MAU GCRIS Standard Database (Mardin Artuklu University)
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Effect of Gundelia Tournefortii Extract on Diabetic Gastropathy: Involvement of Inflammation, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Histopathology
No full textIn this study, the effect of Gundelia tournefortii (GT) extract against diabetic gastropathy was investigated by pathological methods. The animal groups were designed as the control, diabetes, diabetes + GT50, diabetes + GT100, and diabetes + GT200 groups. No treatment was applied to the control group. The other groups received 45.00 mg kg-1 streptozotocin intraperitoneally on the experimental day. The treatment groups were also given 50.00, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 of GT extract daily by gavage for 21 days. Tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for histopathological examination. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to reveal the presence of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha), apoptosis (cysteine aspartate specific proteases-3), and oxidative stress (heat shock protein-27). Histopathological examination revealed no pathological lesion in the control group. In the diabetes group, mucosal tissue damage, and vascular and inflammatory changes were observed. In the treatment groups, GT decreased histopathological findings in parallel with the dose increase. Immunohistochemical examination revealed no immunopositivity in the control group, while severe immunopositivity was observed in the diabetes groups in terms of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. In the treatment groups, there was a decrease in the severity of immunopositivity's depending on the dose increase. As a result of this study, which has not been done before, GT was found to have a protective effect against gastropathy, being an important complication of diabetes, and this study is thus an important reference point for future research and promises new hope for the patients. (c) 2025 Urmia University. All rights reserved
Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation “Homophobia in Healthcare Employees”: a Cross-Sectional Study
No full textIntroduction: The study was conducted to examine the attitudes of healthcare employees toward homosexuals and the factors affecting them, while homophobic thoughts and behaviors are based on heteronormative cultural beliefs and gender stereotypes. Methods: This study was planned as a cross-sectional and completed with 720 healthcare employees. The Demographic Information Form and Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia Scale were used in the study. Data were collected between January 06 and January 10, 2022. Results: The mean homophobia total score of the employees was determined as 97,503 ± 25,807. Homophobia levels of male healthcare employees, those who thought homosexuality is a disease, and those who stated that homosexuality can be caused by taking an example had increasing homophobia levels. The level of homophobia decreases in the presence of homosexual friends, those who can talk freely about homosexuality, and healthcare employees who support same-sex marriage. Conclusions: Recognition of individuals with different sexual orientations by healthcare employees will reduce homophobic attitudes toward these individuals. Examining the level of homophobia in healthcare institutions and ensuring that discriminatory attitudes or behaviors toward individuals from different sexual orientations are determined to be effective on the quality of healthcare and access to healthcare services. Policy Implications: There is a healthcare system in which patients are generally assumed to be heterosexual; [healthcare employees are not prepared to work with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transsexual patients in general. Studies conducted on this subject indicate that more studies are needed on the subject to implement a healthcare policy focusing on sexual diversity in healthcare services and to discuss healthcare practices for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transsexual population. © The Author(s) 2024.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTA
Optimal Liquidation With Conditions on Minimum Price
No full textThe classical optimal trading problem is the closure of an initial position in a financial asset over a fixed time interval; the trader tries to maximize an expected utility under the constraint that the position is fully closed by terminal time. Given that the asset price is stochastic, the liquidation constraint may be too restrictive; the trader may want to relax the full liquidation constraint or slow down/stop trading depending on price behavior.We consider two additional parameters that serve these purposes within the Almgren-Chriss liquidation framework: a binary valued process I that prescribes when trading takes place and a measurable set S that prescribes when full liquidation is required. We give four examples for S and I which are all based on a lower bound specified for the price process. The terminal cost of the stochastic optimal control problem is infinity over S; this represents the liquidation constraint. The permanent price impact defines the negative part of the terminal cost over the complement of S. The I parameter enters the stochastic optimal control problem as a multiplier of the running cost. Except for quadratic