Institutional Repository Universidad San Sebastián
Not a member yet
9206 research outputs found
Sort by
Mapa de la desigualdad nutricionalUn análisis socioespacial primario de los desiertos alimentarios en Santiago de Chile
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.This study investigates the socio-spatial distribution of food deserts in Santiago de Chile, aiming to understand how urban planning and socioeconomic factors influence access to nutritious food. Employing geospatial analysis techniques with data from OpenStreetMap and the 2017 Census, the research identifies areas within Santiago where access to healthy food is limited. The novelty of this study lies in its application of spatial autocorrelation methods, specifically Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), to reveal clusters of nutritional inequality. The findings indicate significant concentrations of food deserts in both lower socioeconomic peripheral areas and, surprisingly, in some high-income central areas. These results suggest that both poverty and urban infrastructure, including car dependency, play critical roles in shaping access to healthy food. By highlighting over two million residents affected by food deserts, the study underscores the urgent need for integrated urban planning and public health strategies. This research contributes to the understanding of urban nutritional inequality and provides a replicable methodological framework for other cities. The implications extend beyond Santiago, offering insights into how urban design can be leveraged to improve public health outcomes through better access to nutritious food.This study investigates the socio-spatial distribution of food deserts in Santiago de Chile, aiming to understand how urban planning and socioeconomic factors influence access to nutritious food. Employing geospatial analysis techniques with data from OpenStreetMap and the 2017 Census, the research identifies areas within Santiago where access to healthy food is limited. The novelty of this study lies in its application of spatial autocorrelation methods, specifically Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), to reveal clusters of nutritional inequality. The findings indicate significant concentrations of food deserts in both lower socioeconomic peripheral areas and, surprisingly, in some high-income central areas. These results suggest that both poverty and urban infrastructure, including car dependency, play critical roles in shaping access to healthy food. By highlighting over two million residents affected by food deserts, the study underscores the urgent need for integrated urban planning and public health strategies. This research contributes to the understanding of urban nutritional inequality and provides a replicable methodological framework for other cities. The implications extend beyond Santiago, offering insights into how urban design can be leveraged to improve public health outcomes through better access to nutritious food
Concentraciones de urea en leche en dietas de transición en vacas lecheras del “Fundo el Roble”, comuna de Bulnes, Región del Ñuble, Chile
No full textLos parámetros medibles en la leche, como la urea, son cruciales para evaluar la nutrición
y el mantenimiento de las vacas. La urea en la leche proporciona información sobre la
correcta ingesta de nutrientes. Su medición es ventajosa para ajustar la dieta de las vacas
de manera económica y eficaz, sin causar estrés al animal ni alterar la rutina de ordeño.
Este estudio se realizó en un rebaño comercial en la región del Ñuble, donde se evaluó la
concentración de urea en leche en dos grupos de 10 vacas cada uno comparando dos dietas
en distintos periodos de periparto (preparto y postparto. Se determinó urea en leche de
acuerdo al método ureasa Berthelot. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre las
vacas con dieta de preparto, que contenía menos energía, donde se registraron
concentraciones más altas de urea en leche, mientras que, en el postparto, con una dieta
más equilibrada en energía y proteína, estas concentraciones fueron más bajas.
