Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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Death-In Women in Dubliners
No full textThis article analyses three stories “Eveline”, “Clay” and “The Dead” in James Joyce’s Dubliners by focusing on female characters and them being dead souls because of the pressures they have. In the stories, religion and marriage are two important reasons of the oppression that the Irish society creates on women who are victimized and devalued regardless of the fact that they are married or not. The study also claims that the protagonists of these stories, Eveline, Maria and Gretta also meet on the same ground in mirroring each other and showing the same end for all women in Dubliners. In that sense, the reason why these three women are chosen is the possible connection of these women, i.e., Eveline is the younger version of all these women and if she remains unmarried, her older version would be Maria and if she gets married, she would be like Gretta, underscoring the same end for all women. Thus, this article aims to scrutinise the female characters as dead souls in the stories “Eveline”, “Clay” and “The Dead” and how they are silenced to hide their disappointment, frustration and unfulfilled desires by the society which depreciates them. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The Mean Number of Failed Components in Discrete Time Consecutive K-Out F System and Its Application To Parameter Estimation and Optimal Age-Based Preventive Replacement
No full textIt is important in many respects to have information about the number of failed components in the system when or before a system fails. This paper investigates the mean number of failed components at or before the failure time of the linear consecutive k-out-of-n:F system which is a useful structure to model various engineering systems such as transportation and transmission systems. In particular, closed form expressions for the mean number of failed components within the system that have discretely distributed components lifetimes are obtained. The results are used to estimate the unknown parameter of the components' lifetime distribution and to find the optimal replacement cycle that minimizes the expected cost per unit of time under a certain age-based replacement policy.Science Citation Index Expande
DSÖ Avrupa Bölgesinde Grip Salgınının Büyüklüğünün Tahmin Edilmesi
No full textBu çalışma DSÖ Avrupa ülkeleri ve bölgelerindeki grip salgınının büyüklüğünü tahmin etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu ülkelerin dalga boyları, A ve B alt tipleri de dahil olmak üzere influenza vakalarının sayısına göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Salgının büyüklüğünü değerlendirmek için nüfus yoğunluğu, insani gelişme endeksi, vaka sayısı ve ilk vakanın kaydedilmesinden bu yana geçen gün sayısı gibi faktörler göz önünde bulundurularak epidemiyolojik dalga boyu yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Birleşik Krallık, İngiltere, 2022, 2023 ve 2024 yıllarında en yüksek dalga boyu skorlarına (We) sahip olmuştur. Buna karşılık, Azerbaycan sırasıyla 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında en düşük dalga boyu skorlarına (We) sahip olmuştur. DSÖ Avrupa ülkeleri ve bölgeleri için ortalama dalga boyu skoru 2023'te zirveye ulaşırken, en düşük skor 13,44 We ile 2022'de görülmüştür. Çalışma, epidemiyolojik dalga boyu yönteminin salgın boyutunu tahmin etmek için kullanılabileceğini ve salgının daha net ve daha güvenilir bir kesitsel görüntüsünü sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir
Potential Protective Effects of Boldine in Rat With an Experimental Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Model
No full textObjectives: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) remains a major challenge in cardiovascular medicine due to its complex pathophysiology involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular dysfunction. Boldine, a potent natural alkaloid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has demonstrated protective effects in various pathological conditions. However, its potential cardioprotective effects in MIRI remain largely unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Boldine in a rat model of MIRI by assessing oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes, and inflammatory responses. Materials and Methods: Male Albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, Boldine, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR), and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion + Boldine (MIR+B). Myocardial ischemia was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes, followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. Boldine (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally at the onset of reperfusion. Cardiac tissue samples were collected for histopathological evaluation and biochemical analysis, including total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and Oxidative Stress index (OSI). Results: Histopathological analysis revealed significant myocardial disorganization and inflammation in the MIR group compared to controls (p=0.05). Boldine treatment significantly reduced inflammation and myocardial disorganization in the MIR+B group (p<0.05), suggesting a protective effect. Biochemical analysis showed a marked decrease in TAS levels and an increase in TOS and OSI in the MIR group (p<0.001). However, Boldine administration significantly restored TAS levels and reduced TOS and OSI in the MIR+B group (p< 0.001), indicating attenuation of oxidative stress. Conclusion: Boldine exhibits significant cardioprotective effects in a rat model of MIRI by reducing oxidative stress, mitigating myocardial disorganization, and alleviating inflammation. These findings suggest that Boldine may serve as a therapeutic agent in ischemic heart disease. Further research is warranted to elucidate its precise mechanisms of action and potential clinical applications
Queer Lives in the Social Media Prism: Precarious LGBTQIA Plus Visibility and Lateral Surveillance in Azerbaijan
No full textIn countries where state institutions and the public largely reject LGBTQIA+ identities and issues, queer people struggle with visibility. Next to governments and technology providers, what queer people do, who they connect to, and how they express themselves is being watched and scrutinized by their families and proximate relations. This lateral surveillance is afforded by social media that establish, as we argue in this article, a prism. Here, LGBTQIA+ lives become refracted as extensive though incoherent patterns of digital traces. How queer people respond to this situation where the binary of visible versus invisible falls apart is poorly understood. To address that gap, we interrogate the precarious management of visibility attempted by LGBTQIA+ people in Azerbaijan with its heteropatriarchal, honor-driven culture. Based on our exploratory interview study, we find that queer Azerbaijanis were confronted with a highly ambivalent scopic setup where context collision loomed large. In effect, they supported LGBTQIA+ visibility but had personally decided not to live or promote it. Yet whilst their attempts to remain opaque may contradict their activistic compliancy, this was a logical reaction to too hard to handle terms of visibility
