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A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors: Examining Drivers of Alcohol Use in American Indian Youth
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/69ea7548-226b-4a08-bb08-5a6f285be5ab/thumb/128.jpgBackground: Alcohol use among North American Indigenous (NAI) youth is a significant concern, as they historically face higher risk of use, intoxication, and binge drinking compared to other U.S. youth. Although prior research has extensively studied the factors associated with alcohol use in this demographic, these findings have not yet been synthesized in a narrative review. Conducting a systematic review of these factors is crucial for informing the development of culturally relevant interventions and prevention programs. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and PsychInfo was conducted. Data was extracted using Microsoft Excel. Results: The review included 44 primary studies. Key protective factors identified were parental monitoring, family cohesion and support, positive school adjustment, school belonging, positive attitudes toward school, and involvement in extracurricular activities. Conclusion: This review reveals that while many determinants of alcohol use among NAI youth mirror those observed in other racial/ethnic groups, there are notable distinctions, particularly in the motives for alcohol use. Unlike their peers, NAI youth may drink more for intoxication rather than social affiliation in social contexts. Given the similarities in many risk factors, existing intervention strategies used for general youth populations can be adapted for NAI youth. However, incorporating culturally specific elements could enhance their effectiveness. This review's focus was limited to alcohol use, which may not fully represent the nuances of substance use behaviors among NAI youth. Future research should consider exploring broader types of substance use to provide a more comprehensive understanding of these dynamics
Extending Galois Connections between Posets to their Representations
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/cfea666e-5a11-4c94-b0dc-c464866f8ad6/thumb/128.jpg"Galois connections between two partially ordered sets generalize the notion of an isomorphism between posets. Because of their connections to topological data analysis (TDA), representations of and have been studied extensively recently. One difficulty is that while representations of all decompose into nice representations, this is most definitely not the case for . In this thesis we study Galois connections, and show that a Galois connection between two posets extends to an adjoint identity on their representations. With TDA in mind, of particular interest is the case when one poset is a curve in , and the other is itself. If is any representation of , using our identity we come up with a combinatorial interpretation of the dimensions of along a curve in .
Prevention of Metadata Leakage in Augmented Secret Sharing
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/0d801138-71a2-4b1d-9df0-aaf279bfd79e/thumb/128.jpgIn this paper, I work on hiding the access structure from potential adversaries in an augmented secret sharing environment. I base my schemes off recent work on augmenting secret sharing to give additional authentication and error correcting guarantees. I work through various levels of security guarantees, starting with hiding the amount of shares created, then hiding the threshold from an adversary with a small number of shares, and then all the way to hiding the entire access structure. I also investigate the possibility of hiding the access structure outside of the threshold environment. I conclude by showing where future work could go on the attempt to hide the access structure without violating other guarantees or making schemes inefficient past the point of usability
Benjamin-Ono Periodic Traveling Waves: Pole Dynamics and Dispersion Relations
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/4bde7084-c99c-4670-8915-f0ec49971f65/thumb/128.jpgThe Benjamin-Ono (BO) equation is a nonlinear and nonlocal dispersive wave equation that models fluid interfaces v(x,t) in (1+1)-dimensions. In this thesis, we study the periodic traveling wave solutions of the BO equation from the perspective of the "pole ansatz'' of Case (1979). In chapter 1, we give a self-contained derivation of the result of Case (1979): for certain spatially periodic initial conditions v(x,0) associated to N poles q_1(0),...,q_N(0) in the unit disk, the BO equation for v(x,t) reduces to an interacting N-body problem of Calogero type for q_1(t),...,q_N(t) in the unit disk. In chapter 2, we present an explicit formula for a periodic traveling wave, then prove that it solves the BO equation by reducing it to special N-clock solutions of the associated N-body problem. In chapter 3, for a fixed real scalar a, we give two derivations of the dispersion relation for the linearization of the BO equation around the constant solution v(x,t)=a: first by direct linearization, then by a low-amplitude analysis of the nonlinear periodic traveling waves. This linearization of BO is naturally associated to the linearization of the N-body problem around the special fixed point at which all N poles coincide at the origin. To supplement our theoretical analysis, we investigated numerical simulations of the N-body problem in the case N=1,2,3,4,5 to both verify our results and illustrate the striking integrability of this model
Can you get this A(u)tomatically? The Efficacy of Focus-Deficits through Atomoxetine Treatment