liquidation costs the problem turns out to be non-convex. A terminal cost that can take negative values implies 1) the backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) associated with the value function of the control problem can explode to -infinity backward in time and 2) the existence results on minimal supersolutions of BSDE with singular terminal values and monotone drivers are not directly applicable. To tackle these we introduce an assumption that balances the market volume process and the permanent price impact in the model over the trading horizon. In the quadratic case, assuming only that the noise driving the asset price is a martingale, we show that the minimal supersolution of the BSDE gives both the value function and the optimal control of the stochastic optimal control problem. For the non-quadratic case, we assume a Brownian motion driven stochastic volatility model and focus on choices of I and S that are either Markovian or can be broken into Markovian pieces. These assumptions allow us to represent the value functions as solutions of PDE or PDE systems. The PDE arguments are based on the smoothness of the value functions and do not require convexity. We quantify the financial performance of the resulting liquidation algorithms by the percentage difference between the initial stock price and the average price at which the position is (partially) closed in the time interval [0, T]. We note that this difference can be divided into three pieces: one corresponding to permanent price impact (A1), one corresponding to random fluctuations in the price (A2) and one corresponding to transaction/bid-ask spread costs (A3). We provide a numerical study of the distribution of the closed portion under the assumption that the price process is Brownian for I = 1 and an S corresponding to a lower bound on terminal price.TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) [118F163]This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) through projectnumber 118F163
Assessment of Walnut (juglans Regia L.) Cultivation Land Suitability Using a Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making Method in Southeastern Turkey
No full textMERCAN, CAGRI/0000-0003-1694-0024Site selection for agricultural products is critical for agricultural planning, productivity, and farmers. Site selection is also critical for agricultural sustainability, as it helps ensure the efficient use of natural resources and avoids environmental degradation. This research proposes an evaluation model for walnut cultivation in the Savur (Mardin, Turkey) district in the Southeastern Anatolia region. Based on literature data, expert opinion, and local walnut producers' perspectives, a spatial decision support system was developed using Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). This model provides farmers and stakeholders with a comprehensive evaluation of the different walnut-producing sites in the Savur district. It allows them to make informed decisions about the most suitable areas for walnut production. The land suitability assessment for walnut orchards included four primary evaluation aspects, ten main criteria, and forty-seven sub-criteria. Evaluation criteria were weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A land suitability map was created using the weighted overlay method in overlap with the evaluation criteria. The results showed 442.56 ha of very highly suitable land, 9789.43 ha of highly suitable land, and 1140.76 ha of moderately suitable land in the Savur district. In order to determine the accuracy of the study model, ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was conducted. As a result of the validation analysis, the constructed model had an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.911, which indicates an excellent fit between the model and reality; therefore, the model is acceptable. This study demonstrates that integrating AHP and GIS can aid agricultural land use planning and decision-making
Composition and Characterization of Phytochemicals in Aromatic Species
No full textPlants have a crucial role in sustaining all living organisms. Plants possess unique systems that they have evolved to counteract different biotic and abiotic stressors, ensuring the continuation of their essential functions. Specifically, the organisms generate secondary metabolites that bear significant bioactivity. Aromatic plants, rich in bioactive compounds, produce these phytochemicals as a defense mechanism and for preventive purposes, exerting substantial impacts on human health. The effects encompass antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiinflammatory actions. Incorporating plants with these effects into the human diet enhances the significance of plants in terms of their defensive and beneficial characteristics. The characterization of bioactive compounds in aromatic plants can be determined utilizing a variety of equipment and methodologies. By analyzing the chemical composition of the plant, we can establish the specific type and quantity of bioactive compounds it contains. These characterization techniques play a crucial role in determining the direction of many activities involving bioactive compounds. This study aimed to investigate the secondary metabolites, bioactivities, and characteristics of aromatic plants. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
The Role of Technology in the Skills and Creativity of Chefs
