Israel Journal of Entomology
Not a member yet
198 research outputs found
Sort by
Sub-Saharan Africa 1 is the dominant cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) associated with cassava in Madagascar
Full text linkСassava’s productivity in Madagascar is affected by pests and diseases, among which the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) transmitting cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) is most important. The present study sought to establish the abundance and diversity of B. tabaci cryptic species on cassava and other host plants in Madagascar. In addition, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) incidence and symptom severity were assessed. The identity and genetic diversity of B. tabaci samples collected on cassava and other plant species in Central Highlands and Tsaratanana Massif in northwestern region were studied using the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene. The analyses of the mtCOI sequences revealed three B. tabaci cryptic species—Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1), Mediterranean (MED) and the Indian Ocean (IO)—in the sampled areas. SSA1 was the dominant cryptic species, with 100% occurrence on cassava crops. For the first time, we report the occurrence of MED in Madagascar. Both MED and IO, the indigenous species in the South West Indian Ocean islands of Anajouan Mayotte, Grande Comore, Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles and Madagascar, occurred on non-cassava hosts. As opposed to previous reports, we recorded no B. tabaci Middle East Asia Minor 1 – MEAM1 cryptic species (formerly also known as the B-biotype) on any of the sampled plants and locations. Generally, the abundance of adult whiteflies was low (<1 specimen per plant) on cassava in all the sampled locations, except in Analavory (3.93) and Ampitolova (3.00) in Central Highlands. Similarly, the whitefly abundance was low on the non-cassava plant species, likely hosts for B. tabaci IO and MED. Cassava mosaic disease was observed in 100% of the surveyed cassava fields. The disease symptoms were generally mild, with severities of 2.00–3.13 (average, 2.62). Locations differed significantly (P<0.001, LSD=5.00) in CMD incidences. The CMD incidence ranged between 30–100% (averaged ca 59%). Our findings provide current knowledge of the economically important B. tabaci species, which is vital to the development of sustainable management practices for the vector and cassava viral diseases in Madagascar.
Cite as: Sseruwagi, P., Boykin, L.M., Tairo, F., Umfuyisoni, J., Fute, T., Kalekayo, D., Harinjaka, R., Savill, A. & Ndunguru, J. 2018. Sub-Saharan Africa 1 is the dominant cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) associated with cassava in Madagascar. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (2): 123–140. <published 29 July 2018>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1323193
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:34014983-DDD1-446A-965D-1473003CE5C
Forty years of biological control in Mediterranean tomato greenhouses: The story of success
Full text linkThe article highlights major landmarks in the development of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes for tomato greenhouses in the Mediterranean region. This is the story of how biological control has been succesfully implemented as a cornerstone of IPM programmes in Catalonia (Northeastern Spain), one of the pioneering areas in the Mediterranean basin for the implementation of biological control in greenhouses. In the 1970s, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was the key pest in the area and first programmes in protected tomato crops were based on inoculative releases of the parasitoid Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). However, failures caused by the expansion of Encarsia pergandiella (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and the increasing importance of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) propitiated the change to use heteropterans of the Miridae family as biocontrol agents. These generalist predators were already observed during the first trials in the 1970s, but their use was not widespread until B. tabaci and the South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) became serious problems. Despite scepticism of many IPM practitioners about the usefulness of these generalist natural enemies, mirid predators are currently widely used for protecting Mediterranean tomato crops. Papers on the biology, behaviour and ecology of the Miridae have gained importance in the scientific literature published over the last 35, which undoubtedly has promoted their inclusion in IPM programmes. The activities of the IOBC/WPRS Working Group “Integrated Control in Protected Crops, Mediterranean Climate” has had a major impact on the progress of biological control strategies in Mediterranean tomato greenhouses over last decades.
