EANSO East African Nature and Science Organization Journals
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Integrating Digital Literacy and Competency-Based Curriculum in Higher Education: A Framework for 21st Century Entrepreneurship Education in Kenya
Get PDFThis study explores the integration of digital literacy within competency-based curriculum (CBC) frameworks in higher education, with a specific emphasis on entrepreneurship education in Kenya. Employing an integrative literature review methodology, the paper synthesizes empirical studies, theoretical models, and policy documents to evaluate how digital competencies can be effectively embedded in CBC to enhance entrepreneurship training outcomes. CBC emphasizes demonstrable skills such as creativity, critical thinking, communication, and digital literacy over content memorization. Digital literacy, positioned as a core enabler of 21st-century entrepreneurship education, encompasses technical, informational, collaborative, and problem-solving skills necessary for digital innovation and global market engagement. However, integration is constrained by limited teacher preparedness, resource scarcity, infrastructure deficits, and misaligned assessment strategies. The study proposes a structured digital literacy integration framework, alongside recommendations for ongoing professional development, infrastructure investment, and performance-based assessment. Findings indicate that digital literacy not only supports other CBC competencies but also strengthens entrepreneurship education by equipping students with the tools to innovate, adapt, and thrive in a competitive digital econom
Tathmini ya Mchango wa Tafsiri Katika Maendeleo ya Fasihi Linganishi
Get PDFMakala hii inatathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi. Tafsiri ni daraja la mawasiliano na utangamano wa jamii zinazozungumza lugha tofauti na zenye tamaduni tofauti. Tangu awali, kazi za fasihi za lugha mbalimbali zilitafsiriwa kutoka lugha moja kwenda lugha nyingine. Kupitia tafsiri hizo, jamii mbalimbali ulimwenguni hupata maarifa na ufahamu kuhusu maisha, tamaduni, lugha na fasihi ya jamii nyingine. Kutokana na uhalisia huo makala hii inalidurusu suala la tafsiri na fasihi linganishi kwa kutathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi. Lengo la makala hii ni kutathmini mchango wa tafsiri katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi ya Kiswahili. Makala hii inajadili umuhimu wa tafsiri katika kufanikisha ulinganishaji wa kazi za fasihi na pia inajadili matatizo ya tafsiri katika fasihi linganishi. Utafiti huu ni wa maktabani ambapo data za makala zake zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya usomaji makini. Aidha, nadharia ya hii imetumia nadharia ya ulinganifu wa kidhima katika kujadili na kufafanua data na matokeo ya utafiti huu. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kuwa kuwa tafsiri ina mchango mkubwa katika maendeleo ya fasihi linganishi kwa sababu ni vigumu kuliganisha fasihi ya lugha ya jamii fulani bila kuitafsiri. Hivyo, tafsiri ni nyenzo na msingi madhubuti wa kuelewa fasihi za jamii nyingine na pia ni daraja muhimu la ufahamu na utambuzi wa kufanana, kuhusiana na kutofautiana kwa fasihi za lugha na tamaduni mbalimbali dunian
Exploring the Influence of Institutional Management Practices on Student Discipline: A Case Study of Makerere University and Kampala International University
Get PDFThis study explores the influence of institutional management practices on student discipline in Ugandan universities, focusing on Makerere University and Kampala International University. A qualitative approach, guided by interpretivism, pragmatism, and constructivism, was employed to understand how management practices shape student behaviour. Using a descriptive case study design, data were collected through focus groups, interviews, document reviews, and observations from a diverse group of 40 participants, including students, lecturers, administrators, and police officers. Thematic analysis revealed that factors such as administrative transparency, accessible services, orientation programs, and consistent timetabling highly influenced student responsibility, compliance, and honesty. The study highlights the importance of student-centric management practices in fostering a disciplined academic environment. Despite limitations in scope, the study provides valuable insights into the role of institutional management in enhancing student discipline and contributes to ongoing discourses in higher education governanc
Job Stress and Turnover Intention among In-Service Teachers in Lira City and Wakiso District, Uganda