Esto sugiere que cuando hay desequilibrio entre proteína y energía en la dieta, el cuerpo
de la vaca no aprovecha bien la proteína, aumentando la urea. En cambio, una dieta
balanceada mejora ese uso, lo que es beneficioso para la salud del animal, la producción
y el medio ambiente.Measurable parameters in milk, such as urea, are crucial for evaluating cow nutrition and
maintenance. Urea in milk provides information about correct nutrient intake. Its
measurement is advantageous to adjust the cows' diet economically and effectively,
without causing stress to the animal or altering the milking routine. This project will
evaluate urea in the milk of a commercial herd in the Ñuble region, comparing two diets
in different peripartum periods (prepartum and postpartum) which in turn will be separated
by the transition period (peripartum). Urea concentrations will be analyzed to better
understand nutritional and energy changes in cows. Research cited shows that an
increase in protein intake and/or an energy variant increases urea in blood and milk. There
is an inverse relationship between milk urea nitrogen and dietary energy: by increasing
energy in the postpartum diet, keeping the protein level constant, milk production
increases and urea levels decrease. Prepartum diets are based on forages such as corn
silage and wheat straw, which provide less energy and protein than postpartum diets,
which include more protein (alfalfa hay) and energy (wet corn kernels). A low-energy
prepartum diet can increase urea in milk, while a postpartum diet balanced in energy and
protein improves protein utilization and animal health, reflecting lower urea values in milk
and providing an index of better dietary utilization
Elevating understanding : Linking high-altitude hypoxia to brain aging through EEG functional connectivity and spectral analyses
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.High-altitude hypoxia triggers brain function changes reminiscent of those in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease, compromising cognition and executive functions. Our study sought to validate high-altitude hypoxia as a model for assessing brain activity disruptions akin to aging. We collected EEG data from 16 healthy volunteers during acute high-altitude hypoxia (at 4,000 masl) and at sea level, focusing on relative changes in power and aperiodic slope of the EEG spectrum due to hypoxia. Additionally, we examined functional connectivity using wPLI, and functional segregation and integration using graph theory tools. High altitude led to slower brain oscillations, that is, increased δ and reduced α power, and flattened the 1/f aperiodic slope, indicating higher electrophysiological noise, akin to healthy aging. Notably, functional integration strengthened in the θ band, exhibiting unique topographical patterns at the subnetwork level, including increased frontocentral and reduced occipitoparietal integration. Moreover, we discovered significant correlations between subjects’ age, 1/f slope, θ band integration, and observed robust effects of hypoxia after adjusting for age. Our findings shed light on how reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes influence brain activity patterns resembling those in neurodegenerative disorders and aging, making high-altitude hypoxia a promising model for comprehending the brain in health and disease
Considering planetary health in health guidelines and health technology assessments: a scoping review protocol
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Abstract Background: This protocol outlines a scoping review with the objective of identifying and exploring planetary health considerations within existing health guidelines and health technology assessments (HTA). The insights gained from this review will serve as a basis for shaping future Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) guidance on planetary health. Methods: We will adhere to the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. We will conduct a comprehensive search and screening of results in all languages across various databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Health Systems Evidence, Greenfile, and Environmental Issues. Additionally, we will supplement this search with resources such as the GIN library, BIGG database, Epistemonikos, GRADE guidelines repository, GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool Database, MAGICapp, NICE website, WHO websites, and a manual exploration of unpublished relevant documents using Google incognito mode. Two independent reviewers will screen and assess the full texts of identified documents according to the eligibility criteria. The following information from each full text will be extracted: document title; first author's name; publication year; language; document type; document as a guideline or HTA; the topic/discipline; document purpose/study objective; developing/sponsoring organization; the country in which the study/guideline/HTA report was conducted; definition of planetary health or related concept provided; types of planetary health experts engaged; study methods; suggested methods to assess planetary health; use of secondary data on planetary health outcomes; description for use of life cycle assessment; description for assessing the quality of life cycle; population/intended audience; interventions; category; applicable planetary health boundaries; consideration of social justice/global equity; phase of intervention in life cycle related to planetary health addressed; the measure of planetary health impact; impact on biodiversity/land use; one health/animal welfare mention; funding; and conflict of interest. Data analysis will involve a combination of descriptive statistics and directed content analysis, with results presented in a narrative format and displayed in tables and graphs. Discussion: The final review results will be submitted to open-access peer-reviewed journals for publication when they become available. The research findings will also be disseminated at relevant planetary health conferences and workshops
Utilidad diagnóstica de la técnica citológica aplicada al linfonódulo submandibular en la especie canina (canis lupus familiaris)
