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Socio-Economic Link between Poverty, Environment and Tourism around Protected Areas: A Case Study of CommunitiesAdjacent to Ruma National Park, Kenya
Get PDFIn many parts of the world, the degradation of land and water resources is worsening while the social and economic conditions of people are not being improved. Among the reasons for this is the perception held by some that the sustainable management of the environment and economic development are competing priorities. Economists and social scientists concede that a causal link exists between the states of the environment vis-à-vis the levels of income in any population, particularly for underdeveloped and developing economies. Kenya’s chances of realizing its vision 2030 will depend increasingly on the way the country manages its natural or nature-based assets. The implication therefore is that the environment should not be treated as a competitor but as a core component of the natural resource base of human and social development. This work assessed the nature and state of the environment poverty-tourism relationship at Ruma National Park (RNP), Kenya. Basically, the work evaluated how existence of the park has contributed to development and poverty reduction, or the lack of them, for the adjacent communities. The study was based on the ideology that hardly will local populations conserve a natural resource that they are not benefiting from. The results revealed that despite their support for conservation of the park and the ecosystem, the general feel within the local population is that a lot needs to be done if the ecosystem is to be conserved sustainably. Based on the findings of the study, the paper recommends strategies for the realization of environmental sustainability which is the gateway to achievement of all the other UNMDGs
Entrepreneurial Marketing Strategies and Sustainability ofHospitality Event Management Ventures in Eldoret Town,Kenya
Get PDFMarketing assist entrepreneurs achieve their business goals and objectives hence, choosing and adopting the right strategies is crucial in determining the sustainability of an Event Management Venture (EMV) in terms of profitability, increase in market share and attracting new customers. Strategies employed by competitors can negatively affect sustainability of EMVs. This paper explored the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing strategies adopted and sustainability of hospitality eventmanagement ventures within Eldoret Town. It specifically determined the relationship between unethical marketing strategies, growth strategies, pricing strategies promoted by the ventures and sustainability of event ventures. The study used a correlation research design and a target population of 43 entrepreneurs. Data was collected by use of structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.Additionally, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the following hypotheses: Ho1- there is no significant relationship between unethical marketing strategies and sustainability of EMVs; Ho2- there is no significant relationship between growth strategies and sustainability of EMVs and Ho 3- there is no significant relationship between pricing strategies and sustainability of EMVs. Findings from the study revealed that the entrepreneurial marketing strategies such as lowering prices for products and services and discrediting competitors were detrimental to the growth and survival of the ventures despite the fact that they were beneficial to the entrepreneur on a short-term basis. Consequently, as entrepreneurs engaged in cut-throat competition and played undercutting tactics, they failed to maximize profits which could affect the sustainability of ventures. The results of the hypotheses tested showed an insignificantly weak relationship between the strategies and sustainability of ventures. All three hypothesis tested recorded an r>0.5 and p>0.005 indicating that the coefficient is insignificantly different from 0. The study concludes that entrepreneurial marketing strategies are unrelated to sustainability of EMVs
Residents’ Perception of Slum Tourism Development in Kibera,Nairobi, Kenya
Get PDFThe development of slum tourism in Kibera and other slums around the world has generated considerable reactions from many commentators as evidenced by the numerous reports in the international news agencies. This paper examines the attitudes and perceptions of Kibera residents towards the development of slum tourism and the major factors influencing these attitudes and perceptions. A mixed methodsresearch approach was employed for the study. Questionnaires, semi-structured in-depth interviews and participant observation as an auxiliary instrument were used to collect primary data. A total of 13 residents selected purposively were interviewed. Questionnaires were also administered to 168 households selected randomly in Kibera slums. Data was analyzed both quantitatively using multiple regression andcorrelations and qualitatively using thematic analysis. The findings indicated that the residents of Kibera slums generally hold negative attitudes towards slum tourism. Both intrinsic factors, e.g. age and external factors like the level of benefits, and social impacts accruing from slum tourism were found to shape the attitudes of the residents. The outcomes of this study consolidate the body of knowledge in the context of resident perception of slum tourism. Utilizing the findings can help maintain a harmonious relationship between the host residents and tourists. Understanding the antecedents of support by local residents towards tourism development is crucial for policy makers and businesses because the success and sustainability of any development depends on active support of the local population. It is also one of the few attempts to examine the influence of intrinsic factors not just on the attitudes asa whole, but either on positive or negative attitudes. The study recommends that the tourism players should allow and enhance interactions between the slum tourists and the locals to foster a harmonious relationship between the host residents and tourists
Perceived Factors Affecting Consumption of Indigenous Foodsin Selected Hotels in Nakuru County, Kenya
Get PDFThe main objective of this study was to investigate the perceived factors affecting consumption of Kenyan indigenous foods in Nakuru County. The study was carried using descriptive survey design. The sample size was 140. Purposive sampling was used to select the hotels while stratified random sampling was used to select respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data, while secondary data was obtained from journals, books and hotel records. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. From the results it was established that the frequency of eating Kenya indigenous food varied between the different age brackets (X 2 = 22.037, df=4, P=0.000). It was also noted that there exists a positive relationship between consumption of indigenous food and sensory characteristics of the food