Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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Investigating Barriers to Building Information Modeling Adoption for Sustainable Construction in Türkiye
Get PDFKüresel çevresel kaygıların giderek artmasıyla birlikte, enerji tüketimi ve sera gazı emisyonlarının en büyük kaynaklarından biri olan inşaat sektörü, sürdürülebilir uygulamaları benimseme konusunda artan bir baskı altına girmiştir. Sürdürülebilir yapılar, inşaatın çevresel etkilerini azaltmak için önemli bir fırsat sunarken, Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi (YBM) bu dönüşümü destekleyen dijital bir araç olarak öne çıkmaktadır. YBM veri odaklı karar verme ve yaşam döngüsü analizi yoluyla enerji verimli ve çevre dostu yapıların tasarımını, inşasını ve işletmesini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ancak, bilinen tüm faydalarına rağmen, YBM'nin sürdürülebilir yapı projelerinde kullanımı bazı bölgelerde, özellikle Türkiye'de sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki Mimarlık, Mühendislik ve İnşaat sektöründe sürdürülebilir yapılarda YBM uygulamasının önündeki temel engelleri araştırmaktadır. Kapsamlı bir literatür taraması sonucunda on sekiz engel belirlenmiş ve bu engellerin önemini değerlendirmek üzere yapılandırılmış bir anket geliştirilmiştir. Anketin netliğini ve geçerliliğini sağlamak için tam ölçekli uygulamadan önce bir pilot çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Ortalama Skor Yöntemi ve Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ile analiz edilerek engellerin sınıflandırılması ve etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bulgular, en kritik engellerin finansal nitelikte olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle, yüksek eğitim maliyetleri, yazılım lisans ücretleri ve YBM uzmanlarının maliyeti öne çıkan engeller arasındadır. Buna karşılık, yazılım karmaşıklığı veya telif hakkı gibi süreç ve teknoloji temelli engeller daha az önemli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. AFA sonuçlarına göre, engeller altı kategori altında gruplandırılmıştır: Finansal, Kullanılabilirlik ve İş Birliği, Yazılım, Pazar ve Devlet, Bilgi, Kurumsal ve Mevzuat Engelleri. Her kategori, Türkiye'de sürdürülebilir projelerde YBM entegrasyonunu zorlaştıran farklı zorlukları ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye bağlamında YBM uygulamasının önündeki engellerin çok boyutlu yapısını gözler önüne sererken, sürdürülebilir yapı projelerinde YBM kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması için çözülmesi gereken temel sorunlara dair önemli bulgular sunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, sektördeki paydaşlara ve politika yapıcılara, hedefe yönelik müdahaleler geliştirme, farkındalığı artırma ve YBM tabanlı sürdürülebilir inşaatı destekleme konusunda yol gösterici olabilir.As global environmental concerns intensify, the construction sector, one of the largest contributors to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, has come under growing pressure to adopt sustainable practices. Sustainable buildings offer a significant opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of construction, and Building Information Modeling (BIM) has emerged as a promising digital tool to support this transition. By enabling data-driven decision-making and lifecycle analysis, BIM facilitates the design, construction, and operation of energy-efficient, eco-friendly buildings. However, despite its recognized benefits, the adoption of BIM in sustainable building projects remains limited in some regions, including Türkiye. This study investigates the key barriers to BIM implementation in sustainable construction within Türkiye's Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. Eighteen barriers were identified through an extensive literature review, and a structured survey was developed to assess their significance. A pilot study preceded full-scale data collection to ensure the clarity and validity of the survey. Responses were analyzed using the Mean Score Method and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to classify and evaluate the impact of the barriers. The findings indicate that financial constraints, particularly high training costs, licensing fees, and the cost of BIM experts, are the most critical barriers. In contrast, process-related and technological challenges, such as software complexity or copyright issues, were perceived as less significant. EFA grouped the barriers into six categories: Financial, Usability and Collaboration, Software, Market and Governmental, Knowledge, and Organizational and Regulatory. Each category reveals distinct challenges that hinder the integration of BIM in sustainable projects. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of BIM adoption barriers in Türkiye and offers insights into the most pressing obstacles that need to be addressed to foster more widespread and effective use of BIM in sustainable building projects. The results can inform industry stakeholders and policymakers aiming to develop targeted interventions, improve awareness, and support BIM-based sustainable construction
