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Myrrh Oleo-Gum Resin as a Functional Additive in Pectin and ?-Carrageenan Composite Films for Food Packaging
No full textMyrrh oleo-gum-resin (MOGR) is a natural substance that has a rich history of medicinal use due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The present study reports on the fabrication and assessment of pectin and K-carrageenan composite films infused with varying proportions (0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7%) of MOGR. Morphological analysis of the film samples was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The results indicated that the introduction of MOGR led to a notable increase in surface roughness. The SEM micrographs of the films showed that the MOGR addition had an important effect on the microstructure of the film. The surface hydrophobicity of the MOGR-loaded films increased, as confirmed by the rise in the contact angle. Moreover, there was an increase in the thickness (0.062 +/- 0.004-0.095 +/- 0.006 mm) and opacity (1.24 +/- 0.07-9.41 +/- 0.24) of the films with the addition of MOGR; however, tensile strength (7.30 +/- 0.50-4.92 +/- 0.34 MPa), elongation at break (32.41% +/- 1.0%-29.70% +/- 0.24%), and barrier properties decreased. Additionally, a rise in MOGR concentration corresponded to a rise in overall color difference Delta E (0.77 +/- 0.03-5.09 +/- 0.49) of the films. Notably, the incorporation of MOGR led to an increase in the antioxidant activity of the composite films, indicating potential applications in functional packaging materials.Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, OmanThe authors are thankful to the Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Oman, for providing research facilities to conduct the current study
Adana Merkez Park'ın Mekânsal Kalite Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
No full textBu araştırma, Merkez Park’ın mekânsal kalitesinin belirlenen hipotezler doğrultusunda değerlendirilmesi amacıyla ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarla Merkez Park’ın mevcut durumunda kentsel kalitesinin gelişimine katkı sağlayacağı ve kıyı boyunca yapılacak olan projelere kentsel kalite açısından katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, iki farklı yöntem kullanılmıştır. İlk adımda Gehl, Greene ve Nasar’ın kalite göstergeleri ile parametreler oluşturularak mekânın somut kalite gösterge düzeyi belirlenmiştir. İkinci adımda ise PPS (Project Public Space) soruları çalışma amacına göre kullanıcılara aktarılmıştır. Sonuçlar, SPSS 29.0 programında belirlenen hipotezler doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Somut kalite göstergeleri- PPS anket sonuçlarından benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Somut kalite göstergeleri ve anket sonuçları ile elde edilen verilere bakıldığında Merkez Park’ın mekân kalitesi kullanıcı profili, gece kullanımı, nehir ve yeşil alan gibi doğal unsurların etkin bir şekilde kullanımı ile ve parkta yer alan aktivite çeşitliliği/ sayısı, parkın kullanıcı profili, güvenliği, bakım- temizliği ilişkisi ile bağlantılıdır. Park alanında güvenliğin sağlanması, kullanıcı profilinin değişmesi, temizliğinin sağlanmasıyla mekânsal kalitenin artacağını da göstermektedir. Kıyı alanlarının düzenlemesinde temel olarak ele alınan durum bireylerin su ile etkileşimi; kıyı kullanımının arttırılmasıdır. Bu ilişkinin doğru analiz edilerek Merkez Park’ın mekânsal kalitesinin arttırılmasında oldukça önemlidir
Kuru İncirlerin Biyoaktif Özellikleri, Aflatoksin ve Okratoksin A Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
No full textBu çalışmada, Adana ilinde satılan 21 farklı kuru incir örneğinin şeker bileşimi antioksidan kapasitesi, toplam fenolik madde miktarı, aflatoksin B1 (AFLB1) toplam aflatoksin (AFLB1+ AFLB2+ AFLG1+ AFLG2) ve okratoksin A (OTA) gibi mikotoksin analizleri yapılarak toksik özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Kuru incirlerin antioksidan aktivitesini belirlemek için 2,2-Difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve 2,2-azinobis (3-etilbenzotiyazollin-6-sülfonik asit) (ABTS) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Şeker bileşimi, OTA ve aflatoksin analizleri yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) ile yapılmıştır. Kuru incir örneklerinin çoğunun Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği'nde belirtilen aflatoksin ve okratoksin limitlerini aşmadığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, Adana'da satılan kuru incirlerin antioksidan kapasitesi ve mikotoksin düzeyleri açısından önemli bir değerlendirme sunmaktadır
Microfluidic vs. batch synthesis of fluorescent poly(GMA-co-EGDMA) micro/nanoparticles for biomedical applications
No full textFluorescent particles play a crucial role in nanomedicine and biological applications such as imaging, diagnostic tools, drug delivery, biosensing, multimodal imaging, and theranostics. This report presents a novel synthesis method and comparative study for synthesizing fluorescent particles in microfluidic continuous and batch-type reactors. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) are well-known monomers for synthesizing functional particles for biomedical applications. Several methods exist to obtain fluorescent poly(GMA-co-EGDMA) (p(GMA-EGDMA))particles through various polymerization techniques. Unlike existing methods, we developed a green approach for synthesizing fluorescent p(GMA-EGDMA) particles via UV-initiated one-step emulsion polymerization by comparing microfluidic and batch synthesis. Moreover, as a fluorescent dye, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was directly incorporated with p(GMA-EGDMA) particles at various concentrations to achieve tunable fluorescent functionality. While the batch synthesis resulted in polydisperse fluorescent p(GMA-EGDMA)microparticles with spherical shapes ranging from 25 mu m to 1.0 mu m in size, the microfluidic synthesis produced nonspherical nanoparticles. Fluorescent