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Biosensor for ATP detection via aptamer-modified PDA@POSS nanoparticles synthesized in a microfluidic reactor
No full textThis study introduces aptamer-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection where the POSS nanoparticles were synthesized in a one-step, continuous flow microfluidic reactor utilizing thermal polymerization. A microemulsion containing POSS monomers was generated in the microfluidic reactor which was designed to prevent clogging by using a continuous oil flow around the emulsion during thermal polymerization. Surfaces of POSS nanoparticles were biomimetically modified by polydopamine. The aptamer sequence for ATP was successfully attached to POSS nanoparticles. The aptamer-modified POSS nanoparticles were tested for affinity-based biosensor applications using ATP as a model molecule. The nanoparticles were able to capture ATP molecules successfully with an affinity constant of 46.5 ?M. Based on this result, it was shown, for the first time, that microfluidic synthesis of POSS nanoparticles can be utilized in designing aptamer-functionalized nanosystems for biosensor applications. The integration of POSS in biosensing technologies not only exemplifies the versatility and efficacy of these nanoparticles but also marks a significant contribution to the field of biorecognition and sample preparation. © The Author(s) 2024.Adana Alparslan Türkeş Bilim ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, ATÜ, (22103005); Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (122C228, TÜBİTAK-2218
Need to Belong and Cognitive Flexibility in Young Adults: Mediating Role of Negative Affect and Moderating Role of Agreeableness
No full textObjective: Previous studies propose that the need to belong can explain some emotional and cognitive mechanisms. Yet, it is unclear which cognitive and emotional mechanisms may be predicted by the need to belong and whether this relationship varies within different personality traits. The general purpose of this study was to scrutinize the role of emotion and personal traits in the relationship between the need to belong and cognitive flexibility with the help of a model. Method: A total of 719 university students, 446 female and 273 male, employed the participant group of the study (M ± SDage = 21.38 ± 1.97). Data measurement tools were Standard Information Form, Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Need to Belong Scale, Big Five Personality Traits Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Results: The mediation analysis demonstrated a significant indirect effect of the need to belong on cognitive flexibility through negative affect (b =-.0606, t = -3.189). This finding showed that the need to belong reduced cognitive flexibility by increasing negative affect. With regard to the moderation analysis results, the interaction effect of the need to belong and agreeableness personality trait (need to belong X agreeableness) significantly predicted cognitive flexibility (b =-.1169; CI 95% =-.2033 to -.0304, t =-2.6542, p = 0.0081). Accordingly, the negative direct effect of the need to belong on cognitive flexibility was stronger in the lower agreeableness condition. Conclusion: The current study indicated that agreeableness moderates the negative effect of the need to belong on cognitive flexibility. The highest cognitive flexibility was observed in the lower need to belong and higher agreeableness conditions. In conclusion, it is suggested that the effect of the need to belong on cognitive abilities may be accompanied by personality traits and emotional processes
Characterization of biodegradable films based on guar gum and calcium caseinate incorporated with clary sage oil: Rheological, physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties
No full textClary sage essential oil (CSEO) has been reported for its wide food and pharmaceutical applications. This work aimed to produce biodegradable active guar gum-calcium caseinate (GG-CC) based film incorporated with CSEO and to evaluate its physico-chemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Solvent casting technique was used to prepare the composite films containing CSEO at 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2% (v/v). The chemical, rheological, morphology, mechanical, thermal, optical, crystalline, biodegradable, water barrier, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the samples were assessed by various analytical methods. Rheological findings of filmogenic solution revealed that the viscosity of filmogenic solutions (GCEO2-GCEO4) increased with an increase in the concentration of the CSEO. CSEO addition in GG-CC film exhibited a homogenous structure with low crystallinity, transparency, water vapor permeability, moisture content, and tensile strength values, whereas a rise in elongation at break, thickness, and thermal stability was observed. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) results suggested the interaction between CSEO and GG-CC-CSEO films also exhibited satisfactory antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS free radicals and higher antimicrobial effect against the Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). This work revealed that CSEO has the potential to be used as an active ingredient in the development of films for food packaging applications.TRC grant [BFP/RGP/HSS/22/007]The study was supported by TRC grant number BFP/RGP/HSS/22/007
