Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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Çekin Zayi Olması ve İptali
No full textÇek, tedavül gücü yüksek ve kamu güvenini haiz bir kıymetli evraktır. Türk Ticaret Kanunu'nun 645. maddesine göre çek, içerdiği hakla birlikte devredilir ve bu hak, çek olmadan kullanılamaz. Aynı zamanda çek, görüldüğünde ödenecek bir kıymetli evraktır. Çekte yer alan hakkın talep edilebilmesi için muhatap bankaya süresi içinde ibraz edilmesi gerekmektedir. İbraz ile birlikte çek hamili, çeke sıkı sıkıya bağlı olan alacağına kavuşabilecektir. Çekin kaybolması, çalınması, yanması gibi nedenlerle hamilin rızası dışında elinden çıkması ya da kullanılamayacak hale gelmesi durumunda, çek muhatap bankaya ibraz edilemez. Çekin muhatap bankaya ibraz edilememesi ise hamilin çekteki alacağına ulaşamaması sorununu ortaya çıkarır. Bu sorunun çözümü için Türk Ticaret Kanunu, çekin iptali hükümlerini düzenlemiştir. Çalışmamız zayi olmuş çeke uygulanacak ödeme yasağı, tevdi yeri belirlenmesi, iptal ve iade kararları öğreti ve yargı kararları ışığında incelenmiştir.A cheque is a negotiable instrument with high circulation power and public trust. According to Article 645 of the Turkish Commercial Code, a cheque is transferred together with the right it contains, and this right cannot be exercised without the cheque. At the same time, a cheque is a negotiable instrument payable on demand. To exercise the right associated with the cheque, it must be presented to the drawee bank within the prescribed period. Upon presentation, the cheque holder can obtain the claim tied to the cheque. In cases where the cheque is lost, stolen, burned, or otherwise removed from the holder's possession without consent or rendered unusable, it cannot be presented to the drawee bank. Failure to present the cheque to the drawee bank creates the issue of the holder being unable to access the claim on the cheque. To resolve this issue, the Turkish Commercial Code provides provisions for the annulment of the cheque. This study examines the payment prohibition applicable to lost cheques, the determination of a deposit place, and the annulment and return decisions in light of doctrine and judicial decisions
Large Deflection Analysis of Functionally Graded Reinforced Sandwich Beams With Auxetic Core Using Physics-Informed Neural Network
No full textThis paper aims to investigate the large deflection behavior of a sandwich beam reinforced with functionally graded (FG) graphene platelets (GPL) together with an auxetic core, rested on a nonlinear elastic foundation. The nonlinear governing equations of the problem are derived using Hamilton's principle based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory for large deflections. Five different distributions are considered to describe the dispersion of GPL in the top and bottom faces of the sandwich beam. The Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) method is employed to model the nonlinear deflection of the beam under various boundary conditions. This study highlights the effectiveness of PINN in handling the complexities of nonlinear structural analyses. The findings underscore the impact of the core auxeticity, GPL amount and distribution, and elastic foundation coefficient on the nonlinear deflection of the sandwich beam under different loading scenarios. For instance, using Type I configuration can reduce the deflection of the beam by nearly half compared to using Type IV. Furthermore, a nonlinear foundation with a unit coefficient results in a 48% reduction in deflection compared to the scenario without an elastic foundation.Science Citation Index Expande
A Niche-Based Perspective to Stem and Cancer Stem Cells of the Lung
No full textLungs carry the principle function for the conduction and exchange of air through the primary, secondary, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, resulting in the exchange of oxygen to carbon dioxide within the human tissues. Lung stem and progenitor cells enable differentiation of parenchymal and stromal elements and provide homeostasis and regeneration in the microenvironment against pulmonary diseases. Tumor-initiating cancer cells (TICs) refer to a subpopulation named as cancer stem cells (CSCs) of lung cancer exhibiting high self-renewal and proliferation capacity by Notch, Hippo, Hedgehog, and Wnt signaling pathways that leads to tumor development or recurrence. Lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are characterized by distinct genotypic or phenotypic alterations compared to healthy lung stem cells (LSCs) that provide a potential target to treat lung cancer. Therefore, understanding the cascades responsible for the transformation of healthy to CSCs is essential to develop new targeted therapy approaches. In this chapter, we precisely highlight the latest researches on LSCs and CSCs, key signaling mechanisms within the perspective of novel targeted therapy strategies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Impact Behavior of Sandwich Composites With S2-glass/Epoxy and PVC Foam Under Low Velocity Loading
