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A novel approach for predicting global innovation index scores
No full textInnovation has great importance in growth models in today's economy. In the globalising world, countries that renew their product and service range are at the forefront. The way to manage innovation is to measure it. Therefore, to have measurable information, the Global Innovation Index (GII) identifies inputs and outputs that are indicators of innovation. The GII provides a global ranking for countries according to their innovation capacity. In this study, GII scores of 125 countries between the years 2013 and 2020 were estimated using the artificial neural network (ANN). Before the estimation, feature selection was performed from 61 common indicator parameters. 27 parameters that best explain the GII score were selected and used in the ANN. According to the estimated GII scores, the selected 27 parameters are sufficient to calculate the GII score and has been observed that the ANN model is sufficient to determine the approximate GII score of the countries
Assessment of Corporate Carbon Footprint and Energy Analysis of Transformer Industry
No full textTransformers are primarily key components in power transmission and distribution systems. In the electrical industry, transformers are becoming increasingly important to increase energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. In the process from the production to the use of transformers, various strategies and technologies are adopted to reduce the carbon footprint. To achieve decarbonization targets and a future with sustainable energy, ongoing efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of transformers need to continue. Therefore, this study aims to calculate the carbon footprint (CF) of Beta Energy in the Adana Province of T & uuml;rkiye. A comprehensive inventory is being created to determine and monitor the greenhouse gas emissions of Beta Energy, a transformer manufacturer. This inventory includes direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions from all of the company's activities. The findings show that in 2023, the total CF of Beta Energy is equal to 1,799,482.72 tons of CO2-eq and considering the total of 6044 transformers sold in 2023, results in 297 tons of CO2-eq/transformer per product. The results show that the transformer manufacturing industry has a high carbon footprint because it is an energy-intensive process. The areas where the most carbon emissions occur in transformer production are revealed by CF hot spot analysis in this study. To minimize both current and future greenhouse gas emissions during transformer production, the measures to be taken during the R&D, production, transportation, and service stages are revealed. This study aims to establish a foundation for Beta Energy's efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by managing them effectively.Beta Energy and Technology Incorporated Company [BETA 01012023]The APC was funded by Beta Energy and Technology Incorporated Company (Project Number: BETA 01012023)
Türkiye'de sosyal girişimcilerin kişisel değerleri ve deneyimleri üzerinden sosyal girişimciliği anlamak ve yeniden tanımlamak
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme (İngilizce) Ana Bilim Dalı, Yönetim ve Organizasyon (İngilizce) Bilim DalıSosyal sorunları ele alma ve toplumun refahını iyileştirmede yaptığı katkılar sosyal girişimciliği giderek daha önemli hale getirmektedir. Sosyal girişimcilerin değerleri sosyal girişimcilik faaliyetlerinde belirleyici bir role ve öneme sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, değerlerin derinlemesine tartışılması ve sosyal girişimcileri nasıl etkilediği hakkında oldukça sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu tez sosyal girişimcilerin değerlerinin sosyal girişim faaliyetinde bulunmalarını nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Tezin bir diğer amacı ise sosyal girişimcilerin deneyimlerine odaklanarak sosyal girişimciliği ve sorunlarını açığa çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçlara ulaşabilmek için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yorumlamacı fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Ölçüt ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak otuz beş sosyal girişimci ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerini desteklemek için ikincil veri olarak görüşülen sosyal girişimcilerin web siteleri ve videoları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen tüm veriler NVivo 12 Plus programı yardımıyla tematik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma bulguları a) sosyal girişimciliği tanımlamak, b) sosyal girişimcilerin temel değerleri, c) değer temelli sosyal girişimcilik, d) sosyal girişimci olmayı etkileyen temel unsurlar, e) sosyal girişimci olmanın zorluk ve kolaylıkları olmak üzere beş ana temada sunulmuştur. Araştırma sosyal girişimcilerin yardımseverlik, insan hayatına dokunmak, adalet, eşitlik gibi kolektivist