Get PDFLa citología es utilizada para evaluar la composición celular de los diversos tejidos. Su uso como método complementario para el diagnóstico es bastante frecuente debido a su bajo costo y lo poco invasivo que es para el paciente, esta es muy útil a la hora de evaluar linfonódulos, ya que puede evidenciar diversas patologías. La toma de muestra para citología de linfonódulos es la punción con aguja fina (PAF). Los linfonódulos generalmente evaluados mediante citología son los que se suelen palpar durante el examen físico general realizado en consultas de rutina; los linfonódulos submandibular, preescapular, poplíteo, retrofaríngeo, axilar e inguinal. Estos se evalúan normalmente en busca de señales indicadoras de patologías como dolor, adherencias, aumento de temperatura o tamaño. La bibliografía estudiada que se refiere a la citología de linfonódulo submandibular entrega información contradictoria al respecto de la elección de este linfonódulo en específico para examen citológico, planteando que podría dar información útil para un diagnóstico de patologías sistémicas o de sus zonas de drenaje, pero que se desestimaría su uso debido a que podría ser de un difícil acceso o entregar información alterada debido al drenaje de la cavidad oral, la que está más expuesta a variaciones o a agentes patógenos. A partir de esta información se plantean la hipótesis de que la citología de nódulo linfático submandibular de una muestra obtenida por punción con aguja fina es de utilidad diagnóstica en el canino. El presente estudio se realizó una evaluación de la utilidad diagnóstica de la citología de linfonódulo submandibular comparándola con citología de linfonódulo poplíteo, tomando muestras mediante punción con aguja fina de 25 pacientes clínicamente sanos sometidos a cirugía de castración en clínicas veterinarias de diferentes comunas de Concepción. Estas muestras fueron teñidas y evaluadas, realizando un conteo de las distintas células que las componen, y luego comparando los resultados en cada linfonódulo, donde se obtuvo una diferencia significativa, comprobada mediante la prueba de los signos de Wilcoxon, en la cantidad de células presentes, habiendo mayor presencia de linfocitos pequeños, medianos y linfoblastos en el linfonódulo submandibular, pero, habiendo una igual proporción de células en ambos linfonódulos. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que, el linfonódulo submandibular efectivamente presenta diferencias con respecto al linfonódulo poplíteo, sin embargo, estas diferencias, dependiendo de la patología, podrían no ser obstáculo para la obtención de un diagnóstico. De todas formas, para el diagnóstico de cualquier patología que no sea exclusivamente de las áreas de drenaje del linfonódulo submandibular, se recomienda el uso de más de un linfonódulo para asegurar un diagnóstico más certero.Cytology is used to evaluate the cellular composition of various tissues. Its use as a complementary method for diagnosis is quite frequent due to its low cost and how little invasive it is for the patient; it is very useful when evaluating lymph nodes since it can demonstrate various pathologies. The sample collection for lymph node cytology is the fine needle puncture (FNP). The lymph nodes usually evaluated by cytology are those that are palpated during the general physical examination performed in routine consultations; the submandibular, prescapular, popliteal, retropharyngeal, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes. These are usually evaluated for signs indicating pathology such as pain, adhesions, increased temperature, or size. The studied bibliography that refers to submandibular lymph node cytology provides contradictory information regarding the choice of this specific lymph node for cytological examination, stating that it could provide useful information for a diagnosis of systemic pathologies or its drainage areas, but that its use would be discouraged because it could be difficult to access or provide altered information due to the drainage of the oral cavity, which is more exposed to variations or pathogenic agents. Based on this information, it is hypothesized that submandibular lymph node cytology from a sample obtained by fine needle puncture is of diagnostic utility in the canine. The present study evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of submandibular lymph node cytology compared with popliteal lymph node cytology, taking samples by fine needle puncture from 25 clinically healthy patients who underwent castration surgery in veterinary clinics in different communities of Concepción. These samples were stained and evaluated, making a count of the different cells that compose them, and then comparing the results in each lymph node, where a significant difference was obtained, proved by the Wilcoxon sign test, in the amount of cells present, having a greater presence of small, medium and lymphoblasts lymphocytes in the submandibular lymph node, but, having an equal proportion of cells in both lymph nodes. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the submandibular lymph node does indeed present differences with respect to the popliteal lymph node; however, these differences, depending on the pathology, may not be an obstacle to obtaining a diagnosis. In any case, for the diagnosis of any pathology that is not exclusively of the drainage areas of the submandibular lymph node, the use of more than one lymph node is recommended to ensure a more accurate diagnosis
K-Focal Search for Slow Learned Heuristics