No full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the absorbed energy, resistance to impact load of sandwich composite, and power exercised by impactor, experimentally. Therefore, low velocity impact tests were performed at three different energy levels for two distinct noses on sandwich composite with a PVC core and varying amounts of S2-glass layers. The vacuum-assisted resin infusion method (VARIM) was used to manufacture sandwich composites. S2-glass fabric with an areal density of 190 gm-2 and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) core material with a thickness of 10 mm were utilized. For every face sheet material, three distinct layer numbers of S2-glass fabrics were used. It is seen that composites exposed to flat impactors absorb considerably more energy than hemispherical ones.Science Citation Index Expande
Syntactic Scrambling in Broca’s Aphasia: a Turkish Sample
No full textIntroduction: Broca’s aphasia (BA) is a language disorder that causes grammatical errors in the language production skills of patients. Contemporary studies revealed the fact that patients with BA (PBA) also have difficulty in analyzing the meaning of phrases and sentences and comprehending the real meaning of the discourse produced by the speaker. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible effect of syntactic movement by changing the word positions in the sentence with morphological markers in order to produce clauses without changing the meaning on the phrasal comprehension skills of Turkish-speaking patients with BA. Method: A total of 300 participants were divided as study (n = 150) and control (n = 150) groups between ages of 27–89. A test that included 20 relative clauses and 9 noun clauses (in total 29 phrases) was assigned to the PBA and the control group (CG). Relative clause phrases originated from simple sentences by adding suffixes to the verb as a function of Turkish morphology. Each suffix indicated a specific noun, object, or subject, and each figure in the test was related to one of them. A researcher asked participants to match the demanded clause with the 6 possibly related pictures for relative clause and 3 for noun clauses. Results: Findings indicated that BA patients in our study had a lack of comprehending relative clauses due to the syntactic movement of words in the object and subject positions. Compared to the responses of the CG, PBA had significantly lower scores when the object and subject positions have moved from their original positions. BA patients also obtained significantly lower scores in object type questions. Conclusion: Our findings support the fact that comprehension processing in PBA should be investigated profoundly to be able to understand the nature of the disorder in different languages. In Turkish, syntactic movement of words to form a relative clause caused the BA patients to have significant problems to assign the semantic roles to the words in the existence of movement or change in their original positions. © 2025 S. Karger AG, Basel.Science Citation Index Expanded - Social Science Citation Inde
Does the Relationship Between Sustainable Human Resource Management and Organizational Identification Vary by Culture ? Evidence From 35 Countries Based on Globe Framework
No full textPurpose: The article discusses the relationships between sustainable HRM and organizational identification, conceptualized at the individual level, and the moderating role of cultural dimensions conceptualized at the country level (described in GLOBE’s framework). The study’s theoretical model based on social exchange theory proposes that sustainable HRM practice increases organizational identification. However, the strength of this identification depends on the dimensions of national culture. Thus, we assumed national culture functions as a second-level moderator in the relationship between sustainable HRM and organizational identification. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted the study with data from 10,421 employees across 35 countries. We used a multilevel modeling approach for data analysis. Findings: The study revealed the cross-level interaction effects of national culture on the relationship between sustainable HRM practice and organizational identification. Specifically, the results indicate that sustainable HRM strengthens employees’ organizational identification more in cultures with higher levels of gender egalitarianism and lower levels of humane orientation. Originality/value: This study demonstrates that the relationship between sustainable HRM practices and employees’ organizational identification is culturally sensitive. It highlights the need to consider cultural context when assessing the impact of sustainable HRM practices on employee outcomes. Furthermore, it shows that certain cultural dimensions can enhance the effect of sustainable HRM practices. © 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANIDEmerging Sources Citation Inde
An Investigation of the Effect of Free-Players on Global Cooperative Behavior in a Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma Game Environment
No full textIn this research, we introduced the concept of Free-Player who rejects to play the dictated rational strategy Defect of the original Prisoner’s Dilemma game setup. Then, we investigated whether Free-Players have any impact on the persistent and stable cooperative behavior of the Players in the context of two dimensional spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma game environment. In simulations, two different Player strategy update setups are considered: State-based Majority and Payoff-driven Stochastic. The results for both setups showed that Free-Players have impact on global cooperative behavior of the system. According to the obtained State-based Majority setup results, the increased number of Free-Players has no direct regulative impact on the control of global cooperative behavior of the proposed system. For the Payoff-driven Stochastic strategy update setup, the increased number of Free-Players has an observable regulative impact on the control of global cooperative behavior of the proposed system. However, the net effect of Free-Players on the cooperativeness of the environment was only in the range 0.007 < Net_Coop(α, β) < 0.036 while the attained cooperation ratio results are mostly not sensitive to the initial cooperation ratios. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025