ve evrensel değerlere sahip olduğunu ve bu değerlerin sosyal girişimlerini başlatmakta, sürdürmekte kendilerini doğrudan motive etkilediğine dair görgül kanıtlar sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal girişimcilerin ortak kabul edilmiş net bir tanımı olmadığı için sosyal girişimcilik ekosistemindeki aktörlerin değerlerini merkeze alan değer temelli yeni bir yaklaşım önerilmiştir. Bu amaçla sosyal girişimcilik ekosistemindeki aktörler değer merkezli incelenerek değer temelli, taklitçi ve değer çatışması yaşayan olmak üzere üç tip sosyal girişimci belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları bu üç tip sosyal girişimcinin arasında ayrım yapabilme konusunda uygulayıcılara ve politika yapıcılara rehberlik sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca değer temelli sosyal girişimciler değerlerine uygun davranışlar sergiledikleri ve anlamlı bir iş yaptıklarına inandıkları için manevi tatminleri daha güçlü olup zorluklara karşı daha büyük bir direnç göstermektedirler. Araştırmanın bir diğer önemli sonucu insanları sosyal girişimci olmaya ve toplumsal fayda odaklı değerlerini geliştirmeye yönelten temel unsurların; a) sosyo-ekonomik faktörler, b) kültürel ve kurumsal yapılar, c) aile, eğitim ve sosyal çevre, d) değerler ve kişilik, e) deneyimler ve f) işte anlam arayışı ile yakından ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın bir diğer önemli sonucu insanları sosyal girişimci olmaya ve bu yönde faaliyette bulunmaya yönlendiren temel unsurları belirleyerek akademisyenlere, uygulamacılara ve politika yapıcılara sosyal girişimciliği geliştirmek için yapılması gerekenler hakkında derin bir anlayış sunmaktadır. Son olarak araştırma bulguları sosyal girişimcilerin kültürel açıdan, insan kaynağı açısından, finansman sağlama ve hukuki açıdan çeşitli sorunlar yaşadıklarını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte sosyal girişimci olmanın uluslararası ilgi çeken bir konu olması nedeniyle destek ve hibelerin sayısının fazla olması, değerlerine uygun hareket ettikleri için güçlü maneviyat duymaları, ekosistemde hızlı öncü girişim olabilme gibi bazı avantajları da bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda tez sosyal girişimcilerin deneyimlerine odaklanarak sosyal girişimcilerin yaşadıkları zorluk ve kolaylıkları belirleyerek akademisyenlere, uygulamacılara ve politika yapıcılara değer temelli politikalar ve stratejiler önermektedir. Ayrıca çalışma sosyal girişimciliğe yönelik aile ve çevrede var olan olumsuz tutum ve algıların sosyal girişimciliğe yönelik farkındalık artıkça olumlu yönde değişebildiğine yönelik görgül kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda sosyal girişimciliğin daha fazla tanıtımının yapılarak sosyal girişimciliğe yönelik farkındalığın artırılması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca toplumsal fayda değerlerini çocukluktan itibaren yücelten ve geliştiren bir aile yapısı, eğitim hayatı ve sosyal çevre sağlanabilirse bireyler sosyal girişimciliğe ve toplumsal sorunlara daha fazla ilgi duyabilir.Social entrepreneurship is growing in importance for its contribution to addressing social problems and improving the welfare of society. Social entrepreneurs' values have a decisive role and significance in social entrepreneurship activities. However, there are extremely limited studies on the in-depth discussion of values and how they influence social entrepreneurs. This dissertation aims to explore how social entrepreneurs' values affect their social entrepreneurship activities. Another aim of the dissertation is to reveal social entrepreneurship and its problems by focusing on the experiences of social entrepreneurs. To achieve these aims, interpretative phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty-five social entrepreneurs using criterion and snowball sampling methods. To support the research data, the websites of the interviewed social entrepreneurs and the videos about them were analysed as secondary data. All data were subjected to interpretative phenomenology analysis with the help of NVivo 12 Plus software. The research findings are presented in five main themes: a) defining social entrepreneurship, b) core values of social entrepreneurs, c) value-based social entrepreneurship, d) key factors affecting being a social entrepreneur, and e) the benefits and challenges of being a social entrepreneur. The research provides empirical evidence that social entrepreneurs have collectivist and universal values such as benevolence, humanitarianism, justice, and equality and that these values directly motivate them to initiate and sustain their social enterprises. In addition, since there is no commonly accepted clear definition of social entrepreneurs, a new value-based approach that centres on the values of actors in the social entrepreneurship ecosystem is proposed. For this purpose, actors in the social entrepreneurship ecosystem are analysed in a value-centred way and three types of social entrepreneurs are defined as