A comparative investigation of eco-friendly fly ash-based geopolymer mortar produced by using electrical and heat curing: Mechanical properties, energy consumption and cost
No full textThis study investigates the eco-friendly fly ash-based geopolymer mortar (GM) production using electrical curing (EC) and heat curing. Within the scope of the study, GM produced using the EC method was compared with GM produced using the heat curing (HC) method in terms of mechanical properties, energy consumption, and cost. The study consists of a preliminary experiment to determine the parameters to be used, mortar experiments using the limited parameters defined in preliminary experiments, and an energy consumption and cost analysis. In the preliminary experiments, different mix designs produced according to different MS modulus and Na 2 O concentrations were studied to decide an applicable range for temperatures of HC and an applicable range for voltages of EC. In the second stage, EC and HC were compared according to temperature changes in GMs, current changes in GMs, and compressive strength (CS). As a final stage, an energy consumption and cost analysis were performed to compare two curing methods according to the updated dollar-based unit prices for electricity per kWh for industrial uses in various countries in February 2024. Results showed that the MS modulus should be at least 1.2 and the Na 2 O concentration should be 10 % on average to obtain a workable mortar. The compressive strength of all mortars with any MS modulus increased up to 100 degrees C and then decreased HC applied samples. Stress values of 20, 25, 30, and 35 volts are applicable and the highest compressive strength values could be obtained with 25 volts, and 6 h of application is sufficient at 25 volts EC. MS module is a key parameter in current and temperature change. In EC application, 30 volts is the threshold value, and when an electrical voltage above 30 volts is applied, the mortar 's internal temperature suddenly reaches the peak value and the desired compressive strength results cannot be achieved. According to the cost analysis, it is seen that the HC electricity cost is 6.78 times more than the EC cost. A comprehensive efficiency calculation is strongly recommended for future studies. It has also been concluded that geopolymers could gain strength at much lower voltage values, so they have the potential to consume less electrical energy in comparison to conventional concrete.Adana Alparslan Turkes, Science and Technology University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department [21103011]This article has been supported by the Adana Alparslan Turkes, Science and Technology University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department under 21103011 Project No
The Relationship of the Russia-Ukraine War with Environmental and Financial Factors in the Energy Market: Evidence from the EU
No full textThe Russia-Ukraine war caused great fluctuations in global markets and left the whole world, especially the European Union countries, facing an energy crisis. The fact that the the European Union countries carry out the highest energy consumption in the world and the dependence of the European Union countries on Russia is the most important reason for the study to be conducted on energy companies in the European Union. In this study, the environmental and financial factors of businesses during the Russia- Ukraine war were examined and an evaluation was made about the energy companies in the EU, which were most affected by the war due to their proximity to the two warring countries and intense commercial relations. In addition, the study concluded that the Russia-Ukraine war caused a two-way change in company performance regarding environmental and financial factors. This result stems from the difference in the reactions of the companies in the sample to the war situation, legal regulations, energy market conditions, culture, and transparency of the countries in which they operate
A cascade fuzzy adaptive based interaction torque control of a pneumatically actuated forearm rehabilitation robot under disturbance effects
