Revistas UTB ( Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar)
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Building One’s Own Ladder: The Case of China’s Path of State-Assisted Development
Full text linkRecent US administrations have criticized China for taking a path of development marked by allegedly unfair methods of state assistance to the industrial sector. This article sets out to understand if such support is unusual in the light of the very historical experience of development of countries like the United States. The article carries out its analysis through the lens of Ha-joon Chang’s argument on kicking away the ladder, which posits that all developed countries have become so thanks to the ladder of state-assisted development; it argues further that, once they have reached such heights, they have kicked down the ladder for others, falsely peddling the alleged virtues of free markets. An initial review of recent US actions and Chinese history finds that both have followed the path of state-assisted development, making this a less than unusual strategy for development for other countries
Recent Developments
Full text linkEditor-in-Chief Andres Marrugo discusses the latest developments in the journal
Power Shunt Capacitor Bank Management Model Based on Life Expectancy and Risk Overtime
Full text linkIn this paper is presented a model to assess shunt power capacitor banks. The model seeks to support decision making by optimizing incomes and considering risk. Hence, to model incomes the revenue, maintenance cost, electrical losses, dismantling cost and risk are considered. The risk is monetized as a critical cost times probability of failure. Probability of failure is estimated using shunt bank degradation. To assess the model, the data of an operating shunt bank was used and the Colombian regulation was assumed for financial values. As a result, different maintenance strategies was evaluated in order to know the optimum one
Impacts of the Inclusion of Distributed Generation on Congestion of Distribution Networks and in the Islanding Operation Capability
Full text linkThe growing demand for electricity in the world has led to power systems having to constantly increase their generation capacity and expand their transmission and distribution systems. Consequently, distributed generation has positioned as a technology able to integrate generation close to consumption centers, freeing up capacity in the transport systems, which can be translated into a deferral of investments in network expansion. Therefore, this paper analyzes the impact of the inclusion of distributed generation in the congestion of a typical distribution network and evaluates the potential of providing the island operation capability ancillary service in a section of the system to identify the possible challenges and benefits that the development of this technical support service could have in typical Colombian distribution networks.The growing demand for electricity in the world has led to power systems having to constantly increase their generation capacity and expand their transmission and distribution systems. Consequently, distributed generation has positioned as a technology able to integrate generation close to consumption centers, freeing up capacity in the transport systems, which can be translated into a deferral of investments in network expansion. Therefore, this paper analyzes the impact of the inclusion of distributed generation in the congestion of a typical distribution network and evaluates the potential of providing the island operation capability ancillary service in a section of the system to identify the possible challenges and benefits that the development of this technical support service could have in typical Colombian distribution networks
Para luchar contra la ignorancia
Full text linkFactfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World — and Why Things are Better Than You Think Hans Rosling, Ola Rosling and Anna Rosling Rönnlund New York: Flatiron Books, 2018, 342 p.Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World — and Why Things are Better Than You Think Hans Rosling, Ola Rosling and Anna Rosling Rönnlund New York: Flatiron Books, 2018, 342 p
Demand Side Management Studies on Distributed Energy Resources: A Survey*
Full text linkThe number of distributed environmentally friendly energy sources and generators necessitates new operating methods and a power network board to preserve or even increase the efficiency and quality of the power supply. Similarly, the growth of matriculates promotes the formation of new institutional systems, in which power and power exchanges become increasingly essential. Because of how an inactive entity traditionally organizes distribution systems, the DG’s connection inevitably changes the system’s qualifications to which it is connected. As a consequence of the Distributed Generation, this presumption is currently legal and non-existent. This article glides on demand side management and analysis on distributed energy resources. Investigation of DSM along with zonal wise classification has been carried out in this survey. Its merits and applications are also presented.The number of distributed environmentally friendly energy sources and generators necessitates new operating methods and a power network board to preserve or even increase the efficiency and quality of the power supply. Similarly, the growth of matriculates promotes the formation of new institutional systems, in which power and power exchanges become increasingly essential. Because of how an inactive entity traditionally organizes distribution systems, the DG’s connection inevitably changes the system’s qualifications to which it is connected. As a consequence of the Distributed Generation, this presumption is currently legal and non-existent. This article glides on demand side management and analysis on distributed energy resources. Investigation of DSM along with zonal wise classification has been carried out in this survey. Its merits and applications are also presented
Herramienta de simulación para el análisis de flujo óptimo clásico utilizando multiplicadores de Lagrange