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job stress and turnover intention among in-service teachers. We specifically examined the level of job stress, teacher turnover intention, and the nexus between these variables. A quantitative research approach and a correlational research design were used to examine the relationship between these two constructs. A sample of 500 respondents was identified using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Data collection was done by use of self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using Stata 18. The hypothesis was tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r). Results revealed a low level of job stress (mean = 2.86 SD =1.34) among in-service teachers with some elements of variations in responses. This implies that there could be some teachers who were experiencing job stress though the majority don’t. For turnover intention, an overall mean score of 3.10 with an SD of 1.46 obtained in this study shows a moderate level of turnover intention among teachers, representing a range of sentiments on retention and work satisfaction. There was no significant difference in the level of job stress (t=.15, p >.05) and turnover intention (t=1.41, p >.05) between teachers from Lira City and Wakiso District. Further results revealed a significant positive correlation between job stress and turnover intention (r = 0.69, p < 0.05). We concluded that job stress significantly influences turnover intention thus reducing job-related stressors could potentially suppress the development of turnover intention among in-service teachers. We, therefore, recommend the need to reduce job stress by addressing workload concerns through hiring or recruiting more teachers, reducing class sizes, creating a supportive work environment, and having regular breaks or time off to reduce burnout and stress so that employees can rejuvenate both physically and emotionally. Besides, teachers need to be empowered with stress management strategie
Collaborative Parenting: Fatherhood and Motherhood Role Transformations Amidst COVID-19 Crisis and Implication on Child Well-being in Mukono District, Uganda
Get PDFThe major occurrences of COVID-19 in Uganda and their impact on parental roles in Uganda are not negligible. Using a qualitative phenomenological design, with in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, this study interrogated how collaborative parenting influenced motherhood and fatherhood role transformations amidst the COVID-19 crisis and its implication on child well-being in Mukono district, Uganda. While global literature documents these changes since the 18th century, empirical evidence in Africa, particularly Uganda, is limited. Conducted in the Nakisunga sub-county and Goma division, findings indicate that pre-existing parental role constructions influenced role evolution during the pandemic, affecting child well-being differently depending on whether parents fulfilled roles individually or collaboratively. The study highlights the importance of collaborative parental roles. Recommendations and implications of the theory are embedde
Aesthetics of Transnationalism: Reading Ronnie Govender’s Song of The Atman as a Diasporic Text
Get PDFThis research paper examines the diasporic aesthetics depicted in Ronnie Govender’s novel Song of the Atman (2006). Positioned as an epic narrative, the novel centres on Chin Govender, a character symbolically representing Ronnie Govender’s uncle, underscoring Govender’s prolificacy as a playwright with notable works including Beyond Calvary (1970) and The Lahnee’s Pleasure (1976), which transitioned into novel form in 2008. Govender’s literary prowess culminated in winning the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize for Best First Book. The study aimed to elucidate the nuances of diaspora and diasporic identities by historically contextualizing the term’s evolution. Initially confined to describing the dispersal of Jews from the Middle East, the concept of diaspora has evolved to encompass a broader definition, encapsulating all communities forced to migrate to multiple destinations. This expanded conceptual framework is then applied to the South Asian diasporic context, highlighting four principal migration patterns: Asian traders, indentured labourers, professionals and expatriates, and asylum seekers fleeing political and religious persecution. The research delves into Govender’s novel to uncover the aesthetic expressions of tradition and modernity within South Asian diasporic communities. It reveals how the novel serves as a vibrant chronicle of these communities’ steadfast cultural roots intertwined with their embrace of diverse modern cultural form
Evaluating the Effects of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on Skills Development in Lusaka District, Zambia
Get PDFThis study investigates the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in fostering skills development in Lusaka District, Zambia. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative data from 210 respondents across retail, service, and manufacturing sectors with qualitative insights from interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative analysis reveals a strong positive correlation (r = 0.740, p < 0.01) between SME training programs and skills development outcomes, with regression results showing a significant effect (B = 0.305, p < 0.001). Key findings highlight that SMEs enhance employee productivity, innovation, and retention through tailored, practical training programs. However, challenges such as resource constraints, time limitations, and inadequate external support restrict their capacity to implement comprehensive initiatives. The study emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts between SMEs, government, and educational institutions to address these barriers and maximize their potential as incubators of talent. Policy recommendations include subsidized training programs, infrastructure development, and fostering partnerships to ensure SMEs' sustainability and competitiveness in driving economic growt