Knee Hyperextension in Chronic Stroke: Associated Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Factors
No full textBackground: This study aimed to determine the gait phase in which knee hyperextension occurs in stroke patients and to investigate the factors associated with knee hyperextension. Methods: This study included 30 stroke patients aged between 40 and 70 years with maximum knee hyperextension during the stance phase of gait. Muscle strength was evaluated with manual muscle test, and muscle tone was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale. Kinematic evaluation of the patients was made using the motion analysis system. Additionally, categorisation was made according to the stance phase of gait, where knee hyperextension was at its highest. Findings: A weak relationship was found between maximum knee hyperextension angle and gastrocnemius spasticity, a moderate relationship between knee flexor muscle strength, and a moderate relationship between ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength. In addition, a weak relationship was found between the maximum knee hyperextension and pelvic retraction angles. According to this clustering, it was observed that 66.67 % of the participants (20 people) showed maximum knee hyperextension in the single support phase. It was observed that the participants who had maximum knee hyperextension, especially after the mid-stance phase, had higher mean gastrocnemius spasticity. It was also observed that participants in Cluster 4, with a greater amount of maximum knee hyperextension, had the worst clinical parameters. Interpretation: Our study observed that the degree of maximum knee hyperextension was related to knee flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscle strengths, gastrocnemius spasticity and pelvic retraction. As clinical parameters worsened, maximum knee hyperextension was thought to occur late in the stance phase. Clinical Trial code: NCT05679700Science Citation Index Expande
A Novel Deep Learning-Based Framework With Particle Swarm Optimisation for Intrusion Detection in Computer Networks
No full textYilmaz, Abdullah Asim/0000-0002-3014-609XIntrusion detection plays a significant role in the provision of information security. The most critical element is the ability to precisely identify different types of intrusions into the network. However, the detection of intrusions poses a important challenge, as many new types of intrusion are now generated by cyber-attackers every day. A robust system is still elusive, despite the various strategies that have been proposed in recent years. Hence, a novel deep-learning-based architecture for detecting intrusions into a computer network is proposed in this paper. The aim is to construct a hybrid system that enhances the efficiency and accuracy of intrusion detection. The main contribution of our work is a novel deep learning-based hybrid architecture in which PSO is used for hyperparameter optimisation and three well-known pre-trained network models are combined in an optimised way. The suggested method involves six key stages: data gathering, pre-processing, deep neural network (DNN) architecture design, optimisation of hyperparameters, training, and evaluation of the trained DNN. To verify the superiority of the suggested method over alternative state-of-the-art schemes, it was evaluated on the KDDCUP'99, NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets. Our empirical findings show that the proposed model successfully and correctly classifies different types of attacks with 82.44%, 90.42% and 93.55% accuracy values obtained on UNSW-B15, NSL-KDD and KDDCUP'99 datasets, respectively, and outperforms alternative schemes in the literature.Science Citation Index Expande
From Partners To Rivals: Normative Power Europe Meets Normative Power China
No full textThe European Union (EU) has been promoting its norms, values, and rules for decades. However, in the current international environment, the EU’s normative power is not being received well outside the EU, particularly in reference to the growing power of illiberal states. Within that context, this study explores EU-China relations across time and unpacks the position of normative power Europe towards China and the Chinese response. The study foregrounds the fruitless attempts of the EU to project its transformative power onto China and the growing resistance by China against this, which it expresses by presenting itself to the West as an alternative power with an alternative understanding of international politics.Social Science Citation Inde
Yapay Zekâ Benimsenmesi ile Marka Sermayesi Arasındaki Karşılıklı Etkileşim: Türkiye Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme
No full textGünümüzün dijitalleşen iş dünyasında, Yapay Zekâ (YZ) teknolojilerinin benimsenmesi, iç marka yönetimi açısından işletmeler için stratejik bir unsur haline gelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, çalışan algısı temelinde YZ Benimsenmesinin (YZB), Çalışan Temelli Marka Sermayesi (ÇTMS) üzerindeki etkisini incelemek ve bu iki değişken arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Araştırma, nicel yönteme dayalı olarak nedensel (ilişkisel) tarama deseniyle yürütülmüştür. Veriler, kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen ve Türkiye’de YZ teknolojilerini aktif biçimde kullanan işletmelerde görev yapan 398 çalışandan çevrim içi anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracında, Türkiye’de müşteri temelli geliştirilen marka sermayesi ölçeği çalışanlara uyarlanmış; uyarlamanın geçerliliği ön analiz ve pilot çalışmayla test edilmiştir. Analiz sürecinde IBM SPSS for Windows v.22’de faktör yapısı incelenmiş, ardından IBM SPSS AMOS v.24 ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi gerçekleştirilerek model doğrulanmış ve test edilmiştir. Bulgular, YZB’nin ÇTMS’yi, ÇTMS’nin de YZB’yi anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediğini göstermiş; değişkenler arasında çift yönlü bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu etkiler, YZB için Kaynak Tabanlı Görüş ve Dinamik Yetenekler Kuramı; ÇTMS için ise Örgütsel Kimlik ve Sosyal Değişim Kuramı çerçevesinde açıklanmaktadır. Sonuçlar, YZ teknolojilerinin çalışan temelli marka değeri ve rekabet avantajı açısından kritik rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır
Mild Solutions for Neutral Conformable Fractional Order Functional Evolution Equations Using Meir-Keeler Type Fixed Point Theorem
No full textOur mission is to demonstrate the existence, uniqueness, attractiveness, and controllability of mild solutions to neutral conformable fractional-order functional evolution equations, specifically of order between 1 and 2. These intriguing equations encompass finite delay, all while adhering to local conditions within a separable Banach space. By invoking Meir-Keeler's fixed-point Theorem and enhancing it with measures of noncompactness, we establish the existence of these solutions. To highlight the potency of our approach, we present a captivating example