Scholars @Bentley (Bentley University)
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Tech Note 2024-1 A Novel Framework to Estimate Social and Private Value Created Through Commercialization of a Pharmaceutical Product
Full text linkThis framework posits that the value created by a new medicine is embodied in the total health value (health benefit) provided to those using the products. This value is then distributed between social value and private value by the price paid for the product and how these revenues are expensed for different purposes. In this framework, the social value created includes the residual health value (net price paid) along with the scientific value, jobs creation, and social payments to public sector organizations. The private value created includes shareholder value (change in market capitalization plus cash distributions to shareholders) as well as payments made to other private sector organizations. Assessing both the social and private value created by new medicines may inform public policies intended address the needs and expectations of all stakeholders in pharmaceutical innovation
How Reflection Works in Transformative Dialogue/Mediation: A Preliminary Investigation
Full text linkTransformative dialogue and mediation (TD/M) is an approach to conflict resolution used in mediation and inter-group dialogues about social justice and race, political polarization, and ethnopolitical conflict. TD/M practitioners believe their approach supports the agency of participants and helps them interact with greater confidence, self-awareness, and understanding of the perspectives of others. However, previous research on TD/M has not yet addressed how it achieves those outcomes. This pilot study works to fill that gap by investigating how reflection, the most commonly used TD/M technique, is utilized in a facilitated meeting of the steering committee of a non-profit organization. We conduct a qualitative sequential analysis of a video-recorded interaction to investigate how TD/M reflection is done. We show how the TD/M facilitator of the meeting reflects participants’ statements with the techniques of mirroring, substituting, and omitting and how the participants respond to those reflections with agreement or repair. The results of the analysis are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding how TD/M facilitation works
Faculty OER Survey 2024 - Executive Summary
Full text linkThe Fall 2024 Faculty OER survey at Bentley University indicates a growing trend of faculty awareness and involvement with OER. Faculty members have shown a significant increase in familiarity with OER, indicating successful educational efforts. However, practical challenges such as the time required to select or develop resources and concerns about resource quality remain significant barriers. Despite these challenges, there is a noticeable reduction in uncertainty about how to implement OER, with faculty increasingly recognizing the importance of library support, administrative backing, financial incentives, and education on OER benefits. Continued efforts in these areas will be crucial to further promote the adoption and effective implementation of OER at Bentley University
CLIC Newsletter - Fall 2024
Full text linkPage 1: Home away from home handling homesickness
Page 3: Student Survival Guide
Page 5: Isabella Montalvan’s Study Abroad Journey
Page 7: Recipe From china: Malatang (麻辣烫)
Page 9: The Influence of Chinese Language in International Business
Page 10: Meet Sophia Rivera: a student leader
Page 12: Exploring Beyond Boston
Page 13: Restaurant Reviews
Page 16: Counting Z’s: A Look at Bentley Student’s Sleep Habits
Page 18: Breaking Barriers Through Language: Professor Matachana
Page 20: Code-Switching: Navigating Multiple Languages and Identities
Page 22: Samuel Leon\u27s Study Abroad Journey
Page 24: Chinese Event recap: Flavors and strokes
Page 26: Recipe: Cola chicken wings (可乐鸡翅）
Page 28: Culture Fest: Mardi gras event recap
Page 29: Hockey Four Nations Face Off
Page 31: Culture Fest: Italian trivia event recap
Page 32: Chinese Fashion
Page 34: Kelley Chen Interview
Page 35: Event Recap: Piñata Party
Page 36: Music: How Genres Unite Diverse Communities
Page 39: Interview with Yang Yu（杨语）: International Student
Page 40: Student Work: Reflection on Different Narratives
Page 41: Staff Overview
Page 42: Spring 25\u27 Course
Financial Market Intermediaries and Retail Investor Judgments
Full text linkThis dissertation examines how retail investors interact with three different financial market intermediaries – online stock brokerages, financial analysts, and auditors.
The first paper explores how trading restrictions impact retail investor perceptions of the brokerage that imposed the restriction contingent on the subsequent price trajectory of the stock. We find that when stock prices increase following a restriction (a non-gain), participants are more likely to react negatively to the brokerage than when stock prices decrease (a non-loss). This relationship is moderated by participants’ level of I-FoMO – or fear of missing out on investment information. These findings provide practical insight into how non-gains and non-losses can impact investor perceptions of trading restrictions. We also provide theoretical insight into the relatively new construct of I-FoMO.