Demographic Factors and Performance of Women SMES: a Review
Get PDFThis study explored the influence of demographic factors on the performance of women-led SMEs. Through a systematic literature review, 66 articles published from 1995 to 2025 were analyzed from Google Scholar, Emerald Insight, Taylor and Francis, Wiley Online and Sage databases. The information was analyzed through thematic and manual content analysis. The study considered title analysis, regional analysis, theoretical analysis, variable analysis and data methods analysis as themes or variables of specific objectives of the study. The findings reveal that demographic variables such as education, access to finance, and family responsibilities significantly impact women's SME performance. The findings further indicated that most of the studies focused on urban settings in developing countries. Feminist theory, entrepreneurship theory, and social capital theory are the most frequently applied theories, while human capital and social learning theories are underutilized despite their relevance. The findings further indicate that regression analysis is the most commonly used method because it depicts well the relationships between multiple variables and assesses their impact on women’s SME performance. Moreover, the findings indicate that most studies assess the role of family responsibilities in promoting women's SME performance. To enhance women's SME performance, policymakers should prioritize education, financial inclusion, and networking support. Future research should adopt broader theoretical perspectives and diverse methodologies to overcome the study’s limitations
Effect of Staff Incentives on Performance of Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies in Tanzania: Moderation Role of Institutional Culture
Get PDFThis study was conducted in Tanzania intending to assess the effect of incentives on the performance of SACCOS in Tanzania: moderation role of institutional factor culture. The study was guided by Herzberg's two factors theory and Institution theory. It used a positivism research philosophy and a deductive research approach. It adopted an explanatory research design and a simple random sampling technique. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 143 SACCOs in the Dar es Salaam region. A sample of 143 was selected from a population of 517 SACCOS. Data were analysed using multiple regression analysis with the assistance of IBM SPSS version 26. The findings obtained from this study suggest that staff incentives had a positive and significant effect on the performance of SACCOS and the moderation role of institutional factor culture had a positive and significant effect on incentives. The study recommends improving the performance of SACCOS, the Government and the Tanzania Cooperative Development Commission to set policies that guide all SACCOS in Tanzania to have a department of human resource management to run SACCOS professionally and ensure incentives are provided to employee
Field Efficacy of Microbial and Botanical Insecticides Against the Fall Armyworm on Maize in Serere District, Uganda
Get PDFThe recent introduction of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has significantly impacted maize production among smallholder farmers. Due to the harmful effects of the chemical insecticides (Metarhizium anisopliae, Mazao Achieve ® ICIPE 78, and Mazao Tickoff ® ICIPE 7), and Neem was tested in the field as a cheaper and safer alternatives. Experiments with treatments arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicates were conducted in the first (March-June) and second season (September-December) 2024 at Pingire Sub-county, Serere District, Uganda. S.frugiperda incidence, level of damage, larval populations, grain yield, and economic viability were measured. The results showed that the treated plots had reduced incidence, damage, and larval populations with significantly higher yield gain compared to untreated plots in both seasons. The incidence for the Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff was 22.50, 38.33, 52.50, and 30.83, 79.17, and 87.50 in the first and second seasons, respectively. The average number of larvae per plant for Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff was 0.43, 1.25, 1.81, and 0.60, 1.80, 2.45 in the first and second seasons, respectively. Grain yield was generally higher on treated plots as compared to untreated plots, with the exception of the Neem leaf extract. The percentage yield gain for Striker, Tickoff, and Achieve was 64.45, 28.60, and 24.86% respectively during the first season, and 53.27, 17.49, and 18.28% respectively during the second season. The three treatments, Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff, had a corresponding BCR>1 in both seasons. Achieve and Tickoff showed a higher degree of efficacy and economic viability for managing the S.frugiperda and could be explored by smallholder maize farmers; however, their use and application should follow an integrated management approach. Further research is needed to assess their effectiveness in various environments, with other treatments, local isolates, and concentration