Bosentan Reduces Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, bosentan only, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR), and MIR-bosentan (MIR-B). Ischemia was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes, followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. Bosentan was administered intraperitoneally at 30 mg/kg during ischemia in the MIR-B group. Histopathological evaluation assessed neutrophil infiltration, cardiomyocyte damage, tissue edema, and hemorrhage, while biochemical analyses measured total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in myocardial tissue. Results: The MIR group showed significantly increased histopathological injury scores, including neutrophil infiltration, cardiomyocyte damage, edema, and hemorrhage, compared to control and bosentan-only groups (p<0.001). Bosentan treatment significantly reduced these injury scores in the MIR-B group compared to the MIR group (p<0.05). Biochemically, the MIR group exhibited elevated TOS and OSI levels and reduced TAS and PON-1 activity, indicating oxidative stress. Bosentan administration significantly improved these parameters by lowering TOS and OSI levels, and by increasing TAS and PON-1 activity compared to the MIR group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, bosentan demonstrated significant protective effects against MIRI by attenuating histological damage and oxidative stress in rat myocardium. These findings suggest that endothelin receptor antagonism with bosentan may offer a promising therapeutic approach to reduce myocardial injury following ischemia-reperfusion events such as those occurring during coronary artery bypass grafting. Further studies are needed to explore its clinical potential
Stakeholder Selection Framework for Participatory Design of Social Robots
Get PDFSosyal robotlar, insanlarla etkileşimde giderek daha yaygın hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışma, kullanıcı ihtiyaçlarını paydaş uzmanlıklarıyla eşleştirmeye yönelik sistematik bir metodoloji eksikliğini ele almıştır. Tasarlanacak sosyal robotun kullanım alanından bağımsız bir çerçeve ile tasarım ve uzmanlık alanları oluşturularak yapılandırılmış bir paydaş seçimi hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmaya uyarlanmış Kalite Fonksiyon Dağıtımı (QFD) kullanılarak, sosyal robotları karakterize eden boyutlar ile paydaş uzmanlıkları arasındaki ilişkiler analiz edilmiş ve sistematik bir paydaş seçim süreci geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen çerçeve ayrıca tasarımcıların Tasarım Yapı Matrisi (DSM) metodolojisini kullanarak paydaşların uyumluluğunu kontrol etmelerine olanak sağlamaktadır. Sosyal robotların katılımcı tasarımıyla ilgili yayınlardan seçilen vaka çalışmaları aracılığıyla yürütülen doğrulama, çerçevenin uygulanabilirliğini göstermiştir. Bu araştırma, literatürdeki kritik bir boşluğu doldurarak, kullanıcı ihtiyaçlarına göre uyarlanmış ve kişiselleştirilmiş sosyal robotların katılımcı tasarımı için sistematik bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır.Social robots increasingly interact with humans in diverse contexts. This study addresses the gap in systematic methodologies for matching user needs with stakeholder expertise in participatory design. By creating a context-independent framework, it facilitates structured stakeholder selection through design and expertise spaces. Using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) adapted to this study, the relationships between dimensions characterizing social robots and stakeholder expertise were analyzed resulting in a systematic stakeholder selection process. The developed framework also allows designers to check compatibility of stakeholders using the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) methodology. Validation conducted through case studies selected from the publications related to the participatory design of social robots, demonstrated the framework's applicability. This research fills a critical gap in the literature by providing a systematic approach for the participatory design of social robots that are tailored and personalized to user needs
