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Content-Based Instruction in The Preparatory Program of an English-Medium University: Reflections & Practices
No full textIn English preparatory programs of English medium instruction (EMI) universities, it is significant to give content-based instruction to students related to their majors. By doing so, students can both improve in English and increase their knowledge and experience in their field of study and become more prepared for their future studies. On the other hand, it is not so common in the tertiary-level English preparatory programs in Türkiye to arrange curricula related to students’ majors. This study aims to integrate translation-related training and practices into the preparatory program of Translation and Interpreting major students studying at an English-medium university through a project-based framework and test the perceived effectiveness of these applications through students’ reflection papers and translation outcomes. The data analyzed by qualitative content analysis show that integrating meaningful and purposeful content related to the students’ majors into English preparatory programs may lead to a productive process serving students’ needs. Keywords: Content-based instruction, English preparatory programs, English-medium instruction (EMI), Tertiary-level education, Translation in English language teachin
Changes in the aroma and key odorants from white garlic to black garlic using approaches of molecular sensory science: A review
No full textBlack garlic is a relatively new product that has become very popular in recent years. It is obtained by fermenting raw (white) garlic by the application of heat treatment. The undesirable pungent odor of the white garlic disappears and the black garlic product with a sweet-sour flavor is formed after various reactions during the applied heat process. As a result, black garlic is more preferred and easily consumed by the consumers compared to white garlic. This review aims to summarize the studies on the changes in the odorants during the heat treatment employed in the production of black garlic as well as the factors affecting the changes in the aroma and aromaactive compounds and the use of molecular sensory science (MSS) approach, which has been applied in recent years as a new method for the determination of the aroma compounds. This work revealed that the use of the MSS on the aroma changes in black garlic is quite limited in the literature. Thus, more studies are needed to understand the aroma changes that occur during the formation of black garlic from white garlic in more detail
Firefly-Based feature selection algorithm method for air pollution analysis for Zonguldak region in Turkey
No full textAir pollution in cities is a serious environmental issue. In Turkey, the air quality index values of the measurement stations are calculated according to European Union standards. There are many kinds of measurement parameters (features) and 6 different kinds of air quality classes according to measurement stations in Turkey. Non-valuable features can be eliminated effectively with feature selection methods without any performance loss in classification. This study aims to investigate, analyze and implement a feature selection method using the FireFly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) approach. In the study, data from measurement stations for the Zonguldak region, which is known as the most polluted region in Turkey, are obtained and analyzed. Along with the acquired data, new features have been added such as day type day slots and the Covid19 feature since it is thought that curfew restrictions have an impact on air quality. The results were compared with a filter-based feature selection algorithm namely ReliefF. Experimental results show that FOA based feature selection method outperforms the ReliefF method at classification using the Random Forest classifier for air pollution even if with a fewer number of features. The Macro averaged F-score of the data set is increased from 0.685 to 0.988 using the FOA-based feature selection method. © Author(s) 2023
Comparison of the guidelines and forms used in grant projects in turkey with PMI standards: An example of development agencies
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Etki Değerlendirme Çalışmaları Ana Bilim Dalı, Proje Yönetimi Bilim DalıÜlkemizde son yıllarda proje yönetimi alanında önemli gelişmeler yaşanmaktadır. Özellikle mühendislik, bilişim gibi alanlarda sıkça kullanılmaya ve akademik anlamda incelenmeye başlayan proje yönetimi kavramı sosyal bilimler alanında ne yazık ki yeterli ilgiyi görmemiştir. Ülkemizde ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel, eğitim ve turizm gibi alanlarda gelişmeyi sağlayacak projeler yapılmaktadır. AB (Avrupa Birliği), TÜBİTAK, Bakanlıklar, Kalkınma Ajansları gibi farklı kurum ve kuruluşların hibe destekleriyle projeler yürütülmekte ve bunlara her yıl çok önemli miktarda bütçe aktarılmaktadır. Projelerin fikir aşamasından başlayarak planlama, yürütme, kontrol ve kapanış adımlarının da özenli ve belirli standartlara uygun olarak sürdürülmesi oldukça önemlidir. Çünkü doğru planlanmayan bir projede uygulama aşamasında önemli sorunlar yaşanması muhtemeldir. Karşılaşılan ve doğru çözülemeyen her bir sorun projenin uzamasına, maliyetlerin artmasına ve daha birçok soruna sebep olacaktır. Proje yönetimi standartları denince dünyada belirli örnekler karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bunlardan en çok kabul göreni ve ülkemizde de yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan PMI (Project Management Institute) tarafından belirlenen standartlardır. Bu bakımdan bu çalışmada hibe destek programlarında kullanılan proje formları ve proje rehberleri incelenerek bunların PMI standartları ile benzerliği tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Kalkınma Ajansları tarafından hibe programlarında kullanılan başvuru formları, başvuru rehberleri ve bunlara yönelik ek belgeler incelenmiştir. Proje Hazırlama Rehberi ve proje formları ile PMI'nın belirlediği standartlar arasında iş kırılım yapılarının detaylandırılması, kilometre taşlarının belirlenmesi gibi bazı