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2013 IEEE.Bounded suboptimal heuristic search is a family of search algorithms capable of solving hard combinatorial problems, returning suboptimal solutions within a given bound. Recent machine learning approaches have been shown to learn accurate heuristic functions. Learned heuristics, however, are slow to compute; concretely, given a single search state s and a learned heuristic h , evaluating h(s) is typically very slow relative to expansion time, since state-of-the-art learned heuristics are implemented as neural networks. However, by using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), it is possible to compute heuristics using batched computation. Existing approaches to batched heuristic computation are specific to satisficing search and have not studied the problem in the context of bounded-suboptimal search. In this paper, we present K-Focal Search, a bounded suboptimal search algorithm that in each iteration expands K states from the FOCAL list and computes the learned heuristic values of the successors using a GPU. We experiment over the 24-puzzle and Rubik's Cube using DeepCubeA, a very effective and inadmissible learned heuristic. Our results show that K-Focal Search benefits both from batched computation and from the diversity in the search introduced by its expansion strategy. Over standard Focal Search, K-Focal Search improves runtime by a factor of 6, expansions by up to three orders of magnitude, and finds better quality solutions, keeping the theoretical guarantees of Focal Search
Propuesta de mejora a prestación de servicios ópticos en la marca Nerfis de la empresa Strong Gafas LTDA
No full textIngeniería Civil Industrial Advance, Licenciado en Ciencias de la IngenieríaLa industria óptica ha experimentado un notable crecimiento y relevancia en la actualidad, especialmente en mercados como el chileno, donde la demanda de servicios ópticos de calidad está en constante aumento. En este contexto, empresas como Strong gafas se enfrentan al desafío de no solo satisfacer las necesidades del mercado, sino también de destacar en un entorno altamente competitivo. Es crucial para estas empresas no solo ofrecer productos de calidad, sino también mejorar continuamente sus procesos de venta y atención al cliente para mantenerse a la vanguardia de la industria y garantizar su éxito a largo plazo. El presente proyecto se centra en mejorar el proceso de venta de productos ópticos ofrecidos en tienda Nerfis perteneciente a la empresa Strong gafas, ubicada en la región metropolitana de Chile. La empresa, inicialmente dedicada a la venta de anteojos de sol y accesorios, ha incursionado en el rubro óptico en los últimos dos años. En un mercado chileno cada vez más exigente, donde la demanda de servicios ópticos de calidad es creciente, se destaca la importancia de ofrecer accesibilidad y garantizar altos estándares de excelencia para fortalecer la relación con los clientes. Actualmente, la empresa trabaja en colaboración con un laboratorio externo para la fabricación de anteojos ópticos, pero se plantea evaluar la viabilidad de establecer un proceso de externalización más directo con algún laboratorio. Se propone realizar un plan de análisis exhaustivo que aborde aspectos económicos, regulatorios y operativos para comprender los pasos necesarios para esta transición. El análisis económico se enfocará en los costos asociados con la mejora del proceso de fabricación y los gastos operativos del mismo, además de estudiar el impacto en la rentabilidad y competitividad de Strong gafas en el mercado óptico. El proyecto también incluirá un enfoque centrado en el cliente, asegurando una experiencia integral y satisfactoria desde la orientación y selección de anteojos hasta la entrega del producto final. Este enfoque busca consolidar la posición de la empresa en el mercado como una óptica de confianza y calidad.The optical industry has experienced remarkable growth and relevance today, especially in markets such as Chile, where the demand for quality optical services is constantly increasing. In this context, companies such as Strong Eyewear face the challenge of not only meeting the needs of the market, but also standing out in a highly competitive environment. It is crucial for these companies to not only deliver quality products, but also to continuously improve their sales and customer support processes to stay ahead of the industry and ensure their long-term success. This project focuses on improving the sales process of optical products offered in the Nerfis store belonging to the company Strong gafas, located in the metropolitan region of Chile. The company, initially dedicated to the sale of sunglasses and accessories, has ventured into the optical field in the last two years. In an increasingly demanding Chilean market, where the demand for quality optical services is growing, the importance of offering accessibility and guaranteeing high standards of excellence to strengthen the relationship with customers is highlighted. Currently, the company works in collaboration with an external laboratory for the manufacture of optical glasses, but is considering evaluating the feasibility of establishing a more direct outsourcing process with a laboratory. It is proposed to carry out a comprehensive analysis plan that addresses economic, regulatory and operational aspects to understand the necessary steps for this transition. The economic analysis will focus on the costs associated with improving the manufacturing process and its operating expenses, in addition to studying the impact on the profitability and competitiveness of Strong Eyewear in the optical market. The project will also include a customer-centric approach, ensuring a comprehensive and satisfactory experience from eyewear orientation and selection to the delivery of the final product. This approach seeks to consolidate the company's position in the market as a perspective of trust and quality
¿Necesidad u obligación?. La erección de nuevos templos parroquiales en el Arzobispado de Concepción y en el Obispado de Valparaíso, entre 1925 y 1962
No full textDurante siglos, la Iglesia Católica fue el credo oficial de lo que hoy conocemos por Chile. A partir de 1925, se produjo la separación entre la Iglesia y el Estado, iniciándose con esto una nueva forma de relación, donde la entidad religiosa enfrentó los cambios que trajo consigo un nuevo escenario. Por ello, la institución comenzó un proceso de reorganización y financiamiento, lo que mermó las asignaciones a su misión de ser en la comunidad. Claramente fueron desafíos dentro de un aprendizaje in situ, que también obligó a recibir congregaciones y asociaciones católicas con financiamiento autónomo, para establecerse como un apoyo a la labor pastoral.
