Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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Effect of 25(OH)D Supplementation on Adipokines and Advanced Glycation End Products in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic and Obesity Rat Model
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a global health problem and vitamin D deficiency is thougt to be a reasonal factor for development of diabetes. Our aim is to investigate among vitamin D levels and blood glucose, insulin resistance, adiponectin, apelin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation in modeled obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. During the 14-week experiment; 1-Control group was fed standart diet-(12 % of calories of fat), 2-Diabetes group was fed high fat diet (HFD)-at the 4th week Streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg) was injected, 3-Diabetes/vitamin D group was fed HFD-at the 4th week STZ was injected-between 4th-14th week vitamin D supplement was administered, 4-Obesity group was fed HFD-(40% of calories as fat), 5-Obesity/vitamin D group was fed HFD-between 4th-14th week vitamin D supplement was administered. At 14th week, biochemical parameters, adipokine concentrations, kidney tissue cytokine levels, liver tissue oxidative stress index parameters were measured in serum and tissue using commercial ELISA kits, H&E (hematoxylin & Eosin) staining of kidney, heart, liver, coronary artery, renal artery tissues and immunohistochemical staining of kidney tissues were performed. It was concluded that vitamin D can alleviate glucose parameters and lipid parameters in type 2 diabetic and obesity modeled rats and we think it may be useful adjuvant agent in obesity and T2DM treatment.Science Citation Index Expande
International Students' Adaptation in Ankara: The Mediating Roles of Anxiety and Self-Esteem
No full textWith globalization, the appeal of studying abroad has grown among university students seeking better educational and career opportunities. However, adapting to a new culture often presents significant challenges, especially as international students face language barriers, cultural differences, and stressors that affect their anxiety, self-esteem, and identity development. Despite the importance of these factors, research on this topic in Turkey remains limited. This study addresses this gap by assessing general anxiety levels of students and examining the relationship between adaptation and identity development among international students, using cross-sectional quantitative methods and self-reported questionnaires. Data from 488 participants were analyzed using SPSS and SmartPLS. Results indicate that both anxiety and self-esteem partially mediate the relationship between identity development and adaptation. Anxiety negatively associates with both identity development and adaptation, while self-esteem shows positive associations with both. Proficiency level and previous travel experience were identified as significant factors influencing students' adaptation. These findings offer valuable insights for universities, policymakers, and other stakeholders in creating a supportive environment that enhances the adaptation experience of international students.Social Science Citation Inde
Is Search Engine Presence Impacting Individuals Cognitive Self-Esteem, Willingness To Answer, Feeling of Knowing, Feeling of Findability and Recognition ?
No full textBu tezde, arama motoru kullanımının bilişsel özgüven (CSE), bilişsel şişkinlik, işlemsel hafıza, bilme hissi ve bulunabilirlik algısı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmekte olup, dijital araçların psikolojik etkileri üzerine yapılan araştırmalardaki önemli bir boşluğa dikkat çekilmektedir. Arama motorlarının, özellikle de Google'ın erişilebilirliğinin, bireylerin farklı bilişsel görevler ve değişen soru zorluk seviyeleri bağlamında bilişsel yeteneklerine dair algılarını nasıl ince bir şekilde etkilediğini araştırmak amacıyla deneysel bir yöntem uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, arama motoru kullanımının kısa vadede görev performansını artırdığı, ancak aynı zamanda kullanıcıların bilişsel yeteneklerine olan güvenini değiştirdiği ve dış bellek yardımcılarına bağımlılığı artırdığı yönündedir. Çalışmada, bireylerin bilgiye zahmetsiz erişim sağlandığında bilişsel yeteneklerini abartılı bir şekilde değerlendirdiğini gösteren 'Google Etkisi'nin varlığı kanıtlanmıştır. Ayrıca, bilişsel özgüvenin, görevin karmaşıklığı ve dijital yardımcıların varlığına bağlı olarak önemli ölçüde dalgalandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Arama motoru kullanımının bilişsel ve psikolojik boyutlarına dair içgörüler sunan bu tez, teknolojinin bilişsel gelişim üzerindeki etkisini daha kapsamlı bir şekilde anlamaya katkıda bulunmakta ve eğitim yöntemleri açısından daha geniş çaplı sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır.In this thesis, the influence of search engine usage on cognitive self-esteem (CSE), cognitive inflation, transactive memory, the feeling of knowing, and the perception of findability is examined, addressing a significant gap in research concerning the psychological effects of digital tools. An experimental methodology has been employed to investigate how the accessibility of search engines, particularly Google, subtly influences individuals' perceptions of their cognitive abilities across various cognitive