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Fabrication and Characterization of Biological Biosensors in Sports Injury Treatment: High Sensitivity of Silver Oxide Using Artificial Neural Network Modeling
No full textThis study focuses on the potential of biosensor technology to revolutionize sports injury management. Conventional methods for sports injury management, such as physical examinations and imaging techniques, often lack the sensitivity and real-time monitoring capabilities required to track the healing process effectively. These methods are also invasive, relying on blood sampling, which can be uncomfortable for athletes. In contrast, the proposed wearable biosensor offers a non-invasive, painless alternative by measuring biomarkers like myoglobin and creatine kinase in sweat. This study introduces a novel graphene field-effect transistor biosensor integrated into a wristband, combined with an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict material properties and optimize biomarker detection. The results show the potential of this technology to revolutionize sports injury management by providing real-time, accurate, and non-invasive monitoring of injury progression and recovery. The results indicate that changes in compressive strength and porosity have an impact on dissolution rate, pore size growth, and chemical stability. Lower compressive strength leads to an increase in dissolution rate, while higher compressive strength promotes pore size growth and chemical stability. The accuracy of the ANN model's predictions was evaluated using linear regression and demonstrated acceptable error levels compared to experimental testing. Among the nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds containing silver oxide nanoparticles, a specific sample showed noteworthy characteristics, including a compressive strength of 2.4 Mega Pascal, 55 % porosity, 22 % dissolution rate, 27 % pore size growth, and 65 % chemical stability.Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Anhui Province [2024AH053108]Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Anhui Province (2024AH053108) .Science Citation Index Expande
Review of Solar Pond Performance With PCM and NePCM
No full textEleiwi, Muhammad/0000-0002-1038-7486;The Salt gradient solar pond (SGSP), or only solar pond (SP), is a system that utilizes a renewable solar energy source to store thermal energy in a brine. The use of phase change materials (PCMs) and nano-enhanced PCMs (NePCMs) to improve SGSPs performance has received limited attention in previous review articles. The current review organizes the available research into two primary groups to address this gap: SGSPs with PCMs and SGSPs with NePCMs. It also aims to uncover the challenges and areas where further investigation is needed and suggest future research paths to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of solar thermal energy technologies. The classical PCMs, especially paraffin wax, have high latent heat but low thermal conductivity, which has drawbacks to their effectiveness. The NePCM involves using nanoparticles like copper oxide (CuO) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) to augment the heat transmission and thermal conductivity of PCMs substantially. The outcomes of different studies revealed that integration of SP with PCM enhances the SP's thermal and salinity stability, improves the average exergy and thermal efficiencies, decreases the heat loss from the SP, extends the operation duration, and results in more uniformity and less fluctuation in temperature compared to the SP without the PCM system. Using a PCM of a high melting temperature enhances SP stability and smoother SP peak temperatures. Meanwhile, lower melting PCM results in a more stable temperature during heat extraction. In addition, dispersion nanostructures with the PCM augment the thermal features, extend the operation period of the SP, and increase the stored energy within the SP and the thermal efficiency (up to 87.58 %). In addition, adding nanoparticles increased the average maximum temperature by 3.5 %-37.7 % depending on the nanoparticles' loading and type, PCM kind, and other geometrical parameters and weather conditions. In addition, attention should be paid to balancing the thermal enhancement effect and the adverse effect of increasing nanoparticles' viscosity and agglomeration possibility, especially at a relatively large concentration. Moreover, the affecting controlled parameters, the challenges faced by utilizing PCM and NePCM in SP applications, and suggestions for future studies are also discussed.Science Citation Index Expande
Effect of Atomic Ratio of Ions on the Particle Diffusion and Permeability of Carbon Nanotubes in Reverse Electrodialysis Process Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