No full textIn this study, an intelligent adaptive interaction torque control for a pneumatically actuated forearm rehabilitation robot has been proposed. The main objective is to provide a haptic environment that ensures stable interaction torque fields at changing levels. To achieve this goal, a cascade fuzzy adaptive controller, that is specifically tailored to handle varying levels of interaction torque and ensure stability throughout the rehabilitation process, has been designed. To improve the efficiency of the controller, non-linear friction torque identification of the pneumatic actuator based on changing operating conditions has been conducted. Parallel to this, a user motion intention detection algorithm has been designed to provide compliant, safe and suitable human-robot interactions. The disturbance cases have been considered to make the system robust to unknown conditions. Stability analysis has been performed, specifically focusing on the boundary-input boundary-output (BIBO) stability conditions. In order to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed cascade fuzzy adaptive algorithm, a cascade PID algorithm has also been meticulously designed for comparison. Numerous experimental validation tests involving a healthy user were conducted in a Hardware-in-the-Loop environment, focusing on torque trajectory tracking performance. The proposed control technique exhibited improved convergence dynamics compared to the cascade PID algorithm, yielding mean absolute error levels of 0.0218 Nm and 0.099 Nm for target interaction torque under disturbance-free and disturbed conditions, respectively.Scientific Research Project unit of CUKUROVA University [FBA-2022-14180]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was financially supported by the Scientific Research Project unit of CUKUROVA University under the FBA-2022-14180 project number
Gelatin/calcium-caseinate films loaded with petitgrain essential oil for sustainable food packaging
No full textThis research focuses on the development and assessment of films composed of gelatin (GE) and calcium caseinate (CC), loaded with varying concentrations of petitgrain essential oil (PEO). A comprehensive assessment of the resulting films was conducted with a focus on the antioxidant, antibacterial, and physicochemical attributes. GCMS analysis identified the primary constituents of PEO, including linalyl acetate, linalool, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpineol, limonene, beta-myrcene, geranyl acetate, and neryl acetate. The antioxidant capacity of GE-CC films increased significantly with increasing PEO concentration, as evidenced by DPPH and ABTS assays. Simultaneously, increased PEO concentration led to increased thickness, water vapour permeability (WVP), elongation at break (EAB), and water solubility (WS) in the active films while reducing moisture content (MC) and tensile strength (TS). In terms of optical characteristics, the transparency of the films decreased, while the b* (yellowness) and Delta E (total colour variation) values increased upon oil incorporation. The presence of intermolecular interactions between the polymers and the oil was confirmed through FTIR and morphological characteristics studied by SEM. The addition of PEO to the films resulted in improved thermal resistance against degradation, as observed in the thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, these active films showed potent antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and P. aeruginosa. In summary, this study underscores the suitability of GE-CC films containing PEO for food packaging purposes, highlighting their functional characteristics and environmentally friendly nature. Visual analysis of gelatin and calcium caseinate blank and composite films loaded with and without varying concentrations of petitgrain essential oil. Film samples loaded with and without oil exhibited homogeneous and even structures without any irregularities, demonstrating the good film-forming properties of the biopolymers as well as their compatibility with other components. imageThe Research Council; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, OmanThe authors are thankful to the Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Oman, for providing research facilities to conduct the current study
Evaluation of International Monetary Policy Coordination: Evidence from Machine Learning Algorithms
No full textBeing a critical for integrating of the global financial system, international monetary policy coordination deserves attention to offer timely and vital information about the ongoing interaction between monetary policy practices and its future. This paper reveals the integration of economies in international monetary policy coordination and the underlying adjustment dynamics of this process in advanced and emerging economies. We perform convolutional signal analysis, K-means clustering, and classification algorithms to extract similar features or patterns of monetary policy actions implemented in different economies. The empirical results show that emerging economies are more vulnerable to internal and external shocks than advanced economies due to their financial vulnerabilities. Advanced and emerging economies respond similarly but differently within their clusters. Global monetary conditions are the key driver of monetary policy decisions; however, output growth, international reserves, policy rate, credit default swap, and consumer price index are the other important country-specific determinants. This study enhances our comprehension of the intricate dynamics within monetary policy interactions among advanced and emerging economies, shedding light on the nuanced dynamics of leader-follower relationships. Additionally, this paper not only extends the literature on international monetary policy coordination by using a state-of-the-art dataset and analysis, but also provides a solid foundation for future research on this topic