tasks and differing levels of question difficulty. The findings indicate that, while task performance is enhanced in the short term through search engine use, users' confidence in their cognitive capacities is also altered, fostering an increased reliance on external memory aids. The presence of the 'Google Effect' is substantiated by the research, demonstrating that individuals tend to develop an inflated self-assessment of their cognitive abilities due to the effortless availability of information. Furthermore, it is observed that cognitive self-esteem fluctuates considerably based on task complexity and the presence of digital assistance. By providing insights into the cognitive and psychological dimensions of search engine use, this thesis contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of technology's influence on cognitive development and its broader implications for educational methodologies
Voices of the Other: Colonial Encounters and Identity Transformation in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart and Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North
No full textThe dynamic of 'us vs. them' has been central to colonial encounters, manifesting as a clash between Western cultures and the societies they sought to dominate. Postcolonial literature often examines this dichotomy, portraying the disruptive tension between the 'inside' of indigenous cultures and the 'outside' forces of Western imperialism. Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart and Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North explore this confrontation, each offering a unique perspective on how colonial and postcolonial encounters redefine identity, culture, and power. While Achebe illustrates the collapse of the Igbo world under the encroachment of British colonialism, Salih examines the lingering psychological and cultural fragmentation caused by Western domination in postcolonial Sudan. Together, these novels interrogate the boundary between 'us' and 'them,' revealing the lasting effects of cultural invasion and resistance. Achebe and Salih both critique the simplistic categorization of the colonizer and the colonized, exploring how the imposition of the 'outside' not only disrupts but also transforms the 'inside,' leaving behind hybrid spaces where identities are reshaped, traditions are reimagined, and power dynamics are contested. In doing so, they underscore the lasting effects of cultural invasion, resistance, and the enduring complexities of postcolonial identity formation.The dynamic of 'us vs. them' has been central to colonial encounters, manifesting as a clash between Western cultures and the societies they sought to dominate. Postcolonial literature often examines this dichotomy, portraying the disruptive tension between the 'inside' of indigenous cultures and the 'outside' forces of Western imperialism. Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart and Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North explore this confrontation, each offering a unique perspective on how colonial and postcolonial encounters redefine identity, culture, and power. While Achebe illustrates the collapse of the Igbo world under the encroachment of British colonialism, Salih examines the lingering psychological and cultural fragmentation caused by Western domination in postcolonial Sudan. Together, these novels interrogate the boundary between 'us' and 'them,' revealing the lasting effects of cultural invasion and resistance. Achebe and Salih both critique the simplistic categorization of the colonizer and the colonized, exploring how the imposition of the 'outside' not only disrupts but also transforms the 'inside,' leaving behind hybrid spaces where identities are reshaped, traditions are reimagined, and power dynamics are contested. In doing so, they underscore the lasting effects of cultural invasion, resistance, and the enduring complexities of postcolonial identity formation
Protective Effects of Bosentan Via Endothelin Receptor Antagonism in Experimental Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Lower Limb of Rats
No full textYigman, ZeynepObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, against skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control (C, n=6), bosentan-treated (B, n=6), ischemiareperfusion (IR, n=6), and bosentan plus ischemia-reperfusion (B+IR, n=6). Bosentan (10 mg/kg) was administered 30 minutes prior to reperfusion. In the IR and B+IR groups, ischemia was induced using vascular bulldog clamps for 45 minutes, followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. Results: Histological and biochemical assessments revealed significant differences among the groups. The disorganization and degeneration scores of the muscle cells in the B+IR group were significantly lower than those in the IR group (P = 0.001). The degree of interstitial edema in the IR group was markedly more severe than in the C and B groups (all P < 0.001), while the interstitial edema score in the B+IR group was significantly lower than that in the IR group (P < 0.001). The total muscle injury scores were markedly reduced in the B+IR group compared to the IR group (P < 0.001). Biochemically, TAS levels were significantly higher in the B+IR group compared to the IR group (1.03 f 0.18 vs 0.59 f 0.10 mmol/L, P = 0.016). Conversely, TOS (1.97 f 0.39 vs 2.86 f 0.43 IU/mg, P < 0.001) and OSI levels (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the B+IR group. Additionally, paraoxonase (PON-1) enzyme activity was significantly reduced in the B+IR group compared to the IR group (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that bosentan exerts its protective effects by antagonizing endothelin-1 receptors, thereby mitigating vasoconstriction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The observed reductions in muscle cell disorganization, interstitial edema, hemorrhage, neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress markers underscore bosentan's potential as a therapeutic agent for managing ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conclusion: Bosentan demonstrates significant protective effects against skeletal muscle IRI by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation through endothelin receptor antagonism. These findings underscore bosentan's potential as a therapeutic agent for mitigating ischemia-reperfusion injury in vascular surgeries and managing critical limb ischemia in clinical settings. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects of bosentan on muscle recovery and systemic health following ischemia-reperfusion injury.Science Citation Index Expande
Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 Items in Adults
No full textBackground: The enjoyment of physical activity significantly influences participation in sports and various forms of physical activity. This study aims to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation and assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 Items (PACES-8). Methods: A total of 120 participants were included in the study. A standardized translation process was followed. Criterion-related validity was assessed using the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ). All participants were evaluated in two sessions following a 15-min walk. Sociodemographic data, PACES-8, BREQ-2, and IPAQ questionnaires were administered during the initial measurement, while the second measurement focused solely on assessing physical activity enjoyment. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed factor loadings ranging from 0.78 to 0.94, indicating a strong single-factor structure. The model demonstrated a good fit to the data (Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test (χ²/df) = 3.26, p < 0.001; Comparative Fit Index = 0.96; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.93). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.95, reflecting excellent internal consistency. PACES-8 showed a low correlation with the external regulation score of BREQ-2 (r = -0.24, p = 0.03) and the physical activity score (IPAQ score) of participants (r = 0.24, p = 0.007). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Turkish version of PACES-8 is a unidimensional, reliable, and valid instrument for measuring enjoyment of physical activity. Further research is needed to assess its validity across different populations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Child Language Brokering in Turkey: Non-Professional Interpreting Experiences From Kurdish, Arab, and Pomak Ethnic Minorities
Get PDFThis research unveils retrospective child language brokering experiences within local ethnic minorities in Turkey. Employing a multiple-case study research design, the investigation delves into the brokering experiences of three adult participants from diverse ethnic backgrounds - Kurdish, Arab, and Pomak communities. The semi-structured interviews shed light on individual encounters, including primary motivations and settings for brokering, employed translation strategies, perceived impacts of brokering, and the normativity of child language brokering. They also illuminate the societal positioning of these ethnic minorities, especially minority women, within Turkey and the prevailing state policies affecting minority language rights. The findings obtained are discussed in connection with a nuanced exploration of the contextual and historical dimensions surrounding these ethnic minorities. In this sense, departing from the prevailing focus on child language brokering within immigrant families, this research redirects attention to brokering practices among local ethnic minorities. Beyond the preliminary exploration of child language brokering in Turkey, this study is an early investigation into non-professional interpreting activities among ethnic minorities residing in the country. The study also generates implications that intersect the domains of public service interpreting and politics
Tasarım Eğitiminde Stratejik ve Yapılandırmacı Bir Pedagojik Yaklaşım Olarak “Katılım”
No full textBu çalışma, artırılmış katılım fırsatlarının tasarım stüdyosunda eğitmenler ve öğrenciler arasında daha gerçekçi bir diyalog kurarak öğrenmeyi geliştirme potansiyeline sahip olduğu konusunu tartışmakta ve proje tabanlı tasarım öğreniminin yapılandırmacı görüşüne ve karşılıklı ve sürekli bir öğrenme süreci olarak tanımlanan katılım kavramına dayanmaktadır. İlk olarak, katılımcıların görüşleri aracılığıyla ana tartışmaya bir temel oluşturmak için eğitmenler ve öğrencilerle bir atölye çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ardından, elde edilen çıktılar bir ikinci sınıf endüstriyel tasarım dersinde uygulanmıştır. Ders koordinatörü ile yapılan bir görüşmeye ek olarak öğrenciler ile yarı yapılandırılmış bir odak grup çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, öğrenme ve katılım konusundaki farklı motivasyon ve tercihlere rağmen, katılımın öğrencilerin hem tasarım hem de öğrenme süreçlerini anlamlandırmalarına yardımcı olduğunu göstermektedir