No full textThis study employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate water transport through a carbon nanotube under an electric current, focusing on how varying ion atomic ratios influence key system parameters. These parameters include electric current intensity, fluid current intensity, maximum density, hydrogen bond count, and interaction energy as ion concentration changed. The research aimed to examine the effects of these changes on ion mobility, water permeability, and ion–carbon nanotube interactions. The study is conducted in two phases: equilibration, followed by the analysis of atomic transformations and the creation of various atomic ratios in samples. In the first phase, the kinetic energy of the atomic sample converges to 0.162 eV, and the potential energy reaches to 2.048 eV after 10 ns, indicating limited structural mobility and attractive forces among atoms. After equilibration, we achieved the atomic transformation process and created different atomic ratios. The results indicate that increasing ion ratios in the fluid led to a rise in electric current intensity, from 5.31 to 5.52 e/ns. Higher ion concentrations resulted in a greater density of charge carriers, enhancing ionic mobility and ion transport through the carbon nanotube. Moreover, higher ionic concentrations not only reduced the maximum density from 4.83 to 4.65 atoms/nm³ but also increases the number of broken hydrogen bonds, which could impact water transport and flow dynamics. Finally, according to the findings, there are 133 broken hydrogen bonds instead of 116, and the strength of the nanofluid flow, as well as the electric current, both increased when the ionic percentage of atoms rose to 5 %. © 2024 The Author
Evaluation of the Performance of Large Language Models in Clinical Decision-Making in Endodontics
No full textBackground Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are excellent at generating language. The growing use of generative AI large language models (LLMs) in healthcare and dentistry, including endodontics, raises questions about their accuracy. The potential of LLMs to assist clinicians' decision-making processes in endodontics is worth evaluating. This study aims to comparatively evaluate the answers provided by Google Bard, ChatGPT-3.5, and ChatGPT-4 to clinically relevant questions from the field of Endodontics. Methods 40 open-ended questions covering different areas of endodontics were prepared and were introduced to Google Bard, ChatGPT-3.5, and ChatGPT-4. Validity of the questions was evaluated using the Lawshe Content Validity Index. Two experienced endodontists, blinded to the chatbots, evaluated the answers using a 3-point Likert scale. All responses deemed to contain factually wrong information were noted and a misinformation rate for each LLM was calculated (number of answers containing wrong information/total number of questions). The One-way analysis of variance and Post Hoc Tukey test were used to analyze the data and significance was considered to be p < 0.05. Results ChatGPT-4 demonstrated the highest score and the lowest misinformation rate (P = 0.008) followed by ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Bard respectively. The difference between ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard was statistically significant (P = 0.004). Conclusion ChatGPT-4 provided more accurate and informative information in endodontics. However, all LLMs produced varying levels of incomplete or incorrect answers.Science Citation Index Expande
Maliyet Muhasebesinin ERP Sistemlerine Entegrasyonu, Yönetim Kararlarına ve Bütçe Oluşumuna Etkisi ve Örnek Uygulama
No full textGünümüz dünyasında yurtiçi yurtdışı pazar fark etmeksizin rekabetin yoğun ve acımasız olduğu bir gerçektir. Bununla birlikte; dünya tarihinin en başından beri işletmelerin temel amaçlarından olan kar elde etmek, pazarda rekabet edebilmek ve sürdürebilirliğini korumak için ihtiyaç duydukları verilere hızlı ve güvenilir olarak ulaşabilmesi, işletme için hayati önem taşıyabilmektedir. Maliyet muhasebesi; birim maliyetlerinin hesaplanması, stok değerlerinin belirlenmesi, her türlü planlamaların yapılması ve maliyet kontrollerinin gerçekleştirilmesi aşamalarının tamamını içinde barındıran bir sistemdir. Bu sebeptendir ki yöneticilere yol göstermesi ve alınacak her türlü kararlarda rehber olması açısından her geçen gün daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Günümüz teknolojisinde ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) sistemlerinin kullanımının artması ve verilere hızlı erişimin mümkün olması ile rekabet açısından karar vericiler daha hızlı hareket edebilmektedir. Tam olarak bu aşamada ERP sistemlerine yapılan maliyet modeli entegrasyonunun güvenilirliği ve kontrolü önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir firmada benimsenen maliyet modeli incelenmiş, örnek alınan bir ürünün maliyet modeli baştan sona konu edilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, işletmelerin stratejik karar alma süreçlerinde maliyet muhasebesi sistemlerinin ve kullanılan maliyet modelinin etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Bu kapsamda, maliyet muhasebesinin bütçe oluşumu, nakit yönetimi, finansal planlama ve operasyonel kararlar üzerindeki etkisi detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışma ayrıca, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) sistemlerine entegre edilen maliyet modellerinin doğru, güvenilir ve güncel veriler sağlayarak yöneticilerin hızlı ve etkin kararlar almasına nasıl katkı sağladığını ele almaktadır. Bununla birlikte, maliyet modelinin başarısının yalnızca entegrasyonun teknik yönleriyle sınırlı olmadığı, aynı zamanda yapılan kayıtların doğruluğu, düzenli kontrol mekanizmaları ve sistematik güncellemelerle doğrudan ilişkili olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Çalışmada, İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir işletmede uygulanan maliyet modeli üzerinden pratik bir inceleme yapılmış, örnek bir ürünün maliyetlendirme süreci üzerinden maliyet muhasebesinin işlevselliği