Ethereum Blok Zinciri Kullanıcılarına Yönelik Hacimsel ve Zamansal Davranışa Dayalı Açıklanabilir Profilleme Saldırıları
No full text32nd IEEE Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU) -- MAY 15-18, 2024 -- Tarsus Univ Campus, Mersin, TURKEYOne of many different application areas of the blockchain technology is crypto-currencies. Products like Bitcoin and Solana provide financial services that are unmediated, distributed and anonymous. Among various blockchains, Ethereum stands out due to its support of smart contracts. However, softly authenticated transactions occuring on such platforms facilitate crimes like money laundering and sales of illegal items/services. Denanonymization, over blockchains, refers to identifying distinct accounts of the same person and is used for tracking illegal trafficking of cryptocurrencies. In this study, our purpose is to increase the rate of success of deanonymization and to support explainable approaches. Towards this aim, we imitate blockchain analysts and propose 19 novel heuristic features that are volumetric and temporal. Empirical experiments indicate that temporal features increase the attack success rate by 39%. Shapley values adapted from the cooperative game theory field support this finding.IEEE,IEEE Turkey,Koluman & Berdan,Loodos,Figes,Turkcell,Yildirim Elec
Analysis of drinking water distribution networks using dead end system and hydraulic comparison with epanet 2.0 software: Case studies of Adana province, Turkiye
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıHızlı nüfus artışı ve azalan su kaynakları su dağıtım sistemlerinin doğru ve etkili bir şekilde tasarımını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Çoğu zaman mevcut şebekelerin yeterli ve kaliteli suyu sağlaması bakımından iyileştirilmesi gerektiği bir gerçektir. Dolayısı ile geleneksel yaklaşımlarla yapılan mühendislik çözümlerine ilaveten farklı bilgisayar yazılımları aracılığıyla modellemelerin yapılması, bu şebeke sistemlerinin hidrolik ve fayda-maliyet analizleri açısından optimum sonuçlara ulaşılmasına önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada klasik bir yöntem olan Ölü Nokta Yöntemi (ÖNY) ile açık kaynak kodlu EPANET 2.0 programı sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma alanı olarak Adana'nın farklı nüfus ve topoğrafik özelliklerine sahip Camuzağılı, Gazi ve Başpınar Mahalleleri seçilmiştir. Karşılaştırma parametreleri ise basınç, hız ve yük kaybıdır. Elde edilen çıktılar ile düğüm ve bağlantı noktaları, 24 saatlik değişim ve korelasyon analizi grafikleri oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda her üç şebeke için basınç verilerinin oldukça iyi korelasyon yakaladığı görülmüş; Camuzağılı ve Başpınar mahallesi şebekelerinde hız ve yük kaybı açısından en yüksek R2 değerleri elde edilmiştir. Özellikle Gazi Mahallesi şebekesi için iki yöntem çıktılarının da birbirine yakınsamasında en olumsuz durum meydana gelmiştir. Başpınar Mahallesi şebeke sonuçlarının ise ele alınan tüm parametreler yönünden %90 üzeri R2 ürettiği tespit edilmiştir. İlerleyen yıllarda bu bölgedeki tüm su dağıtım şebekeleri için yapılabilecek modelleme çalışmaları etkin su kaynakları yönetimi politikalarına önemli katkı sunacaktır.Rapid population growth and decreasing water resources have made accurate and effective design of water distribution network compulsory. It is a fact that available networks mostly need to be improved to provide adequate and quality water. In addition to engineering solutions handled with traditional approaches, modeling via different software can make significant contributions to achieving optimum results in terms of hydraulic and cost-benefit analyzes of these networks. In this study, it aims to compare the results of the Dead End System (DES), a classical method, and EPANET 2.0 program, an open source software. Camuzağılı, Gazi and Başpınar Neighborhoods of Adana, which have different population and topographic characteristics, have been chosen as the study area. Comparison parameters are pressure, velocity and head loss. With the obtained results; the values of node and junction points, 24-hour change of these parameters and correlation graphs were created. As a result of the study, it is seen that the pressure data for all three networks have a well enough correlation, and the highest R2 values in terms of velocity and head loss were obtained in the networks of Camuzağılı and Başpınar Neighborhoods. In particular, for the Gazi Neighborhood network, the most negative outcome occurred considering the convergence of the two method outputs. It has been determined that the network results of Başpınar Neighborhood produced R2 above 90% with regards to all parameters. In the following years, simulation works for all water distribution networks in this region, will contribute considerably to effective water resources management policies