Dual Zn/Zr Hybrid Framework-Integrated Membranes With Enhanced Proton Conductivity and Durability for High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells
No full textThis study proposes an innovative strategy for fabricating advanced composite membranes based on a poly[2,2′-(m-phenylene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (PBI) matrix for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). A co-synthesized hybrid porous framework incorporating both Zn- and Zr-based nanostructures was integrated into the PBI backbone, ensuring uniform dispersion and strong interfacial bonding, as verified by comprehensive structural and morphological characterizations. This dual-framework architecture promoted the formation of continuous proton-conductive channels and enhanced membrane stability under demanding operating conditions. Furthermore, the membranes were utilized after acid doping, and the hybrid structure effectively mitigated the acid leaching issue, ensuring stable long-term proton conductivity. At 0.6 V and 170°C, the membranes achieved a current density of ≈630 mA/cm2, demonstrating the critical role of structural optimization in improving fuel cell efficiency. These findings offer valuable insights into designing scalable, durable, and thermally stable membranes for next-generation HT-PEMFC applications. © 2025 Society of Plastics Engineers
The Relationship between Perinatal Grief and Spiritual Well-Being in Women Experiencing Termination due to Fetal Anomaly in Türkiye
No full textPregnancy termination is a significant event in women's lives and can be considered a traumatic experience that can assess grief reactions. Couples who accept the decision to have a medical termination due to fetal anomaly face not only anxiety and feelings of loss, but also difficulties adapting to and coping with the termination process. This study aims to examine the relationship between perinatal grief and spiritual well-being in women who experience termination due to fetal anomaly. The study sample consisted of 256 women who had undergone termination during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, standard deviation), the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses. The participants' mean score on the Perinatal Grief Scale was 112.87 +/- 15.04. The spiritual well-being scale subscale scores were 56.13 +/- 8.69 for the transcendence subscale, 25.27 +/- 2.94 for the harmony with nature subscale, and 26.58 +/- 3.18 for the anomie subscale. The correlation between the mean scores of the scales indicated that perinatal grief level was positively and significantly related to both the transcendence (r = 0.454; p < .001) and harmony with nature (r = 0.571; p < .001) subscales, while there was a strong negative correlation between perinatal grief and the anomie subscale (r = -0.762; p < .001). In conclusion, the study results indicate that perinatal grief is significantly related to various dimensions of spiritual well-being. These findings support the idea that supporting spiritual well-being in individuals experiencing perinatal grief can strengthen psychosocial adjustment
Historical Context and Contemporary Interventions: Integrating AI-Assisted Design Processes Into Architectural Education
No full textBentley Advancing Infrastructure; POLARKON; TUBITAKThis study explores AI-assisted design methodologies in architectural education through a pedagogical experiment conducted during the 2024-2025 Fall Semester in a third-year architectural design studio. Titled “Contemporary Interventions in Historic Contexts,” the workshop focused on using AI tools to engage with historical continuity and create contemporary architectural interventions. Set in Amasya, Türkiye—a city rich in architectural heritage—the studio examined the role of text-to-image and image-to-image AI tools in conceptual development, spatial representation, and iterative design. The research positions AI within architectural heritage discourse and design pedagogy, analyzing its role in facilitating design inquiry, engagement with historical context, and conceptual clarity. Findings show that, when integrated into iterative design, AI enhances students’ ability to critically engage with historical contexts, explore novel spatial configurations, and develop innovative architectural responses. Rather than merely serving as a visualization tool, AI is framed as an active collaborator in the creative process, supporting architectural thinking while preserving human-centered design. The study uses a qualitative methodology, combining case study analysis and student work evaluation, including AI-generated images, sketches, models, and final proposals. © 2025, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. All rights reserved