ve ERP sistemleri ile uyumunun işletme kararlarına etkisi detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Maliyet muhasebesi sisteminin ERP ile entegrasyonu, işletmelerin mali hedeflerine ulaşması, rekabet avantajı elde etmesi ve sürdürülebilir bir yapı oluşturması açısından hayati bir önem taşımakta olduğu, ancak bu entegrasyonun başarısı, sistemin doğru bir şekilde kurgulanması, düzenli kontrol ve güncellemelerin yapılması ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.In today's world, it is a fact that competition is intense and ruthless regardless of the domestic and foreign markets. However, it can be vital for the business to be able to access the data they need quickly and reliably in order to make a profit, compete in the market and maintain its sustainability, which has been one of the main objectives of businesses since the beginning of the world history. Cost accounting is a system that includes all stages of calculating unit costs, determining inventory values, making all kinds of planning and realizing cost controls. For this reason, it is becoming more and more important every day in terms of guiding managers and being a guide in all kinds of decisions to be taken. With the increasing use of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems in today's technology and the possibility of fast access to data, decision makers can act faster in terms of competition. At this stage, the reliability and control of the cost model integration into ERP systems gains importance. In this study, the cost model adopted in a company operating in the province of Istanbul was examined, and the cost model of a product taken as an example was discussed from beginning to end. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cost accounting systems and the cost models used in the strategic decision-making processes of businesses. In this context, the impact of cost accounting on budget formation, cash management, financial planning, and operational decisions has been examined in detail. The study also addresses how cost models integrated into ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems contribute to managers' ability to make quick and effective decisions by providing accurate, reliable, and up-to-date data. Moreover, it has been emphasized that the success of the cost model is not only limited to the technical aspects of integration but is also directly related to the accuracy of records, regular control mechanisms, and systematic updates. In the study, a practical analysis of the cost model applied in a business operating in Istanbul has been conducted, focusing on the cost calculation process of a sample product. Through this analysis, the functionality of cost accounting and its alignment with ERP systems, as well as their impact on business decisions, have been examined in detail. It has been concluded that the integration of the cost accounting system with ERP is of vital importance for businesses to achieve their financial goals, gain competitive advantages, and establish a sustainable structure. However, the success of this integration is directly dependent on the proper design of the system, regular controls, and timely updates
Analysis of Different Phase Change Materials (Pcms) and Wall Material in a Nano-Circular Space Thermal Energy Storage (Tes) System: a Molecular Dynamics Approach
No full textThermal energy storage (TES) play a vital role in overcoming the fluctuating nature of solar thermal energy. To study and understand the performance of these systems, using new techniques such as computer simulations can be useful. In this article, a specific circular nanochannel containing a phase change material (PCM) is introduced and its thermal and mass performance are investigated. By using two types of PCM and three wall metals (platinum, copper, and aluminum) the effects of changing several geometric and thermodynamic parameters are evaluated. In general, two different plans are proposed and parameters such as thermal conductivity, heat flux, charging, and discharging time are defined and evaluated. The obtained results show that the use of paraffin reduces the phase change time from 1.36 ns to 1.21 ns. Geometrical investigations also show that increasing the diameter ratio leads to a decrease in heat flux. Increasing the velocity of argon atoms in the inner tube also leads to an increase in the mobility of atoms and as a result improves the heat transfer rate. Using copper, the thermal conductivity is 54.3 % and 13.5 % higher than platinum and aluminum. The maximum heat flux for the two proposed cases is about 1500 and 1285 W/m2, respectively. Increasing the velocity of argon atoms from 0.01 & Aring;/ fs to 0.05 & Aring;/fs leads to a decrease in the phase change time from 1.12 ns to 1.15 ns. Regarding the type of PCM, paraffin performs better than the combination of water-hydrocarbon.University Higher Education Fund; Program for Central labs at King Khalid University [CL/PRI/A/8]The authors extend their appreciation to University Higher Education Fund for funding this research work under Research Support Program for Central labs at King Khalid University through the project number CL/PRI/A/8.Science Citation Index Expande
The Nexus Among CO2, Renewable Energy, Agricultural Production and Financial Development: Empirical Evidence From China and India