Simulating Hawking Radiation in Quantum Many-Body Systems: Deviations From the Thermal Spectrum
Full text linkWe investigate a recently proposed one-to-one correspondence between quantum field theories in twodimensional curved spacetime and quantum many-body systems, which enables the simulation of Hawking radiation in static background spacetimes. In particular, we demonstrate that deviations from the thermal spectrum, as predicted by the well-known tunneling method, can be observed in many-body simulations.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [122F336, 124F058]E. OE. is grateful for discussions with Run-Qiu Yang on the details of the numerical calculations. E. OE. acknowledges funding from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBIcenter dotTAK) under Project Number 122F336. G. A. is supported by TUBITAK under Project Number 124F058
Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors and Prognosis of Herpes Zoster (Shingles) Infection in Turkiye: Varicomp-Adult Study
No full textObjective: The study aimed to determine the estimated prevalence of herpes zoster (HZ) infection in the adult population in Turkiye and the rates of HZ-associated complications and risk factors. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter ( n = 11), cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2016 and January 2022 and included all patients aged >= 18 years diagnosed with shingles following screening based on ICD-10 codes. The prevalence of HZ infection was calculated; rates of HZ-related complications (recurrence, hospitalization, postherpetic neuralgia [PHN]) and associated risk factors were determined. Results: A total of 6114 HZ patients were included; the estimated 5-year HZ prevalence in Turkiye was 908.7 per 10 0,0 0 0 population. Of the patients, 851 (14.2%) were immunocompromised, 366 (6%) were hospitalized due to HZ, 284 (8.9%) experienced PHN, 97 (3.2%) experienced recurrence of the patients. Risk factors for PHN were older age ( >= 50 years [OR = 3.19; P < 0.001)], and trigeminal dermatome involvement (OR = 2.45; P = 0.006). Antiviral use was associated with reduced PHN risk (OR = 0.16; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our multicenter cross-sectional study revealed the high burden of HZ in Turkiye and high-lighted the potential for increasing prevalence due to risk factors including aging and comorbidities. (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)Funding for this study was provided by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) . GSK had no role in the design of the study, data collection, and interpretation of the results. Their support was limited to covering the costs of data entry at participating centers, statistical analyses conducted by an independent organization, participation in national and international congresses through poster presentations, and the open access publication fee. Although GSK was given the opportunity to review a preliminary version of the manuscript, the authors retain full responsibility for the final content and interpretation
Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii and High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses in FFPE Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions Using Real-Time Pcr
No full textObjective: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women. In recent years, it has been suggested that various pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and human papillomavirus (HPV) may play a potential role in the development of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii and HPV infections in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of breast cancer patients using real-time PCR. Methods: The study included 136 paraffin-embedded biopsy samples with w confirmed malignant breast tumor diagnosis and 50 breast tissue samples diagnosed as benign breast lesions, serving as controls. The presence of T. gondii DNA and high-, medium-, and low-risk HPV genotype DNAs were investigated using the real-time PCR method. First, deparaffinization was performed using xylene and alcohol, followed by DNA extraction and real-time PCR amplification. Results: The most common histopathological types of malignant breast carcinoma were invasive carcinoma (n=82; 60.3%), invasive lobular carcinoma (n=26; 19.1%), invasive ductal carcinoma (n=8; 5.9%), and mixed invasive carcinoma (n=8; 5.9%). According to the Modified Bloom-Richardson classification, 55.15% of malignant breast tumor samples were grade 2, 32.4% were grade 3, and 12.5% were grade 1. Real-time PCR analysis did not detect T. gondii DNA or HPV DNA in any of these samples. Conclusion: Our findings do not support a role of T. gondii and HPV in breast cancer development. To better understand the possible relationship between breast cancer and these pathogens, further studies with larger sample sizes, diverse diagnostic methods, and broder geographical coverage are necessary.Science Citation Index Expande