value-based, mimetic, and value-conflicted. The research results guide practitioners and policy makers in distinguishing between these three types of social entrepreneurs. Moreover, value-based social entrepreneurs exhibit behaviours in line with their values and believe that they are doing meaningful work, which leads to stronger moral satisfaction and greater resilience against challenges. Another important result of the research shows that the main factors that lead people to become social entrepreneurs and to develop their social benefit-oriented values are closely related to a) socio-economic factors, b) cultural and institutional structures, c) family, education and social environment, d) values and personality, e) experiences and f) the search for meaning in work. In this context, the other major outcome of the research is to identify the key factors that lead people to become social entrepreneurs and to engage in social entrepreneurship and to provide academics, practitioners, and policy makers with a deeper understanding of what needs to be done to develop social entrepreneurship. Finally, the research findings indicate that social entrepreneurs face various challenges in terms of cultural, human resources, financing, and legal aspects. However, being a social entrepreneur also has some advantages such as the high number of supports and grants since it is a subject that attracts international attention, a strong sense of spirituality because they act in accordance with their values, and the ability to become a pioneering enterprise in the ecosystem quickly. Focusing on the experiences of social entrepreneurs, the dissertation identifies the challenges and advantages of social entrepreneurs and suggests value-based policies and strategies for academics, practitioners, and policy makers. The study also provides empirical evidence that negative attitudes and perceptions towards social entrepreneurship in the family and social environment can change positively as awareness of social entrepreneurship increases. Social entrepreneurship should be promoted more, and awareness of social entrepreneurship should be increased. If a family structure, educational life, and social environment that glorifies and develops social benefit values from childhood can be achieved, individuals may be more interested in social entrepreneurship and social problems
Response of L. Scoparium and K. Robusta to biosolids and dairy shed effluent application in a low fertility soil
No full textBiosolids and Dairy Shed Effluent (DSE) can contain high concentrations of plant nutrients, making them potential resources for enhancing forest tree species growth and soil fertility. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biosolids and DSE application on the growth and nutrient uptake of Leptospermum scoparium and Kunzea robusta, while also considering the potential accumulation of contaminants. The results demonstrated that amending low-fertility soil with 2600 kg N ha-1 of biosolids and 200 kg N ha-1 of DSE positively influenced the growth of both L. scoparium and K. robusta. This improvement was evident through increased biomass production and enhanced uptake of essential elements such as calcium (Ca), potassium (K), and sulfur (S). Notably, L. scoparium exhibited superior growth when combined with DSE, while both species showed similar positive responses when combined with biosolids. However, it should be noted that the application of biosolids resulted in elevated concentrations of certain trace elements in the plants, whereas DSE did not. These trace elements included cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Despite the increase, the levels of these elements did not exceed unacceptable thresholds. Considering the potential influence of biosolids on plant rhizodeposition, it is recommended that future studies investigate the interactions between plant roots and microbes, particularly in relation to plant element uptake. This line of research would further enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the application of biosolids and DSE can effectively improve forest tree growth and nutrient uptake. However, careful management is necessary to mitigate the potential accumulation of trace elements. These results provide valuable insights for optimizing the use of biosolids and DSE in forestry practices, with potential economic and environmental benefits
Using advanced technologies to process data measured by a PM sensor
No full textTIM 2022 Physics Conference -- 23 November 2022 through 25 November 2022 -- Timisoara -- 199897Air pollution represents a significant problem for many cities around the world. Particulate matter pollution affects the population's health and environment. This study aims to use methods of exploratory and predictive data analysis for particulate matter concentrations by applying artificial intelligence techniques to a set of data given by a particulate matter sensor between September 9, 2021, and October 1, 2022. The sensor is placed in Craiova City, Romania, and measures three meteorological parameters (temperature, pressure, relative humidity) and three particulate matter concentrations. This study aims to apply methods like linear and polynomial regression to find correlations between variables. © 2024 Author(s).European Commission, E