RESUMEN
El artículo destaca los principales hitos en el desarrollo de los programas de Gestión Integrado de Plagas (GIP) del tomate de invernadero en la región mediterránea. Es la historia de cómo el control biológico se ha implementado de forma exitosa como parte fundamental de los programas GIP en Cataluña (noreste de España), una de las áreas de la cuenca mediterránea pioneras en la implementación del control biológico en invernaderos. En la década de 1970, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) era la plaga más importante en la zona y los primeros programas en tomate protegido se basaron en las liberaciones inoculativas del parasitoide Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Sin embargo, los fallos causados por la expansión de Encarsia pergandiella (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) y la creciente importancia de Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) propiciaron el cambio al uso de heterópteros de la familia Miridae como agentes de control biológico. Estos depredadores generalistas ya se habían observado en los primeros ensayos realizados durante la década de los 70, pero su uso no se extendió hasta que B. tabaci y la polilla del tomate Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) no se convirtieron en problemas importantes para el cultivo. A pesar del escepticismo de muchos especialistas en GIP sobre la utilidad de estos enemigos naturales generalistas, en la actualidad son agentes de control biológico ampliamente utilizados en los cultivos de tomate en el mediterráneo. Los artículos científicos sobre la biología, comportamiento y ecología de estos depredadores han ganado importancia en la literatura científica producida en los últimos 35 años, lo que sin duda ha facilitado su inclusión en los programas de GIP. Las actividades del Grupo de Trabajo de la IOBC/WPRS "Control Integrado en Cultivos Protegidos, Clima Mediterráneo" han tenido un gran impacto en el progreso de las estrategias de control biológico en los invernaderos mediterráneos de tomate en las últimas décadas.
Cite as: Arnó, J., Castañé, C., Alomar, O., Riudavets, J., Agustí, N., Gabarra, R. & Albajes, R. 2018. Forty years of biological control in Mediterranean tomato greenhouses: The story of success. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (2): 209–226. <published 14 November 2018>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1486574
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F764F0C3-0FB6-41A5-8417-0F0564EA3EC
Two new species of the genus Doratura Sahlberg (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Mediterranean Region
Full text linkTwo new Doratura species, D. butzele n. sp. and D. rikele n. sp., are described from Italy. The genital morphology of both species is illustrated, their diagnoses are given, and data on their ecology, phenology and distribution are provided.
RIASSUNTO
Due nuove specie di Doratura, D. butzele n. sp. e D. rikele n. sp., sono descritte dall’Italia. Viene illustrata la morfologia genitale delle due specie, vengono fornite le loro diagnosi e vengono forniti dati sulla loro ecologia, fenologia e distribuzione.
PAROLE CHIAVE: Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadomorpha, Chiasmini, nuove specie, tassonomia, ecologia, Italia, Paleartico.
To cite: Guglielmino, A. & Bückle, Ch. 2021. Two new species of the genus Doratura Sahlberg (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Mediterranean Region. Israel Journal of Entomology 51: 77–84.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5089704
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F0BB5812-D88A-4887-BE4B-00EEF106169
Description of a new species of Zonitodema Péringuey (Coleoptera: Meloidae), with synonymic notes on the genus
Full text linkA new species Zonitodema friedmani n. sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Nemognathinae) from Tanzania (Tanga) is described, illustrated and distinguished from its congeners. Nemognatha francoisi Pic, 1909 is transferred to the genus Zonitodema, and Zonitodema brittoni Kaszab, 1954 is considered its junior synonym.
RÉSUMÉ
Une nouvelle espèce Zonitodema friedmani n. sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Nemognathinae) de Tanzanie (Tanga) est décrite, illustrée et distinguée de ses congénères. Nemognatha francoisi Pic, 1909, est transféré au genre Zonitodema, et Zonitodema brittoni Kaszab, 1954 est considéré comme son synonyme junior.
Cite as: François, M. 2018. Description of a new species of Zonitodema Péringuey (Coleoptera: Meloidae), with synonymic notes on the genus. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 99–104.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2388809
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E91E4C79-9ABF-4456-9B7C-49AC60C1987
Population growth parameters of three Neotropical mirid predators (Hemiptera: Miridae) at five temperatures on tobacco with Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs as food
Full text linkThree Neotropical predators Campyloneuropsis infumatus (Carvalho), Engytatus varians (Distant) and Macrolophus basicornis (Stål) (Hemiptera: Miridae) are considered in Brazil as potential biological control agents of Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and other tomato pests. This study evaluated the effect of five constant temperatures (16, 20, 24, 28 and 32°C, all ±1°C) on the reproduction, population growth and longevity of these predatory mirids. Adults freshly emerged from nymphs reared at each temperature, were separated in couples and kept in 1.7 l glass pots with tobacco plant seedlings (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. TNN) as oviposition substrate and ad libitum Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs as food. The shortest pre-oviposition and the longest oviposition periods were observed at 24°C and 28°C in all three mirid species. At 24°C all three species showed the highest daily and total fecundities. The population growth parameters represented by the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were highest at 24°C and 28°C, and the net reproductive rate (R0) was highest at 24°C for all three species. Longevities of both males and females were longest at 24°C and 28°C in all three mirids. The size of tibia and adult weight in the three species were greatest at 20°C and 28°C, respectively. Differences in values for all above variables were small and often statistically non-significant for the three mirid species at the same temperature. Also, not a single significant difference was found for any of the growth parameters at each of the temperatures, including rm. The results indicate that temperatures in the range from 24–28°C are best for reproduction and population growth of C. infumatus, E. varians and M. basicornis. The factitious prey E. kuehniella is an excellent food source and tobacco plants provide a good rearing substrate for these mirids. The obtained results may assist in developing a mass rearing method for C. infumatus, E. varians and M. basicornis, in determining optimal timing and frequency of mirid releases in the crop, and in determining whether they are active at the temperature spectrum observed during tomato production in the field or greenhouse.