En el periodo de estudio, entre los años 1925 y 1962, el espacio geográfico de Valparaíso o Concepción, se encontraron en un continuo proceso de expansión, lo que obligó al Estado a tomar las disposiciones para el nacimiento de nuevos barrios, que idealmente debían contar al menos con lo básico para su desenvolvimiento. Los templos principales de la ciudad quedaron concentrados en el centro cívico del damero fundacional y, por ende, distanciados inevitablemente de la población estable que era su foco desde los primeros tiempos.
Luego de la separación del Estado con la Iglesia, el ámbito espiritual dejó de ser una de las áreas primordiales de preocupación y las políticas públicas de crecimiento urbano, no obligaron a exigir espacios para el culto. Así mismo, hasta 1953 tampoco existían Direcciones de Obras Municipales como ente especial, quedando el levantamiento de templos en manos exclusivas de la curia diocesana, de feligreses o alguna autoridad civil que colaborara para dicho fin.
Cada uno de los espacios jurisdiccionales entre los años 1925 y 1962, tanto del arzobispado de Concepción y en el obispado de Valparaíso comenzaron a fundarse nuevas parroquias para el acompañamiento espiritual de la feligresía.
Por tanto, la investigación tiene por objetivo determinar las variables que intervinieron en la erección de nuevas parroquias católicas en el periodo de tiempo establecido.For centuries the Catholic Church was the official creed of what we now know as Chile. After the separation of Church and State in 1925, a new relationship was established with a new scenario. The Church modified its territorial organization with new dioceses and new sources of finance were put in place. The challenges of this in-situ learning process forced it to receive congregations and catholic associations with autonomous financing to assist it in its pastoral role.
In the period covered by this study, from 1925 to 1962, the regions of Valparaíso and Concepción were in continuous expansion, which led to the creation of new neighbourhoods that required basic urban infrastructure including places of worship The city’s main churches were situated in the original center of the cities increasingly distant from where their flock lived.
After the separation of 1925, the spiritual welfare of the people ceased to be a prime concern of the State and urban growth public policies did not contémplate spaces for worship. Moreover, until 1953 there were no specific Departments of Public Works in the different boroughs. The building of temples was the exclusive concern of diocesan curia, the parishioners and any civilian organization willing to provide help.
In the years between 1925 and 1962 both the dicese of Valparaiso and the archdiocese of Concepcion created new parishes to provide spiritual support to the faithful. The purpose of this thesis is to determine the reasons that led to the creation of these parishes, their location, the architecture of these churches and the parties involed in their construction
Effectiveness of the Complementary Therapies Use on Parameters of Social Communication In Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2023; Los autores.Introduction: autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized mainly by deficits in communication and social interaction, being a barrier for these people when relating to their social and/or family environment. Among the best-known therapies to treat this disorder, conventional therapies stand out (i.e. cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacological therapy) and complementary therapies that are becoming increasingly prevalent among the population. Objective: analyze the effectiveness of complementary therapies in the communication of children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methodology: narrative review study, a literature search was carried out based on alternative therapies for ASD: “animal assisted therapy” (TAA) and “music therapy”. The search was carried out in SCOPUS, EBSCO and PUBMED. A total of 228 articles were found, of which 8 studies (n in the 8 studies = 569) met the search criteria. Results: five music therapy studies (n in the 5 studies=481) and three TAA studies (n in the 3 studies = 88) were found. Music therapy and TAA are the most frequently mentioned therapies in the literature, the latter being the one that has reported more and greater benefits from a qualitative perspective, mainly by caregivers of children with ASD. Some of the outstanding behaviors are: the increase in soft skills, improvement in communication and social interaction, and decrease in disruptive behaviors. Conclusion: of the eight studies that were analyzed, five of them reported significant benefits under a clinical qualitative criterion and by the families of the user who was participating in these therapies. Three of the music therapy studies did not show changes in the communication of the users, while one study highlighted the user-therapist relationship as a determining factor in the success or failure of the therapy