Evaluation of the international investment arbitration system in the light of cases to which Turkey is a party
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Uluslararası İlişkiler Ana Bilim DalıUluslararası ekonomik ilişkiler içerisinde, devletler ile tabiiyetler arasındaki uluslararası yatırımlar önemli bir yer kaplamaktadır. Yatırım kaynaklı sermaye ve ekonomik etkileşim, uluslararası alanda yeni hukuki problemler meydana getirmiş, yatırımcı ile yatırımın gerçekleştirildiği ev sahibi devlet arasındaki yatırım sürecini düzenleyen kurallar bütünü olarak uluslararası yatırım hukuku ortaya çıkmıştır. Yatırım ilişkisinin tarafları arasındaki uluslararası uyuşmazlıkların çözümünde ise uluslararası yatırım tahkimi tercih edilmektedir. Uluslararası Yatırım Anlaşmazlıklarının Çözüm Merkezi (ICSID), bir tahkim ve uzlaştırma merkezi olarak yatırım tahkimi konusunda en önde gelen kuruluş olup, yatırım hukuku alanında uzman hakemler tarafından uyuşmazlıkların çözümlenmesini sağlayan bir merkezdir. Türkiye, ICSID Konvansiyonuna üyedir ve yatırım uyuşmazlıklarının çözümünde merkezi meşru bir çözüm yolu olarak kabul etmektedir. Bunun sonucunda ICSID nezdinde Türkiye'ye karşı uyuşmazlık yaşadığı yabancı yatırımcılar tarafından davalar açılmıştır. Tez çalışmasında, uluslararası yatırım hukuku kişileri ve kaynakları çerçevesinde, uluslararası yatırım tahkim sistemine ise ICSID özelinde kuruluş, yapı ve sistem açısından değinilmiştir. Sonrasında, uluslararası yatırım tahkim sisteminin en önemli öğesi ICSID nezdinde Türkiye'nin taraf olduğu, yabancı yatırımcılar tarafından açılan davalar uluslararası yatırım hukuku çerçevesinde ele alınmış, uluslararası yatırım tahkim sistemi değerlendirilmiştir.International investments have a significant position in the international economic relations between states and their nationalities. Investment-based capital and economic interaction have created new legal issues in the international arena, and international investment law has emerged as a set of rules that regulate the investment process between the investor and the host state where the investment is carried out. International investment arbitration is preferred mechanism in resolving international disputes between the parties. The International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), as an arbitration and mediation center, is the leading organization in investment arbitration and provides the resolution of disputes by arbitrators specialized in the field of investment law. Turkey is a member of the ICSID Convention and accepts the Center as a legitimate arena for solution of investment disputes. As a result, there have been arbitration cases filed against Turkiye by foreign investors before ICSID. In this thesis, international investment law is discussed within the framework of its parties and resources, and the international investment arbitration mechanism is discussed in terms of its establishment, structure and system, specifically at ICSID. Afterwards, the arbitration cases filed by foreign investors against Turkey before ICSID, international investment arbitration system were discussed and evaluated within the framework of international investment law
Why Is the Lack of Support for Women’s Rights Appealing? Considering the Roles of Dispositional System-Justifying Motives and Ambivalent Sexism
No full textAlthough the women’s rights movement has made various gains in recent years, there are many negative attitudes toward women and their rights in Turkey. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dispositional system-justifying motives and tendency to support women’s rights and to test the mediating role of sexist attitudes in this relationship. A total of 530 Turkish adults participated in the online study, with a mean age of 26.20 years (SD = 5.56). The results show that people with high system justification motivation (including dispositional system-justifying motives, high death anxiety, low need for cognition, and high need for recognition) indicated stronger ambivalent sexism toward women (including hostile and benevolent sexist attitudes). In turn, people with ambivalent sexist attitudes had less willingness to support women’s rights (considering attitudes toward women’s disadvantaged position in society and awareness and support for the Istanbul Convention). © (2024), (American Psychological Association). All Rights Reserved
Solitons of ?-Ricci-Bourguignon Type on Submanifolds in (LCS)m Manifolds