FITC@p(GMA-EGDMA) particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fluorescent microscope, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized particles have potential for fluorescence imaging applications, specifically bio-detection in array systems.Tuerkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma Kurumu Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye [122C228, TUBITAK-2218]; Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University [22103005]; TUBITAK through the BICABA Program; Intern Researcher Scholarship Program [TUBITAK 2247-C STAR 2023/2]Dr. G. Kibar would like to thank the financial support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK-2218, Award Grand No.: 122C228) and Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University (Scientific Research Project, Grant No. 22103005). B. Kilincli also acknowledges the financial support provided by TUBITAK through the BICABA Program. A.D. Cinar extends gratitude to the Intern Researcher Scholarship Program (TUBITAK 2247-C STAR 2023/2) for their support. The authors give special thanks to Toprak Karaman for the 3D-printed platform for the experimental microfluidic synthesis setup and Reyhan Sever for preparing the mold photos of the microfluidic reactor
A new approach for enhancing the effectiveness of a regenerative heat exchanger by using organic and inorganic phase change material
No full textThe increasing need for energy, along with limiting resources, has encouraged the development of novel solutions in the fields of energy conservation and storage. Phase change materials (PCMs), which are differentiated by properties such as large energy storage capacities, chemical stability, and reactivity to reduced working temperatures, play an important role in addressing the need for energy conservation. The goal of this research is to identify the heat transfer properties of various organic and inorganic phase change materials, compare their performance under certain working situations, and assure their maximum efficiency. The study undertakes a numerical analysis of the heat transfer performance of diverse organic (RT31, RT50) and inorganic (SP31, SP50) phase change materials across varying Reynolds numbers (Re = 500, 1000, 1500, 2000) under laminar conditions within a regenerative double-pipe heat exchanger. The outcomes reveal that SP31 demonstrates a 16% higher heat transfer effectiveness than RT31, while SP50 surpasses RT50 by 18% in terms of heat transfer effectiveness. As the Reynolds number increases, so does the heat transfer effectiveness, total heat transfer coefficient, and number of transfer units (NTU) for all types of phase change materials, but the capacity ratio decreases. Notably, inorganic phase change materials exhibit superior heat transfer performance compared to their organic counterparts. The results obtained from this study have been evaluated to be potentially useful for enhancing energy efficiency and system performance in systems operating at low-temperature ranges by utilizing phase change materials in heat exchangers under specified flow conditions.Please check the edit made in the article title
HBDFA: An intelligent nature-inspired computing with high-dimensional data analytics
No full textThe rapid development of data science has led to the emergence of high-dimensional datasets in machine learning. The curse of dimensionality is a significant problem caused by high-dimensional data with a small sample size. This paper proposes a novel hybrid binary dragonfly algorithm (HBDFA) in which a distance-based similarity evaluation algorithm is embedded before the dragonfly algorithm (DA) searching behavior to select the most discriminating features. The two-step feature selection mechanism of HBDFA enables the method to explore the feature space reduced by the distance-based similarity evaluation algorithm. The model was evaluated on two datasets. The first dataset contained 200 reports from 4 evenly distributed categories of Daily Mail Online: COVID-19, economy, science, and sports. The second dataset was the publicly available Spam dataset. The proposed model is compared with binary versions of four popular metaheuristic algorithms. The model achieved an accuracy rate of 96.75% by reducing 66.5% of the top 100 features determined on the first dataset. Results on the Spam dataset reveal that HBDFA gives the best classification results with over 95% accuracy. The experimental results show the superiority of HBDFA in searching high-dimensional data, improving classification results, and reducing the number of selected features
Fault diagnosis of photovoltaic array based on gated residual network with multi-head self attention mechanism
No full textEffective fault identification and diagnosis in photovoltaic (PV) arrays is vital for improving the effectiveness, and safety of solar energy systems. While various artificial intelligence methods have successfully established fault detection and diagnosis models, introducing ine?iciencies and potentially overlooking useful features. Moreover, these methods often employ neural networks with limited performance capabilities. In response to these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative intelligent model that integrates a combination of a gated residual neural network (GRN) and a multi-head self-attention mechanism (MHSA). To evaluate the proposed fault diagnosis model, the small-scale PV grid system is implemented, and fault simulation experiments, including arc faults, maximum power tracking failures, line-to-line, open circuit, degradation, and partial shading with normal conditions, are conducted to acquire simulation datasets. Additionally, widely used neural network models, including artificial neural networks, recurrent neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and the proposed model without an attention mechanism, are employed for comparison. Furthermore, common machine learning approaches found in the literature for diagnosing faults of PV arrays, optimized by Bayesian technique are implemented and compared. Simulation results highlight that the proposed approach attains superior performance across key metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and training e?iciency. Notably, the proposed model achieves an impressive testing accuracy of 99.71%, surpassing alternative methods. This highlights its effectiveness as a robust and e?icient solution for fault diagnosis in PV arrays