noktalarda farklılıklar olduğu görülmüştür.In Turkey, there have been important developments in the field of project management in recent years. The concept and features of project management which have been frequently used in numerical fields such as engineering and informatics and studied academically, have unfortunately lagged behind in the fields of social sciences. In addition there are projects that will enable development in areas such as econımic, social, cultural, education and tourism in oor country. Projects are carried out with the support of different intitutions and organizations such as the EU(European Union), TUBITAK, ministries, Municipalities, Development Agencies and a very significant amount of money is invested each year. For this reason, it is very important that planning, execution, control and termination steps of the grant projects, starting from the idea stage, are carried out meticulously and in accordance with certain standards. Because in a project that is not planned correctly, there will be important problems in the implementation phase. Each problem encountered and not solved corrcly will lead to prolongation or the project, increase in cost and many other problems. When it comes to project management standards, there are certain examples in the world. The most accepted and widely used in our country and world are the standards determined by PMI (Project Management Institute). In this respect, in our research, we examined the project forms and project guides that used in the Grant programs and we tried to determine how well they comply with the PMI standards. Project application forms, application guides and additional documents for the programs announced by the Development Agency through the call for proposal method were examined. Based on the Project Preparation Guide and project forms prepared by the agency, it has been observed that there are significant differences in some points (The Project Preparation Guide and project forms and the detailing of the work breakdown structures between the standards and the PMI's rewards at some points as determined by the milestones) between the standards determined by PMI
Classification With Repeated Observations
No full textWe study the problem of nonparametric classification with repeated observations. Let X be the d dimensional feature vector and let Y denote the label taking values in {1, . . . , M}. In contrast to usual setup with large sample size n and relatively low dimension d, this letter deals with the situation, when instead of observing a single feature vector X we are given t repeated feature vectors V-1, . . . , V-t. Some simple classification rules are presented such that the conditional error probabilities have exponential rate of convergence as t -> infinity.National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary [2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI]The work of Laszlo Gyorfi was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary under Grant 2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Jeremy Thomas Ree
Performance Evaluation of Brushless Direct Current Motor Control Methods through Low-Cost Microcontroller-Based Real-Time Experiments
No full textBrushless direct current (BLDC) motors are high efficiency synchronous motors that are employed in a variety of applications due to prominent features such as long operational life, low maintenance requirements, and great dynamic response. BLDC motors are driven by energizing the stator windings with an inverter circuit. To commutate the inverter switches, the trapezoidal (120°) method is generally used by considering the back electromagnetic force induced on unenergized phase of BLDC. Furthermore, depending on the application requirements, alternative commutation modes (CM) such as 180°, 150°, and sinusoidal-based approaches are utilized. In the literature, the performance comparison of some CMs was studied for two-phase on operation and three-phase on operation mode by considering the switching patterns. However, only a few research assessed the performance of two or three commutation modes simultaneously. In this study, the performance comparison of pulse width modulation (PWM) based commutation modes are examined by considering 120°, 180°, 150° modes, and sinusoidal PWM. In this scope, it is the first time that direct digital synthesis (DDS) is addressed as a BLDC control algorithm in a performance comparison study. In experimental studies, a simple and a low-cost drive circuit is designed to acquire the case results. According to the results, the proposed DDS-based sine commutation method is more efficient than other commutation methods and it has lower power consumption at both low and high speeds also a wider operable speed range than other applied methods
Student Project-Based Space Vector Modulation Technique for Power Electronics Laboratory
No full textTwo-level DC/AC inverter topologies are widely used for low voltage and high voltage applications in power systems and industrial areas. Space Vector Modulation (SVM) is a popular Pulse-Width Modulation technique used for controlling the inverters and providing the efficient energy conversion from DC sources. However, applications of SVM-based studies are limited in the Power Electronics Laboratory (PEL) due to the vital risks associated with high voltage applications, and it is not easily learned through mathematical analysis and visual learning without implementation by undergraduate students. A simulation and experimental setup of an SVM-controlled two-level, three-phase inverter was presented in this study for undergraduate students to learn its basics in the PEL. Several programs were used to simulate the inverter in the classroom environment and to design a power circuit and microcontroller-based printed circuit board of the inverter for PEL experiments. The two case studies were given. In the case results, the output voltage waveforms of simulation and experimental inverters were compared to show the validation of simulation results. With this study, the students' experience is enhanced in electronic circuit design, programming, coordination with hardware and software development activities, self-learning, and teamwork. Additionally, practical applications increase undergraduate students' interest in Power Electronics Courses and reinforce their knowledge from lecture and laboratory studies