Evaluación de micronúcleos en eritrocitos de sangre periférica sobre carassius auratus como biomarcador de genotoxicidad
No full textLos micronúcleos corresponden a uno de los marcadores de biogenotoxicidad más estudiados los que forman a partir de la exposición a agentes tóxicos presentes en el ambiente que poseen afinidad por el material genético. Estos actúan sobre las proteínas involucradas en el proceso de división celular como así también en el mismo material genético, causando en ambas instancias daño directo y fomentando la inestabilidad genómica, siendo una de las consecuencias detectables de este fenómeno, es la generación de material genético independiente al núcleo de la célula bajo una estructura que se ha denominado micronúcleo detectable en el citoplasma de la célula afectada. Estos tóxicos ambientales suelen derivar de actividades antropogénicas que contaminan diversos ecosistemas, tanto terrestres como acuáticos. Por lo tanto, el análisis de calidad de agua se ha convertido en una importante herramienta para estimar genotoxicidad, la que puede ser evaluada mediante el conteo de micronúcleos, considerando, en este contexto, que la fauna acuática está en constante y estrecho contacto con agentes genotóxicos. El presente estudio de carácter experimental transversal tiene como intención evaluar la presencia de micronúcleos en eritrocitos periféricos de Carassius auratus como biomarcador para la estimación de la genotoxicidad, para esto se sometieron 30 especímenes divididos en grupo control y experimental de Carassius auratus en condiciones de laboratorio a aguas contaminadas con efluentes de plantas de celulosa en el río Biobío, ubicado en la zona sur de Chile. El período de experimentación tuvo una duración de 15 días en los cuales se establecieron intervalos puntuales para la medición de los parámetros fisicoquímicos de las aguas y extracción de sangre periférica de los individuos sometidos al experimento. Luego de evaluar la cantidad de micronúcleos no se lograron establecer diferencias significativas entre grupo control y grupo experimental a la formación de micronúcleos, tampoco se encontraron células con una cantidad mayor a 1 micronúcleo en el citoplasma. Se encontraron anormalidades nucleares por lo que, aunque no fue posible estimar la genotoxicidad de las aguas del río Biobío, tampoco fue posible descartarla, en consecuencia, se sugiere complementar el test de micronúcleos con otros estudios con el fin de obtener resultados más precisos en la estimación de genotoxicidad. Futuras evaluaciones sobre la sensibilidad de diferentes especies acuáticas frente a distintos parámetros para medir genotóxicos nos ayudarán a tener más claridad respecto a la magnitud y el impacto de la contaminación en estos ecosistemas.Micronuclei correspond to one of the most studied biogenotoxicity markers, forming as a result of exposure to toxic agents present in the environment that have an affinity for genetic material. These agents act on the proteins involved in the cell division process as well as on the genetic material itself, causing direct damage in both instances and promoting genomic instability. One of the detectable consequences of this phenomenon is the generation of genetic material independent of the cell nucleus, under a structure called a micronucleus, which is detectable in the cytoplasm of the affected cell. These environmental toxins often derive from anthropogenic activities that contaminate various ecosystems, both terrestrial and aquatic. Therefore, water quality analysis has become an important tool for estimating genotoxicity, which can be evaluated by counting micronuclei, considering that aquatic fauna are in constant and close contact with genotoxic agents. This cross-sectional experimental study aims to evaluate the presence of micronuclei in the peripheral erythrocytes of Carassius auratus as a biomarker for estimating genotoxicity. To this end, 30 specimens were divided into control and experimental groups of Carassius auratus under laboratory conditions and exposed to water contaminated with effluents from pulp mills in the Biobío River, located in the southern zone of Chile. The experimental period lasted 15 days, during which specific intervals were established for measuring the physicochemical parameters of the waters and extracting peripheral blood from the individuals subjected to the experiment. After evaluating the number of micronuclei, no significant differences could be established between the control group and the experimental group in micronucleus formation. Additionally, no cells were found with more than one micronucleus in the cytoplasm. Nuclear abnormalities were found; thus, although it was not possible to estimate the genotoxicity of the Biobío river. waters, it was also not possible to rule it out. Consequently, it is suggested to complement the micronucleus test with other studies to obtain more precise results in estimating genotoxicity. Future evaluations on the sensitivity of different aquatic species to various parameters for measuring genotoxins will help us better understand the magnitude and impact of contamination in these ecosystems