study was supported by Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Scientific Research Coordination Unit, Turkiye. Project Number: 19103015. Onur & Idot;loglu was supported by TUB & Idot;TAK 2210-C National MSc/MA Scholarship Program in the Priority Fields in Science and Technology, Turkiye
Time series analysis of sea surface temperature change in the coastal seas of Turkiye
No full textSea surface temperature (SST) is a crucial geophysical parameter in assessing heat exchange between the air and sea surface. Changes in SST and its accurate prediction play a pivotal role in explaining the global heat balance, determining atmospheric circulations, and constructing global climate models. This work aims to reveal a model for one-month-ahead forecasting of SST time series data along the Turkiye coasts, encompassing the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara, and Black Seas, and their long-term future forecast. A long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models are used for this purpose. The ECMWF ERA5 (0.5(o)x0.5 degrees) monthly SST dataset spanning the years 1970-2023 is used for model development. The results obtained from the LSTM and SARIMA models show that there will be an increasing trend in SSTs along these seacoasts until 2050. The SST measurements of 23.4 degrees C, 20.2 degrees C, 17.0 degrees C, and 16.6 degrees C recorded along the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara, and Black Seas in 2023 are expected to rise to 25.1 degrees C, 21.9 degrees C, 18.1 degrees C, and 18.8 degrees C, respectively, by 2050. These figures indicate an increase of 7.3%, 8.4%, 6.5%, and 13.3% in the SST values across these coastal seas over the next quarter century
Can the Scope of Secularization Theory Be Expanded Beyond the Modern-Christian-West? Exploring the Alevi Experience in Turkey
No full textThis study asserts that the secularization theory has the potential to offer insights into the processes of social change experienced by faith groups outside the modern West. The study focuses on the transformation undergone by Alevi groups in Turkey, who are now experiencing a more modern way of life compared to their past. In this qualitative study, data collection was conducted through semistructured interviews during field studies in the cities of & Ccedil;orum (Turk Alevis) and Tunceli/Dersim (Zaza/Kurd Alevis). Based on the interview findings, the study concludes that the new Alevi generation leads a more modern and at the same time more secular daily life compared to their parents. Therefore, the main assertion of this research is that the classical secularization theory has the potential to provide valuable insights not only for modern societies where Christianity is dominant but also for understanding the transformations occurring within Alevi communities in Turkey