On the Metrizability of Suprametric Space
No full textThe question of metrizability of suprametric space is answered positively. The observed metric coincides with a suprametric in a way that convergence and continuity are preserved between suprametric space and associated metric space along with the propery of a Cauchy sequence. Consequently, a suprametric space is complete if and only if associated metric space is complete. Fixed point theorems in suprametric space are obtained as a corollary of well-known fixed point results. © 2025 Erdal Karaplnar et al.Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MEST, (451-03-47/2023-01/200124); Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MESTScience Citation Index Expande
Mothering Disabled Children in Hilary Mantel's Every Day Is Mother's Day (1985), Doris Lessing's The Fifth Child (1988), and Jodi Picoult's Handle with Care (2009)
No full textBu tez, Hilary Mantel'in Every Day is Mother's Day (1985), Doris Lessing'in Beşinci Çocuk (1985) ve Jodi Picoult'nun Cam Çocuk (2009) adlı eserlerinde engelli çocukların annelerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Engelli çocukların annelerinin karşılaştığı zorluklar ele alınırken, annelik deneyimleri ve çocuklarıyla olan ilişkileri, ailelerde babaların rolleri, engelliliğin temsili ve romanların geçtiği zamanlardaki sosyal, eğitim ve sağlık hizmetlerinin işlevleri de tartışılacaktır. Bu tez engelli çocukların annelerinin yaşadığı zorlukların, esasen, toplumsal düzenin ataerkil yapısından kaynaklandığını ve bu düzenin büyük ölçüde engelsiz heteroseksüel erkek bireyler için tasarlandığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, tez annelik ve feminist engelli çalışmalarını temel almakta olup, Judith Butler'ın Performativite Kuramı ve Rosemarie Garland Thomson'ın Feminist Engellilik Kuramına referansla bir inceleme gerçekleştirmektedir. Butler'a göre toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, tekrar eden pratikler sonucunda şekillenir ve norm olarak kabul edilir; dolayısıyla doğal değil, toplumsal olarak inşa edilmiştir. Garland Thomson ise engelliliğin fiziksel değil, toplumsal olarak inşa edildiğini öne sürer. Bu yüzden, bireyleri engelli kılan fiziksel ya da bilişsel farklılıklar değil, toplumun engelsiz bireyler için tasarlanmış yapıları olduğu savunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma, geleneksel aile yapısı içinde annelerden ideal annelik sergilemelerinin beklendiğini ve bu durumun annelerin omuzlarına ağır bir yük olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Ayrıca, engelli bir çocuğa annelik etmenin, aile içi dinamikler ve toplumsal yapı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, çok daha fazla zorluk içerdiği tartışılmaktadır. Seçilen romanlar aracılığıyla, bu tezin, engelli çocukların annelerinin karşılaştığı zorlukların temelinde toplumsal normların yattığını ve bu normların, anneleri çocuklarının birincil bakım sağlayıcısı olarak konumlandırdığını ve, bunun yanı sıra, babaların aile içindeki yokluğu ve sosyal, eğitim ve sağlık hizmetlerinin yetersizliği, annelerin çocuklarını yetiştirirken daha fazla zorluk yaşamasına neden olduğunu bulmayı amaçlar.This dissertation aims to examine difficulties of mothering disabled children in Hilary Mantel's Every Day is Mother's Day (1985), Doris Lessing's The Fifth Child (1985) and Jodi Picoult's Handle with Care. By exploring the difficulties of mothers of disabled children as well as focusing on their motherhood and relationship with their children, the role of the fathers in the families, the representation of disability, and the function of social, education and healthcare services this dissertation aims to show that the difficulties mothers of disabled children have stem from the patriarchal order of the systems which are mainly designed for non-disabled straight male citizens of society. Therefore, this dissertation employs the theoretical frameworks of motherhood and disability referring to Judith Butler's Performativity Theory and Rosemarie Garland Thomson's Disability Theory. According to Judith Butler, gender roles are formed and accepted as norms as a result of repeated practices, so these roles are not natural, which makes them socially constructed. Parallel with Butler, Garland Thomson argues that disability is not physical but socially constructed, which means that it is not people's physical or cognitive disabilities that make them disabled, but the society designed for non-disabled individuals. Therefore, the dissertation claims that mothers aim to practice perfect motherhood as expected from women in conventional families, which makes them carry heavy burdens on their shoulders. Also, mothering a disabled child has more difficulties considering the family and social structure of society. Through this argument, in the selected novels, the dissertation aims to reveal that the difficulties the mothers of disabled children have lie in the norms of society which put the burden on mothers' shoulders as primary caretakers of their disabled children, and the absence of fathers and lack of support from social, education and healthcare services make these mothers have more challenges in raising their disabled children