COVID-19 Sürecinde Ev Dışı Gıda Tüketiminin Değişimi
No full textEkonomik gelişmeyle birlikte birçok ülkede değişen tüketici istekleri ve ihtiyaçları ev dışında gıda tüketim yapılarını da değiştirmiştir. Tüketicilerin hangi nedenlerle ev dışında gıda tüketim yaptığının bilinmesi pazarın bölümlendirilmesi, işletmelerin kendini konumlandırması dolayısıyla varlıklarının sürdürülmesi için önemlidir. Dinamik olan pazar içinde özellikle olağanüstü durumlarda tüketicilerin davranışlarının belirlenmesi daha da önemli olmaktadır. 2020 yılında tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisi, tüm endüstrilerde köklü değişikliklere yol açmıştır hizmet sektörü ve yeni bir yola evrilmiştir. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde ev dışı gıda tüketiminde meydana gelen değişime odaklanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, tüketici düzeyinde değişiklikleri ortaya koymak ve COVID-19’un ev dışı gıda tüketimine etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla Edirne, Iğdır, Sinop, Muş Adana, Gaziantep, Diyarbakır ve Kayseri illerinde basit tesadüfi yöntemle seçilen 800 kişiyle çevrimiçi anket yapılmıştır. Ev dışı gıda tüketiminde COVID-19 öncesine göre yaklaşık 8 puan düşme yaşanmıştır. Tüketiciler en fazla sosyal ve psikolojik, tasarruf, hedonik nedenlerle ev dışı gıda tüketimi (FAFH) yapmaya devam ederken, öncelikle sağlık ve besleyicilik nedenleri ile tüketim yapmamaktadır
Demiryolu taşıma şirketleri için çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerini kullanarak bir performans değerlendirme modeli
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Endüstri Mühendisliği Bilim DalıPerformans değerlendirme, yönetimsel kararların alınması ve performansı iyileştirmeyi desteklemek amacıyla bir organizasyonun ortaya koyduğu performansa ilişkin objektif ve nicel bilgiler üretmeyi amaçlar. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de 2013 yılında yürürlüğe giren 6461 sayılı yasa ile serbestleşen demiryolu taşımacılığı sektöründe faaliyet gösteren demiryolu yük tren işletmecisi şirketlerin (DTİ) performans değerlendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak demiryollarındaki performans kavramı analiz edilmiş ve demiryolu yük treni işletme şirketlerinin performansının değerlendirmesinde kullanılacak olan Temel Performans Göstergeleri (TPG'ler) belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen TPG'lerin göreli ağırlıklarını belirlemek için AHP ve bulanık AHP'den yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın son aşamasında belirlenen TPG ağırlıkları kullanılarak Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden biri olan EDAS yöntemi kullanılarak Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren yük treni işletme şirketlerinin performansları değerlendirilmiştir. Diğer ÇKKV yöntemleri olan TOPSIS, PROMETHEE II ve COPRAS da EDAS'ın sonuçlarını desteklemek için uygulanmıştır. TPG'lerin göreli ağırlıklarındaki değişikliklerin sonuçları nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmek için duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır.Performance evaluation aims to produce objective and quantitative information about the performance of an organization to support making managerial decisions and improving performance. In this study, it is targeted to evaluate the performance of the freight train operating companies (TOC) in the railway transportation sector which was liberalized with Law No. 6461 entering into force in 2013 in Turkey. In the study, firstly, the concept of performance in railways is analyzed, and the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to be used in evaluating the performance of railway freight train operating companies are determined. AHP and fuzzy AHP methods are utilized to determine the relative weights of the specified KPIs. In the last stage of the study, by using the KPI weights determined, the performances of freight train operating companies in Turkey are evaluated using the EDAS method which is one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. Other MCDM methods, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE II and COPRAS, are applied to support the results of EDAS. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate how the changes in the relative weights of the KPIs effect results
CdSe thin films-based photodetector doped with Cu, In and Ga atoms: a comparative work
No full textThe present work demonstrates a comparison of performance of Cu, In and Ga-doped CdSe thin films-based photodetectors. Structural, morphological, optical and electrical investigation of Cu, In and Ga-doped CdSe thin films prepared by close space sublimation on glass slides is also achieved. It is obtained that Cu, In and Ga-doped CdSe thin films have a good crystal quality with a hexagonal structure in the preferred orientation along (002) plane. Morphological examination shows that Cu-doped CdSe thin films grow in the porous microstructure while In and Ga-doped CdSe films possess compact and uniform morphology without any voids. Transparency of In and Ga-doped CdSe films are higher than that of Cu-doped CdSe throughout the entire spectrum. Band gap values of all the samples are determined to be almost 1.72 eV. Photoluminescence data indicate that Ga-doped CdSe thin films display a deep level band at the lowest peak intensity, which is the indication of less defected structure. All the samples exhibit n-type conductivity. Additionally, the maximum carrier density and the minimum resistivity are reached for In-doped CdSe thin films as 1.75 x 10(16) cm(-3) and 6.12 & omega; cm, respectively. Rise time of 28 ms and fall time of 25 ms are obtained for Cu-doped CdSe thin films-based photodetector, which are the fastest photoresponse within all the devices. Furthermore, Cu-doped CdSe thin films-based device has a responsivity of 1.20 x 10(-2) A/W and a detectivity of 1.20 x 10(9) Jones that makes Cu-doped CdSe thin films-based device as a strong candidate for high sensitive photodetector applications