No full textThis research note addresses a gap in current research on the role of technology in restaurants, which often focuses on operational benefits and customer experience rather than the experiential impact on chefs. Based on an exploratory qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews with chefs, the study explores how chefs perceive the influence of integrating technological tools in their future practices and the impact on their skills and creativity. The findings provide insights into the facilitative and destructive roles of technology. The paper contributes to the understanding of how and why technology enhances and inhibits human skills and creativity, thus guiding businesses in hospitality about the adoption of technology in restaurants. © 2025 The Author(s)
Morin Hidrat Yüklü HPAC@MNP Nanokompozitinin Hazırlanması, Karakterizasyonu ve İn Vitro Uygulamaları
No full textKanser, her yıl küresel olarak milyonlarca insanın hayatına mal olan, tüm yaş gruplarından ve etnik kökenlerden bireyleri etkileyen yaygın ve ölümcül bir hastalıktır. Kanser tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçlar ayrım gözetmeksizin hem kötü huylu hem de sağlıklı hücreleri etkilediği için, büyük olumsuz etkilere neden olmasının yanı sıra sistemik toksisiteye de neden olur. Son zamanlarda, ilaçların neden olduğu olumsuz etkileri en aza indirmek için belirli bölgeleri özel olarak hedef alan ilaç verme sistemleri geliştirildi. Morin (MRN), antianjiyojenik, antiinflamatuar, antikanser ve antibakteriyel aktivitelerini araştırmak için yürütülen önemli araştırmaların konusu olan flavonol bazlı bir ilaçtır. Bu çalışma, alıç bitkisinden elde edilen biyouyumlu aktif karbon üzerine bir manyetik nanopartikül tabakası uygulanarak manyetik özelliklere sahip bir ürünün sentezini içermektedir. Alıç bitkisinden (HP) elde edilen aktif karbonun (AC) manyetik nanopartikülleri (MNP'ler) ile sentezlenen HPAC@MNP'lerin karakterizasyonu Fourier Transform Kızılötesi (FTIR), Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), Dinamik Işık Saçılımı (DLS) ve Zeta Potansiyeli ile karakterize edildi. DLS analizi, HPAC@MNP'lerin ve HPAC@MNPs-MRN'nin ortalama partikül boyutunun sırasıyla yaklaşık 105 nm ve 142 nm olduğunu hesaplandı. İlaç yüklü manyetik nanokompozit, MCF-7 (meme), U373 (Glioblastoma) kanser hücre hatları ve İnsan Göbek Kordonu Endotel Hücreleri (HUVEC) sağlıklı hücre hattı üzerindeki sitotoksik etkileri açısından değerlendirildi. HPAC@MNP'lerin MRN yükleme ve salım özellikleri analiz edildi. Sonuçlar, kapalı ilacın salım sırasında uzun bir yayılma süresi sergilediğini gösterdi. Özetle, HPAC@MNPs manyetik nanokompozit taşıyıcıların kullanımı, MRN ilaçlarını belirli bölgelere etkili bir şekilde ulaştırmak için büyük bir potansiyele sahip olabilir
A Case Against Average Inflation Targeting
No full textWell-anchored inflation rate below a constant inflation target rate of 2% leads policymakers to seek make-up policies, including Average Inflation Targeting, Price Level Targeting, etc. In light of this, this article mainly aims to find out which policy rule - Average Inflation Targeting, Constant Inflation Targeting and Price Level Targeting - provides better macroeconomic performances at lower interest rates. Average Inflation Targeting policy is welfare improving against the Constant Inflation Targeting, but not Price Level Targeting. We conclude that a comparative application of the Price Level Targeting produces better macroeconomic performances, despite some weaknesses. We also discuss the source of the latest US inflation rate surge, and find that the design of the average inflation targeting policy can be responsible for extra inflation rate volatility
Determination of the Competence Levels of 4-6 Years Old Kuran Course Instructors' Opinions and Expectations
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı'nın 4-6 yaş Kur'an kurslarında görev yapan öğreticilerin, bu yaş grubuna yönelik Kur'an Kursu Programı hakkındaki görüşlerini, beklentilerini ve yeterlilik algılarını belirlemek ve değerlendirmektir. Dinî gelişimin temelinin atıldığı okul öncesi dönem, din eğitimi açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Diyanet'in 4-6 Yaş Kur'an Kursu Programı, 2013-2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında on ilde pilot olarak başlatılmış ve sonraki yıl Türkiye genelinde uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Bu programın uygulanma sürecinden elde edilen geri bildirimler, programın niteliğini geliştirmek için önemli bir veri kaynağıdır. 4-6 yaş grubundaki çocukların düşünce dünyasına erişmek ve görüşlerini almak güç olduğundan veriler öğreticilerden toplanmıştır. Bu programa katılan öğreticilerin gözlem ve değerlendirmeleri önemli bir bilgi kaynağı oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda araştırma, 2023 yılında Mardin'de görev yapan 15 öğretici ile mülakatlar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada öğreticilerin aldıkları eğitimler, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve velilerle ilgili beklentileri, çalışma motivasyonları ve kursların fiziksel imkânlarına dair görüşleri yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme formuyla ele alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, katılımcıların meslek seçimlerini büyük ölçüde kendi istekleri doğrultusunda yaptıkları ve mesleklerine duydukları sevginin oldukça kuvvetli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak, katılımcılar