RESUMO
Três predadores Neotropicais Campyloneuropsis infumatus (Carvalho), Engytatus varians (Distant) and Macrolophus basicornis (Stål) (Hemiptera: Miridae) são considerados como potenciais agentes de controle biológico de Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) e de outras pragas do tomateiro no Brasil. Neste estudo foram avaliados o efeito de cinco temperaturas constantes (16, 20, 24, 28 e 32°C, todas ±1°C) na reprodução, crescimento populacional e longevidade destes mirideos predadores. Adultos recém-emergidos, originários de ninfas criadas em cada temperatura foram separados em casais e mantidos em potes de vidro de 1.7 l contendo mudas de fumo (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. TNN) como substrato de oviposição e ovos de Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) ad libitum como alimento. Os períodos, mais curto de pre-oviposição e o mais longo de oviposição, foram observados a 24°C e 28°C em todas as três espécies de mirideos. A 24°C todas as três espécies apresentaram as maiores fecundidades, diária e total. Os parâmetros de crescimento populacional representados pela taxa intrínseca de aumento e a taxa finita de aumento (λ) foram maiores a 24°C e 28°C, e a taxa líquida de reprodução foi maior a 24°C para todas as três espécies. As longevidades de machos e fêmeas foram mais longas a 24°C e 28°C para os três mirideos. O tamanho da tíbia e o peso do adulto nas três espécies foram maiores a 20°C e 28°C, respectivamente. Diferenças nos valores para todas as variáveis acima foram pequenas e frequentemente não estatisticamente significativas para as três espécies de mirideos na mesma temperatura. Além disso, nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada para qualquer um dos parâmetros de crescimento em cada uma das temperaturas. Os resultados indicam que temperaturas na faixa de 24–28°C são as melhores para a reprodução e crescimento populacional de C. infumatus, E. varians e M. basicornis. A presa alternativa E. kuehniella é uma excelente fonte de alimento e plantas de fumo fornecem um bom substrato para a criação destes mirideos. Os resultados obtidos podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de um método de criação massal para C. infumatus, E. varians e M. basicornis, na determinação do tempo e frequência ótimos para liberação dos mirídeos no cultivo e na determinação de se eles são ativos no espectro de temperatura observado durante a produção de tomate no campo ou em casas de vegetação.
Cite as: Bueno, V.H.P., Calixto, A.M., Montes, F.C. & van Lenteren, J.C. 2018. Population growth parameters of three Neotropical mirid predators (Hemiptera: Miridae) at five temperatures on tobacco with Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs as food. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (2): 1–22. <published 27 February 2018>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1185333
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6541561E-95F9-481A-A153-2EBE455F383
Discovery of Dytomyia Bickel (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) on the African continent with description of a new peculiar species from Kenya
Full text linkA new species of the genus Dytomyia from coastal Kenya is described, and a new identification key to males of Afrotropical species is provided. Dytomyia flavicaudata n. sp. differs from all other species of the genus in the mostly yellow abdomen and entirely yellow hypopygium. The male of D. lutescens (Vanschuytbroeck, 1952) is reliably illustrated for the first time. Sciapus nubilis Parent, 1935 is regarded as a nomen dubium.
To cite: Grichanov, I.Ya. 2021. Discovery of Dytomyia Bickel (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) on the African continent with description of a new peculiar species from Kenya. Israel Journal of Entomology 51: 85–91.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5589575
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:35EE5E43-F17C-432B-B30B-E5DAF26F0CC
Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Israel. Part 1
Full text linkThe Tersilochinae fauna of Israel is reviewed. Five genera with nine species are found to occur in Israel: Aneuclis brevicauda (Thomson), A. incidens (Thomson), Diaparsis gerlingi n. sp., D. nitida Horstmann, D. frontella (Holmgren), Gelanes clavulatus Khalaim & Blank, G. simillimus Horstmann, Palpator turpilucricupidus Khalaim and Phradis interstitialis (Thomson). Two more genera, Probles Förster and Tersilochus Holmgren, are formally recorded here from Israel but excluded from the present paper and will be treated separately.