The second paper examines retail investors’ assessment of the credibility of financial analysts based on characteristics of the analyst’s outputs (recommendations and earnings estimates) and financial relationship with the firm they cover. We find that in most cases directionally inconsistent revisions (e.g., a recommendation upgrade and decrease to earnings estimates) decrease investor perceptions of analyst credibility. However, when ulterior motives of the analyst are salient (i.e., the analyst is affiliated and provides an upward recommendation revision) the impact of an inconsistent revision on perceptions of analyst credibility is mitigated. We provide initial experimental evidence related to investor perceptions of inconsistent analyst revisions.
The third paper details how investors assess the credibility of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission auditors contingent on GHG performance and whether the GHG auditor concurrently audits the financial statements. I find that when GHG auditors concurrently audit the financial statements they are viewed as less credible than when they do not audit the financial statements. Additionally, when GHG performance is favorable, investors are more willing to invest in the company. The results should be of interest to the SEC as it provides initial evidence concerning how investors view the credibility of GHG auditors when they have multiple financial relationships with the firms they audit
Considering Returns on Federal Investment in the Negotiated “Maximum Fair Price” of Drugs Under the Inflation Reduction Act: an Analysis
Full text linkThe Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 contained landmark provisions authorizing government to negotiate a “maximum fair price” for selected Medicare Part D drugs considering the manufacturer’s research and development costs, federal support for discovery and development, the extent to which the drugs address unmet medical needs, and other factors. This working paper describes federal investment in the discovery and development of the ten drugs selected for price negotiation in the first year of the IRA as well as the health value created through Medicare Part D spending on these drugs. We identified 895.4 million/drug. This early public investment provided a median cost savings to industry of 126.4 billion (median 97.4 billion and the total health value created was 650,940 QALYs or 104K) representing a negative residual health value of -$29.7 billion (before rebates). We argue that a negotiated fair price should provide returns on both private and public investments in these products commensurate with the scale and risk of these investments, with the principal return on public sector investments being the residual health value (net price) accruing to those using the product. These empirical data provide a cost basis for negotiating a fair price that rewards early government investments in innovation and provides social value for the public
Being Open About Cancer: Interview with Barbara Reul, author of the open-licensed memoirs Perfect Timing and Right on Time
Full text linkWhile surviving cancer is a difficult endeavor, writing a book about the whole experience and publishing it with an open license is an additional struggle. Barbara Reul, a full professor of musicology at Luther College, University of Regina in Canada, was diagnosed with endometrial cancer in 2020. After undergoing twenty-eight targeted radiation therapy treatments and six rounds of chemo (all of which also occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic), Reul is fortunately cancer-free and has written two memoirs, Perfect Timing (2021) and Right On Time (2023), which chronicle her treatment and battle with cancer
OER Textbook Review for Public Speaking - (1) Exploring Public Speaking - (2) Stand Up Speak Out
Full text linkThis review by Dr. Stephanie Medden, Assistant Professor of English and Media Studies at Bentley University, evaluates two open textbooks: “Exploring Public Speaking: The OER College Public Speaking Textbook” and “Stand Up, Speak Out: The Practice and Ethics of Public Speaking.” Medden concludes that while both resources are good introductions for teaching public speaking, supplementation is recommended due to both textbooks being limited in covering multimodal communication
Student Textbook Survey 2024 - Executive Summary
Full text linkBetween September 30 and October 11, the Bentley University library conducted a student textbook survey. The purpose of the study was to gather data from students on textbook affordability. Students responded to 10-15 questions covering topics like how textbooks influence their purchasing decisions, their total expenditures on course materials during Fall 2024, and the potential effects of these purchases. The library aimed to gather insights on: Students’ views on current textbook prices Openness to adopting more affordable educational resources on campus Likely responses and behaviors if faced with high-cost educational materials Comparisons with findings from the Fall 2023 Student Textbook Surve
Comments Re: Draft Guidance Considering Exercise of March-In Rights - Docket No.: 230831-0207
Full text linkThis comment focuses on criterion #3 of the march-in provisions of the Bayh Dole Act, which pertains to “…action is necessary to meet requirements for public use specified by Federal regulations and such requirements are not reasonably satisfied by the contractor, assignee, or licensees.” We recognize that the term “public use” in Bayh Dole refers not only to commercialization or availability of products representing practical applications of the inventions made with federal funding and licensed to industry under the terms of the Act, but also use of these inventions to achieve a series of socioeconomic goals (i.e., access to and affordability of medicines). As such, we suggest that assessment of the march-in provisions of the Act should address not only the contractor, assignee, or licensee actions to commercialize practical applications of the subject invention, but also their actions in relation to the articulated socioeconomic goals of the Bayh Dole Act