Full text linkEl análisis del flujo óptimo es un problema complejo y desafiante por sus características no lineales. La inclusión de restricciones de potencia y los modelos de las líneas de transmisión hacen complejo determinar el respectivo despacho. Los multiplicadores de Lagrange son un método de optimización clásico que permite solucionar problemas de despacho económico de múltiples variables sujetas con diversas restricciones. Este articulo presenta el desarrollo de una herramienta de simulación denominada SOPF (Software Optimal Power Flow), desarrollada en Guide-Matlab y que permite analizar el problema de flujo óptimo clásico de un sistema de potencia con pérdidas y con restricciones de potencia activa, el simulador desarrollado es un herramienta académica de apoyo para los estudiantes, profesores y personas interesadas en la aplicación de algoritmos de optimización para la operación económica de sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Como métricas, el simulador determina el despacho de la potencia activa de cada generador, los costos de generación de la potencia despachada, el aporte de cada máquina, los costos incrementales y las pérdidas de acuerdo al balance de potencia. Finalmente, los resultados se presentan a través de dos casos de estudio: flujo óptimo clásico con pérdidas y sin restricciones de potencia activa y flujo óptimo clásico con pérdidas y con restricciones de potencia activa. Para ambos casos, se obtienen errores inferiores al 1 %.El análisis del flujo óptimo es un problema complejo y desafiante por sus características no lineales. La inclusión de restricciones de potencia y los modelos de las líneas de transmisión hacen complejo determinar el respectivo despacho. Los multiplicadores de Lagrange son un método de optimización clásico que permite solucionar problemas de despacho económico de múltiples variables sujetas con diversas restricciones. Este articulo presenta el desarrollo de una herramienta de simulación denominada SOPF (Software Optimal Power Flow), desarrollada en Guide-Matlab y que permite analizar el problema de flujo óptimo clásico de un sistema de potencia con pérdidas y con restricciones de potencia activa, el simulador desarrollado es un herramienta académica de apoyo para los estudiantes, profesores y personas interesadas en la aplicación de algoritmos de optimización para la operación económica de sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Como métricas, el simulador determina el despacho de la potencia activa de cada generador, los costos de generación de la potencia despachada, el aporte de cada máquina, los costos incrementales y las pérdidas de acuerdo al balance de potencia. Finalmente, los resultados se presentan a través de dos casos de estudio: flujo óptimo clásico con pérdidas y sin restricciones de potencia activa y flujo óptimo clásico con pérdidas y con restricciones de potencia activa. Para ambos casos, se obtienen errores inferiores al 1 %
Departamento del Cesar: Un análisis de la estructura productiva, 1990 – 2018
Full text linkThis article contains the results of the analysis of the productive structure of the department of Cesar, Colombia, between 1990 and 2018. I review the concepts of economic and productive structures, and local productive systems, and then addresses the importance of policies implemented in the department throughout the period of study. In order to identify the behavior of the productive structure in the territory, I use the SECRE (Sector-Region) model —proposed by the Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLAC)— as an analysis tool. The results show clear changes in the economic structure of the department in the last three decades; in particular, in its level of specialization, location and restructuring of the productive apparatus.Este documento contiene los resultados del análisis de la estructura productiva del departamento del Cesar, Colombia, entre 1990 y 2018. Se parte de la revisión de los conceptos de estructuras económica y productiva, y sistemas productivos locales, y se aborda la importancia de las políticas públicas implementadas en el departamento a lo largo del período de estudio. Con el propósito de identificar el comportamiento de la estructura productiva en el territorio, se usa el modelo SECRE (Sector-Región) —propuesto por la Comisión Económica para Amércia Latina (CEPAL)— como herramienta de análisis. Los resultados muestran claros cambios en la estructura económica del departamento en las últimas tres décadas; en particular, en su nivel de especialización, localización y reestructuración del aparato productivo
Implementation of an Energy Management System in Colombian Manufacturing - A Methodological Approach
Full text linkThis paper aims to analyze mechanisms such as the Energy management systems approach in industry 4.0. The paper is a review of techniques for optimizing energy consumption with energy efficiency, advanced metering infrastructure andrational and efficient use of energy to reduce the pollution as well as to strengthen Industry 4.0 models and the monitoring and management opportunities that exist with the implementation of this models in Colombia.This paper aims to analyze mechanisms such as the Energy management systems approach in industry 4.0. The paper is a review of techniques for optimizing energy consumption with energy efficiency, advanced metering infrastructure andrational and efficient use of energy to reduce the pollution as well as to strengthen Industry 4.0 models and the monitoring and management opportunities that exist with the implementation of this models in Colombia
Transición demográfica y sus consecuencias en la matrícula universitaria en Colombia
Full text linkDemographic transition in Colombia, as well as in the world, has restructured the age composition of the population and has imposed new challenges on various sectors of society. In this paper we analyze this phenomenon and its effects on the demand for higher education and, in particular, on the university population. Through the analysis of census data, records of the Saber 11 tests and data from the National Information System for Higher Education (SNIES in spanish), we find a decrease in both the size of the cohorts of students entering and completing high school as well as the demand for higher education. The argument that explains these facts, which also differ between regions, revolves around the decline in fertility in Colombia.La transición demográfica en Colombia, así como en el mundo, ha reestructurado la composición por edad de la población y ha impuesto nuevos retos a diversos sectores de la sociedad. En este trabajo analizamos este fenómeno y sus efectos sobre la demanda por educación superior y, en particular, sobre la población universitaria. A través del análisis de datos censales, registros de las pruebas Saber 11 y datos del Sistema Nacional de Información de la Educación Superior (SNIES), se observa una disminución tanto del tamaño de las cohortes de estudiantes que ingresan y finalizan el bachillerato como de la demanda por educación superior. El argumento que explica estos hechos, que además difieren entre regiones, gira alrededor de la disminución de la fecundidad en Colombia