Comparison of the Effects of Breast Milk and Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) on the Healing of Diaper Dermatitis in Infants: A Randomized Trial
No full textBackground: Diaper dermatitis (DD) is a very common problem in infants between 1 and 6 months. While it rarely causes long-lasting problems, it can cause serious short-term problems for both infants and parents. Accordingly, this study compared the effect of breast milk and diaper rash cream containing Hamamelis virginiana (12 mg/100 g) on the healing process in 0-6 month-old infants with DD. Methods: This randomized, single-blinded trial was conducted with 60 infants aged 0-6 months diagnosed with DD. Participants were assigned to either the breast milk group (BG) or the comparison group (CG) receiving Hamamelis virginiana cream. Demographic characteristics and DD severity were assessed using a structured demographic questionnaire and the validated Assessment of the Severity of Uncomplicated DD in Infants Scale. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed rank, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, the mean scale score was 5.17 +/- 0.46 in the BG, 2.83 +/- 1.37 in the CG, which was a statistically significant difference. After the intervention, there was a significant decrease in the mean scale score in the BG to 0.03 +/- 0.18, whereas the mean decrease was smaller in the CG (1.53 +/- 1.11). The difference in the mean scale scores between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the postintervention mean scale score of the BG was significantly lower than that of the CG. However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison of treatment efficacy. Conclusions: Topically applied breast milk appears to be a safe, accessible, and cost-effective option for treating uncomplicated DD, with greater improvement than cream containing Hamamelis virginiana. However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison. Further studies using block randomization are recommended
The Silent Saboteur: The Impact of Headaches on Sleep Disorders, Central Sensitization, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress
No full textNumerical Modeling of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Single Crystals
No full textHidrojen gevrekleşmesi (HE), özellikle yüksek performanslı alaşımlarda, mikroskobik ölçekte hidrojen ile kristal kusurlarının etkileşimi sonucu oluşan erken kırılmalar nedeniyle, metalik yapıların bütünlüğünü tehdit eden önemli bir bozulma mekanizmasıdır. Bu tezde, tek kristal metallerde HE'yi modellemek amacıyla, sonlu şekil değiştirme kristal plastikliği ile varyasyonel faz alanı kırık kuramı birleştirilerek sayısal bir çerçeve sunulmaktadır. Tezin kuramsal temeli; sonlu deformasyon kinematiği, çarpanlı ayrıştırmaya dayalı kristal plastikliği ve hidrojenin difüzyonu ile tutulmasını tanımlayan fenomenolojik yaklaşımları içermektedir. Bu temele dayanarak geliştirilen model, anizotropik plastik şekil değişimi ile hidrojen kaynaklı kırığı termodinamik tutarlılıkla birlikte ele almaktadır. Toplam serbest enerji fonksiyoneli elastik, plastik ve kırık katkılarını içerir; kırık evrimi ise mekanik iş ve plastik deformasyonla ilişkili bir birikim değişkeniyle yönlendirilir. Elastik ve akma gerilmelerine uygulanan indirgeme işlevleri, sünek hasarı temsil eder. Çekme ve kayma yükleri altındaki tek kristal numunelerde yapılan sayısal simülasyonlar, hidrojen derişimi, kristal yönelimi ve içsel uzunluk ölçeğinin çatlak oluşumu ve evrimi üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır. Ağ inceliği ve eşik duyarlılık analizleri, modelin kararlılığını doğrulamaktadır. Bu çerçeve, hidrojen etkisindeki kristallerde mikroyapısal kayma etkinliği ile makroskobik kırık davranışı arasındaki ilişkiyi modelleyerek, polikristal yapılar ve tane sınırı etkileri gibi daha karmaşık sistemlere yönelik çalışmalara sağlam bir temel sunmaktadır.Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) poses a significant threat to the structural reliability of metallic components, particularly in high performance alloys where hydrogen interactions at the microscale can lead to premature failure. This thesis introduces a computational framework to model HE in single crystal metals by coupling finite strain crystal plasticity with variational phase field fracture theory. The theoretical groundwork includes finite deformation kinematics, thermomechanical crystal plasticity with multiplicative decomposition, and a phenomenological treatment of hydrogen diffusion and trapping. A fully coupled, thermodynamically consistent model is developed, integrating anisotropic plasticity and hydrogen induced fracture through a variational phase field approach. The fracture process is governed by a total free energy functional, incorporating elastic, plastic, and fracture contributions. Selective degradation of elastic and yield stresses captures ductile hydrogen damage, while an accumulation variable dependent on mechanical work and plasticity drives crack evolution. Numerical simulations on single crystal specimens under tensile and shear loading demonstrate the model's capabilities. The results reveal how hydrogen concentration, crystallographic orientation, and internal length scale influence crack initiation, propagation, deflection, and bifurcation. Mesh sensitivity and threshold studies confirm numerical robustness. This framework provides a predictive tool for exploring the interplay between microstructural slip activity and macroscopic fracture in hydrogen affected crystals. It establishes a foundation for extending to polycrystalline systems, grain boundary phenomena, and multiscale modeling of hydrogen sensitive materials
A Socio-spatial Analysis of Kitchens in Toki Housing: The Case of the North Ankara Project
No full textBu çalışma, Kuzey Ankara Kentsel Dönüşüm Projes kapsamında farklı yıllarda nşa ed lm ş olan T p 3 ve T p 7 TOKİ konutlarında yer alan mutfak mekanlarını, mekânsal n tel kler , sab t donatı yerleş mler ve ergonom k uygunlukları le kullanıcı deney mler açısından değerlend rmey amaçlamaktadır. T p 3 ve T p 7 mutfakları, aynı projeye a t olmalarına karşın farklı yıllarda nşa ed lm ş olup; planlama yaklaşımları ve donatı yerleş mler açısından bel rg n farklılıklar göstermekted r. Bu nedenle, söz konusu k mutfak t p , TOKİ'n n konut üret m sürec nde zamanla değ şen tasarım anlayışını ncelemek açısından anlamlı b r örneklem sunmaktadır. Çalışmada öncel kle her k t p mutfağa a t m mar projeler üzer nden mekânsal anal zler gerçekleşt r lm ş; mutfakların plan t p , alan büyüklüğü, dolap ve donatı yerleş mler g b temel f z ksel özell kler ncelenm şt r. Ardından sab t donatılar, kullanıcı ergonom s ne uygunluk düzey ve çalışma alanlarının ver ml l ğ g b unsurlar değerlend r lm şt r. Saha araştırması kapsamında uygulanan anket çalışmasıyla, kullanıcıların mutfak kullanımı, sab t donatılardan memnun yet düzeyler , yemek hazırlama ve yeme alışkanlıkları le havalandırma ve aydınlatma koşullarına l şk n görüşler toplanmıştır. Elde ed len anket ver ler , demograf k özell kler, hane halkı büyüklüğü ve mekânsal n tel kler g b değ şkenler doğrultusunda anal z ed lm şt r. Elde ed len bulgular doğrultusunda, T p 3 ve T p 7 mutfaklarının f z ksel yeterl l kler ve kullanıcı beklent ler bağlamında güçlü ve zayıf yönler bel rlenm ş; toplu konut projeler nde kullanıcı ht yaçlarını gözeten mutfak tasarımlarının önem vurgulanmıştır. Bu çalışma, TOKİ'n n gelecektek konut üret m süreçler nde daha n tel kl ve kullanıcı odaklı mutfak çözümler gel şt rmes ne katkı sağlamayı hedeflemekted r.This study aims to evaluate the kitchen spaces in Tip 3 and Tip 7 TOKİ housing units, constructed in different years within the scope of the Northern Ankara Urban Transformation Project, in terms of spatial qualities, fixed fixture arrangements, ergonomic suitability, and user experiences. Although Tip 3 and Tip 7 kitchens belong to the same project, they were built in different years and exhibit notable differences in planning approaches and fixture layouts. Therefore, these two kitchen types provide a meaningful sample for examining the evolving design philosophy in TOKİ's housing production process over time. Initially, spatial analyses were conducted based on the architectural plans of both kitchen types; key physical features such as kitchen layout, area size, cabinet, and fixture arrangements were examined. Subsequently, fixed fixtures, the level of ergonomic suitability for users, and the efficiency of work areas were assessed. Within the scope of the field study, a survey was conducted to collect users' opinions on kitchen usage, satisfaction with fixed fixtures, cooking and dining habits, as well as ventilation and lighting conditions. The obtained survey data were analyzed in relation to variables such as demographic characteristics, household size, and spatial qualities. Based on the findings, the strengths and weaknesses of Tip 3 and Tip 7 kitchens were identified in terms of physical adequacy and user expectations, highlighting the importance of kitchen designs that consider user needs in mass housing projects. This study aims to contribute to the development of more qualified and user-oriented kitchen solutions in TOKİ's future housing production processes