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/7b41b921-0f83-4299-a1be-cc2812a63f99/thumb/128.jpgAtomoxetine is a norepinephrine alternative drug to amphetamine drugs, such as Adderall, used to treat focus deficits in individuals who suffer from cognitive impairments, such as those diagnosed with ADHD. The market surrounding pharmaceuticals also fails to provide many studies on preclinical research to verify the claims that drugs for their intended treatment methods are even currently approved under the FDA. This thesis project focuses, on focus – a behavior that can be treated through Atomoxetine treatment. A modified version of the Signal Detection Task (SDT) was created to test focus within trained rats to assess the efficacy of Atomoxetine in treating focus deficits within individuals. Male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR, N=18), a model species known to exhibit the same symptoms as individuals with ADHD, were subjected to a within-subject design to handle three dosage amounts at a control saline injection, a low dose, and a high dose through intraperitoneal (IP) injections. Rats were subjected to two rounds of dosage amounts and tasked to complete the SDT after treatment. Data was plotted using ANOVA testing that was unable to show a significant difference for most dose days against the baseline, except for a small decrease in criteria rate for low dose recovery day 2 and high dose recovery day 2 in the second round of rats. When groups were plotted against the control dosage groups, there was a significant difference in increasing criteria rate in the high dosage group in round 2. Although the results were not readily credible, due to the small amount of significant data, there are indications that injections with high doses of Atomoxetine will help treat focus deficits in individuals. Thus, this project was able to slightly prove the claim that focus deficits were able to be treated using the pharmaceutical drug Atomoxetine
Mind the Gap
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/7694d9b8-9be3-48de-9b9b-7486c0ab70c2/thumb/128.jpg"Mind the Gap" is a collection of poems about experiences on public and commercial transportation
"What Can Be Done": Maternity and Immigration in Britain, 1948-1971
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/ab140a43-5ddc-481d-b701-c7d5fa05d147/thumb/128.jpgPopulation concerns in a consistently declining British population came to a head in the post-World War II era. The country’s government decided to provide legislative, financial, and organizational aid to healthcare systems, specifically those surrounding maternity, and immigration starting in 1948. Although much research focuses on these topics separately, there is a lack of attention paid to the intersection between the two related subjects of immigration and maternal healthcare. This thesis seeks to fill the knowledge gap between the two subjects and address them as entangled and necessarily linked, asking why and how the topics do or do not intersect. Findings communicate immigration and maternity care policies related by Britain’s attempt to rebuild a workforce after World War II. An increase in births and a lack of infrastructural anticipation as well as a greatly widened immigration policy led to twin crises: one of a surplus of non-white immigrants and one of a shortage of maternity beds. The two crises intersected yet again in the court of public opinion, where immigrant occupants were blamed for the shortage of maternity beds. These findings imply that more attention should be paid to the intersection between maternal healthcare and immigration and race
Hopf Bifurcation of Time-Delayed Nonlinear Self-Oscillation
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/2508a161-58e7-4061-b3fd-b62015b4e1b9/thumb/128.jpgSelf-oscillation is a nonlinear phenomenon in which an oscillator exhibits periodic motion without oscillatory inputs. With the purpose of continuing research into amplitude death, led by Lucas Illing's theoretical findings for directly coupled oscillators [Phys. Rev. E 94, 022215 (2016)], a time-delayed nonlinear self-oscillator was constructed with a nonlinear component, a delay circuit, a bandpass filter, and a gain section. Hopf bifurcation points were found experimentally to produce a graph that is consistent with theoretical results
Natural Reason, the Body, and Selfhood in Ceremony and The Woman Who Owned the Shadows
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/4b028967-2d12-4a5a-ba2d-930a311ea825/thumb/128.jpgThis thesis is a compilation of analysis on Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony and The Woman Who Owned the Shadows by Paula Gunn Allen, and an attempt to locate each text in conversation with the other. In particular, it explores each text’s incorporation of and engagement with notions of natural reason through examining the textual relationships between bodies, place, and identity
The Carnality of Humanity: Meat and Multidirectional Memory in Soviet-Jewish Literature of the Bloodlands
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/d57bf3f7-5818-4dc5-b22f-cf115899c6e2/thumb/128.jpgThis thesis will be focusing on the application of historian Michael Rothenberg’s concept of multidirectional memory in the literary works of Vasily Grossman, Anatoly Kuznetsov, Friedrich Gorenstein, and Anatoly Rybakov. Rothberg’s ‘multidirectional memory’ is a framework in which different atrocities can be processed in dialogue with one another. This thesis will be looking at three specific Soviet atrocities addressed within the texts of these writers–Babi Yar, the Holodomor, and the Gulag–and their relationship to the Holocaust. All of these atrocities are entangled within the collective consciousness of Soviet memory through their shared history within the same geographical region, which historian Timothy Snyder refers to as the ‘bloodlands.’ My specific aim for this thesis is to demonstrate the role of the symbol of meat in these literary works, which served to symbolize the carnality of humanity in light of atrocities, and how it exemplifies the presence of multidirectional memory in the symbol’s ability to allow these writers to connect atrocities to one another