Cite as: Khalaim, A.I. 2018. Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Israel. Part 1. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (2): 113–121. <published 2 July 2018>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1302891
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F49E63DC-5ADA-4220-96E0-C4900B73167
A review of the giant water bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Belostomatidae) of Israel
Full text linkAn updated and annotated check-list of Israeli giant water bugs (Belostomatidae) is provided. The recorded species belong in the subfamilies Belostomatinae and Lethocerinae. The following six species occur in the country: Appasus urinator urinator, Limnogeton fieberi, Lethocerus patruelis, Lethocerus cordofanus (new record), Hydrocyrius colombiae colombiae (new record) and Belostoma bifoveolatum (new record). Belostoma bifoveolatum was previously known only from South America, so it is recorded in the Old World for the first time. An illustrated identification key is compiled for the Israeli Belostomatidae species. A list of exotic Belostomatidae material accumulated in the collection of the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History is provided.
Cite as: Novoselsky, T., Chen, P.-p. & Nieser, N. 2018. A review of the giant water bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Belostomatidae) of Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 119–141.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2529002
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6D25AD24-5EDE-46F8-B782-414B7331AA6
Afropesa, a new spider genus from South Africa (Araneae: Entypesidae)
Full text linkA new mygalomorph spider genus, Afropesa n. gen., is established for three South African species: the type species A. schoutedeni (Benoit, 1965) n. comb., transferred here from Entypesa Simon, 1902, and two newly described congeners, A. gauteng n. sp. and A. schwendingeri n. sp. The new genus differs from other genera of the Entypesidae by a unique set of diagnostic characters, including a flanged embolus and the spermathecae with wide bases and lengthened distal lobes. The three included species can be distinguished from each other by a shape of the male tibia and metatarsus I, as well as by the structure of the embolus and configuration of the spermathecae.
Cite as: Zonstein, S.L. & Ríos-Tamayo, D. 2021. Afropesa, a new spider genus from South Africa (Araneae: Entypesidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 51: 7–34.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4719052
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FD044D16-4096-48D9-9035-B6B3CBA071F
Leshem, Y., Goren, H. & Amit, H. (Eds). 2018. Father Ernst Schmitz, Priest and Zoologist. The Holy Land at the Beginning of the 20th Century
Full text linkAfter nearly of a hundred years of undeserved oblivion, and after around twenty years of painstaking work, the book on the late Father Ernst Schmitz and his zoological collections is finally published.The book is opened by two prologues by the well-known Israeli zoologists Yoram Yom-Tov and Yossi Leshem, and concluded with an epilogue written by Yossi Leshem, these depicting the mysterious disappearance of Schmitz’s collections and their even more bizarre rediscovery, the past and present of the zoological research in Israel, as well as the role of the late Father Schmitz in the exploration of the wildlife in Israel.The book is divided into five sections, each with several chapters. The first section includes a short survey of the history of the German Catholics in the Holy Land in XIX–XX centuries and a biography of Father Schmitz; a survey of the fauna and the faunistic research (mainly terrestrial vertebrates) in the Holy Land in late XIX – early XX; and a review of the zoological collections of Father Schmitz, housed in the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University. The second and the third sections contain articles written by Father Schmitz and published in the German periodical Das Heilige Land in 1910–1923. The 18 articles in the second section are devoted to fauna (large and small felines, rodents, bats, bears, hyenas, wild boars, buffalos, birds of prey, water birds, crocodiles, snakes, ants, locusts, freshwater fish, cave crustaceans etc.), and 15 articles in the third one – to culture and customs of the inhabitants of the Holy Land. The fourth section lists references mentioned in the text, as well as other sources pertaining to the subject and all papers published by Father Schimtz. The fifth section includes reproductions and translations of a few original documents concerning Father Schimtz, such as his appointment in the Holy Land, a letter written in his hand and signed by him, etc.The book is generously illustrated with 216 images, including unique historical pictures (some of them published for the first time), recent color photographs of places, animals and collection exemplars, old and recent artistic drawings of animals, and nice and impressive old-style engravings of the landscapes, animals and hunting scenes.Having the multitude of colorful illustrations, historical photographs and documents and rich bibliography, the book can be of particular interest to all nature lovers and bibliophiles.
Cite as: Friedman, A.L.L. 2018. Book review: "Leshem, Y., Goren, H. & Amit, H. (Eds). 2018. Father Ernst Schmitz, Priest and Zoologist. The Holy Land at the Beginning of the 20th Century." Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 143–144.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.252922