mesleki yeterlilik açısından, özellikle pedagojik formasyon bilgisi konusunda kendilerini yetersiz gördüklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca, çalıştıkları kurumlarda ve velilerle iletişimlerinde bazı sorunlar yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu sorunlara yönelik olarak katılımcılar, çözüm önerileri sunmuş ve sorunların giderilmesi için çeşitli stratejiler geliştirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamışlardır. Bu çalışmanın daha sonra yapılacak olan 4-6 yaş Kuran Kursları çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.The aim of this study is to determine and evaluate the opinions, expectations and perceptions of competence of the teachers working in the 4-6 year old Qur'an courses of the Presidency of Religious Affairs about the Qur'an Course Program for this age group. The preschool period, in which the foundation of religious development is laid, is of great importance in terms of religious education. Diyanet's 4-6 Year Old Qur'an Course Program was launched as a pilot in ten provinces in the 2013-2014 academic year and started to be implemented throughout Turkey the following year. Feedback from the implementation of this program is an important source of data to improve the quality of the program. Since it is difficult to access the thought world of 4-6 year old children and get their opinions, the data were collected from the teachers. The observations and evaluations of the teachers participating in this program constitute an important source of information. Accordingly, the research was conducted through interviews with 15 teachers working in Mardin in 2023. In the study, the opinions of the instructors about the trainings they received, their expectations about the Presidency of Religious Affairs and parents, their motivation to work, and the physical facilities of the courses were discussed with a semi-structured interview form. As a result of the study, it was determined that the participants made their choice of profession largely in line with their own wishes and that their love for their profession was quite strong. However, the participants stated that they considered themselves inadequate in terms of professional competence, especially in terms of pedagogical formation knowledge. In addition, it was determined that they had some problems in the institutions they worked in and in their communication with parents. The participants offered solutions to these problems and emphasized that various strategies should be developed to overcome these problems. It is thought that this study will contribute to the future studies on 4-6 year old Quran Courses
Defense of the Theory of Temporally Created Will in No Substrate in the Case of Qadi `Abd Al-Jabbar
No full textThis article deals with the Bahshamites' theory of God's attribute of will that is in no substrate and temporally created (iradatun hadithatun la fi l-mahall). According to the theory, God's attribute of will genuinely exists and it has no carrier. The two primary components of the theory are that will is in no substrate and temporally created. Since these features led to physical and theological challenges, they were subjected to various criticisms both within and outside the sect. In response to these criticisms, the Bahshamites revised the understanding of accidents and developed internally consistent answers to the theory. The aim of this study is to present the answers to the criticisms through Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar, one of the significant representatives of the Bahshamites. In this regard, the article focuses on Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar's treatise, encompassing the criticisms that emerged concerning the divine will's attributes of being in no substrate and temporally created, as well as the counterarguments given to these arguments. The primary factor that led the Bahshamites to the defense of this theory was the sect's tenets of tawhid and justice. According to the principle of tawhid, the existence of an eternal attribute carried by God's essence cannot be accepted as it implies the acknowledgment of other eternal beings alongside God's essence. Thus, divine wills cannot be included in the category of divine attributes (sifatun ma'nawiya). According to the tenet of justice, the will (being a disciple) cannot be counted as an essential attribute derived from God's essence. The acceptance of this as an essential attribute leads to the conclusion that God wills evil as well as good. This would mean that will stemming from essence is equally distant from all intended objects, beyond ethical values. In order to justify God's voluntary orientation towards only the good, this attribute is placed in the category of created beings. The tenet of tawhid is maintained by characterizing the will as being in no substrate and not carried by God's essence. However, these features attributed to the will being in no substrate and created have drawn criticism both within and outside the sect. Critics argue that the emergence of a created will entails a change in God's state and that its non-spatial nature undermines the theory of kalam atomism. As a result, it has been determined that the divine wills are created and in the category of accidents, have arithmetically multiple structures and mathematical limitations, and have structural features such as being non-physical because they are not sensory