No full textThis study examines the relationship between CO2, Renewable Energy, Agricultural Production and Financial Development for the 30-year period of 1993-2022 in China and India. The data for our variables, CO2 and Renewable Energy, were obtained from the official website of the World Bank, the Agriculture data from the official website of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the Financial Development data from the official website of the International Monetary Fund. Our article was evaluated by empirical analyzes examining long-term and short-term relationships, as well as Multiple Regression Analysis, ADF and PP unit root tests, Johansen Cointegration test, VAR Analysis, Impulse Response analysis, Variance Decomposition analysis, FMOLS, DOLS and CCR analyzes. According to the analysis results, the model has a strong explanatory power of 99.48% in China and 99.54% in India. In addition, it was determined that agricultural activities increase CO2 emissions, while the use of renewable energy reduces emissions. It was observed that the effect of financial development on CO2 emissions was not statistically significant, but it could have indirect effects. Analyses conducted specifically for China and India revealed the strong effect of the agricultural sector on carbon emissions and emphasized that sustainable agricultural practices and green financing projects should be encouraged. In line with these results, supporting financial development with environmentally friendly policies, prioritizing green financing projects, and implementing incentives that will increase renewable energy use will contribute to controlling CO2 emissions in the long term. © 2025, Econjournals. All rights reserved
Test of Lepton Flavor Universality in Semileptonic (Formula Presented) Meson Decays in Proton-Proton Collisions at (Formula Presented)
No full textA measurement of the ratio of branching fractions (Formula presented) in the (Formula presented), (Formula presented) decay channel is presented. This measurement uses a sample of proton-proton collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of (Formula presented) by the CMS experiment in 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). The measured ratio, (Formula presented), agrees with the value of (Formula presented) predicted by the standard model, which assumes lepton flavor universality. By testing lepton flavor universality, this measurement is a probe of new physics using (Formula presented) mesons, which are currently only produced at the LHC. © 2025 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration
Potential Health Benefits of Berry Bioactives, Their Use as Nutraceuticals, and Regulatory Issues
No full textAs living standards have gradually improved, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of a healthy diet. This has led many people to shift their eating habits from simply seeking fullness to prioritizing nutritious diets. Recently, dietary guidelines in many countries have recommended increasing daily fruit and vegetable intake, with a particular emphasis on nutrient-rich berries. Berries are rich in nutrients and phytochemicals, which have been shown to enhance health and prevent various chronic diseases in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The primary phytochemicals in berries include phenolic compounds such as flavonoids (including anthocyanins, flavanols, and flavonols), tannins, and phenolic acids. In this chapter, we presented the potential health benefits of these berry phenolics, including their antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antiinflammatory properties. Moreover, we discussed the use of berry bioactives as nutraceuticals and the regulatory issues related to their use. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Optimization of the Flow Guiding Fins Configuration and Tube Arrangements in a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger: Coupling Response Surface Methodology and Cfd
No full textIn the present study, the flow and heat transfer characteristics around a bundle of cam-shaped tubes have been numerically investigated using the finite volume method (FVM) in laminar and turbulent flows at different Reynolds numbers (Re). To increase heat transfer, flow guide fins have been used in the vicinity of each tube. The design variables include the vertical and horizontal spacing of the tubes, the major and minor diameters of the cam-shaped tube, the distance between the tube and the guide fin, and the angle covered by the guide fin. In both laminar and turbulent flow regimes, the objective functions include the maximum heat transfer and the minimum pressure drop. To optimize the tube layout and the arrangement of the guide fins, the methods of experiment design, the response surface methodology, and the genetic algorithm have been used. The results of this study show that the horizontal spacing between the tube bundles has no significant effect on heat transfer and the objective functions are most sensitive to Re and the angle of the guide fins. Based on the results, the conducting fins in the turbulent flow regime have performed better in increasing heat transfer. In this case, they have improved heat transfer by 20 %, although they have also caused a significant increase in pressure drop. The simulation results of the two-phase flow of water-MWCNT nanofluid in the optimal arrangement of conducting fins show that the heat transfer is improved and the coefficient of performance is greater than 1.Science Citation Index Expande