Effect of gamma irradiation and electrospinning applications on the physicochemical, antioxidant, and molecular properties of anthocyanin colorant obtained from black carrot pomace
No full textThis research article describes the approach of the electrospinning technique for the development of nanofibers from anthocyanin powder and the possibility of using biodegradable polymers, such as gelatin. The irradiation technique was also examined to improve the technological properties of the AP, which was prepared from black carrot pomace. In the present study, the monomeric anthocyanin content of the anthocyanin powder was reduced from 254.6 to 167.9 mg/g after irradiation treatment. The nano -encapsulated anthocyanin powder with wall material showed stronger color properties compared to those of the irradiated samples. FTIR results revealed that changes in OH stretching and galacturonic acid peaks were observed in anthocyanin powder samples at wave numbers of 3500 - 3200 cm -1 and 800 - 1000 cm -1 , respectively. The electrospinning technique showed a significant improvement in the thermal stability of the AP compared to that with irradiation. Based on this evidence thus far, it can be concluded that irradiation and electrospinning are promising techniques to develop a natural red colorant from industrial food waste for food, food supplement, and pharmaceutical applications. Industrial relevance: Natural colorants are attracting growing attention as a result of consumer demand. For this reason, the black carrot pomace can be considered an important source of natural colorants from industrial food waste resulting from juice extraction. However, the use of BCP to produce red colorants for various products (eg., food and food supplements) is not an easy task. In this regard, both electrospinning and irradiation are beneficial and effective technologies to produce a red colorant from industrial food waste sources, and improve its technological properties that provide opportunities for clean labeling
Five-Port Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Interfacing a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell-Battery System with Bipolar DC Microgrids
No full textThis paper introduces a novel five-port, three-input, dual-output isolated bidirectional dc-dc converter (FPIBC) topology with an effective controller for power-sharing and voltage-balancing in bipolar dc microgrids (BPDCMGs). The proposed converter acts as the interface for the integration of a hybrid generation system comprising a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a photovoltaic (PV) system, and a battery into BPDCMGs. It employs a reduced number of circuit elements compared with similar multiport converter topologies suggested for BPDCMG applications. Symmetrical bipolar output voltages are ensured by a voltage-balancing circuit composed of a fully controlled switch and four diodes. The FPIBC is equipped with different controllers for output voltage regulation and balancing, power sharing, maximum power point tracking of the PV, the optimum operating region of the SOFC, and constant-current, constant-voltage charging of the battery. To verify the viability and effectiveness of the proposed system, a simulation model was developed with a 4.2 kW SOFC, a 3.7 kW PV, and a 140 V 10.8 Ah battery in MATLAB/Simulink. The performance of the FPIBC was evaluated through extensive case studies with different operational modes, including battery charge/discharge states and SOFC and PV parameter changes under varying load conditions. In addition, the proposed system was examined using a daily dynamic load profile. According to the simulation results, a peak efficiency of 97.28% is achieved and the voltage imbalance between the output ports is maintained below 0.5%. It is shown that the FPIBC has advantages over previous converters in terms of the number of ports, number of circuit elements, bipolar output voltage, bidirectional power flow, and efficiency.Scientific Project Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University [21103005]The authors would like to acknowledge the Scientific Project Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University (Project Number: 21103005) for full financial support
An Experimental Study on EMI Shielding and Antibacterial Activity of Woven Fabrics Including Silver Nanocomposite Yarns
No full textThis study investigates electromagnetic interference shielding and antibacterial activity of industrial polyester/viscose woven fabrics, including silver (Ag) treated yarns, to obtain multifunctional fabric. For this purpose, thin film-coated, nanoparticle-doped, and chemically treated yarns were used as weft in three different densities. Nine fabric samples and the control sample were woven under industrial conditions. As a result, the surface conductivity of the thin film-coated samples is significantly higher than the others in all the measurement directions. Also, these samples exhibit the best electromagnetic shielding efficiency of up to 64 dB in the 3-43 GHz frequency range. In addition, electromagnetic shielding efficiency reaches 83 dB when the samples are measured in multiple layers. The chemically treated samples exhibited better antibacterial activity, up to 74%. It was determined that the nanoparticle's treatment type, position and density, and the number of fabric layers influence the performance properties.Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey [2021-1-TP2-4150]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was supported by the Research Fund of Mersin University in Turkey with Project Number 2021-1-TP2-4150