No full textIn this research article, we concentrate on the exploration of submanifolds in an (LCS)m-manifold B. We examine these submanifolds in the context of two distinct vector fields, namely, the characteristic vector field and the concurrent vector field. Initially, we consider some classifications of eta-Ricci-Bourguignon (in short, eta-RB) solitons on both invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds of B employing the characteristic vector field. We establish several significant findings through this process. Furthermore, we investigate additional results by using eta-RB solitons on invariant submanifolds of B with concurrent vector fields, and discuss a supporting example.Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2572022BC06]Lixu Yan is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572022BC06)
Perennial Baki™ Bean Safety for Human Consumption: Evidence from an Analysis of Heavy Metals, Folate, Canavanine, Mycotoxins, Microorganisms and Pesticides
No full textGlobal food production relies on annual grain crops. The reliability and productivity of these crops are threatened by adaptations to climate change and unsustainable rates of soil loss associated with their cultivation. Perennial grain crops, which do not require planting every year, have been proposed as a transformative solution to these challenges. Perennial grain crops typically rely on wild species as direct domesticates or as sources of perenniality in hybridization with annual grains. Onobrychis spp. (sainfoins) are a genus of perennial legumes domesticated as ancient forages. Baki (TM) bean is the tradename for pulses derived from sainfoins, with ongoing domestication underway to extend demonstrated benefits to sustainable agriculture. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence characterizing the nutritional quality of Baki (TM) bean. Through two studies, we investigated the safety of Baki (TM) bean for human consumption. We quantified heavy metals, folate, and canavanine for samples from commercial seed producers, and we quantified levels of mycotoxins, microorganisms, and pesticides in samples from a single year and seed producer, representing different varieties and production locations. The investigated analytes were not detectable or occurred at levels that do not pose a significant safety risk. Overall, this study supports the safety of Baki (TM) bean for human consumption as a novel pulse crop.Perennial Agriculture Project; Great Plains Analytical Laboratories; University of Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station Chemical LaboratoriesWe thank Alaska Ranch, Clearwater Seeds, and Montana Seeds for providing samples for analysis. We thank Great Plains Analytical Laboratories and the University of Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station Chemical Laboratories for the analysis of seed samples. Members of the Legume Program at The Land Institute prepared samples for analysis. Bo Meyering assisted with statistical analysis
An Overview of Synthetic Derivatives of Thiazole and Their Role in Therapeutics
No full textThiazole derivatives have attracted much attention in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse pharmacological activities. This study provides an overview of the latest synthetic derivatives of thiazole and their therapeutic applications. Innovative methodologies have been adopted to enhance the structural diversity and optimize the pharmacological properties of thiazolebased compounds. These synthetic derivatives exhibit a broad spectrum of therapeutic activities, and understanding the essential features responsible for the observed pharmacological effects has been pivotal in structureactivity relationship studies. Drug development efforts have focused on modulating thiazole derivatives for improved bioavailability, selectivity, and reduced toxicity. This abstract highlights the potential of thiazole derivatives in targeting specific biological activity, paving the way for developing innovative therapeutic agents. Thiazole moiety as a heterocyclic compound was studied for its different pharmacological actions. The derivatives obtained from thiazole have diverse therapeutic actions along with antimicrobial activity, antitubercular activity, antidiabetic activity, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory actions, and antitumor activities. The mechanism of actions of all these activities is also studied by the researcher to provide scientific evidence and validation of their actions. Utilization of synthetic chemistry for exploration of various pharmacological potential of thiazole derivatives will lead the future pharmacologists to a newer dimension for new drug discovery and also these derivatives can be further optimized for the development of alternative options for the treatment of various diseases. The versatility of thiazole scaffolds presents promising opportunities for discovering new drugs with enhanced efficacy and improved pharmacokinetic profiles. As researchers continue to delve into the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of thiazole derivatives, their significance in modern drug design and therapy becomes increasingly evident