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Depresyona Eğilimli Yetişkinlerin Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları, Nesne İlişkileri ve Aleksitimi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
No full textBu çalışmada, 18-55 yaş arasındaki yetişkin bireylerin depresyona eğilim derecesine göre çocukluk çağı travmaları, nesne ilişkileri ve aleksitimi arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın alt boyutları olarak, depresyon düzeyi ve sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre çocukluk çağı travmalarının yanı sıra nesne ilişkileri ve aleksitimi arasında bulunan ilişkinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı da incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını 226 kadın ve 162 erkek olmak üzere 388 kişi oluşturmuştur. Mevcut araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacının hazırladığı Sosyodemografik Bilgi formunun yanında, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (CTQ-33), Bell Nesne İlişkileri ve Gerçeği Değerlendirme Ölçeği (BORRTI), Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAÖ-20) uygulanmıştır. Ölçekler, katılımcılara çevrimiçi formatta verilmiş olup uygun örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmanın modelini, ilişkisel tarama, kesitsel araştırma, açıklayıcı araştırma ve nicel araştırma oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 26 paket yazılımı uygulanmış olup, araştırma değişkenleri ve kişisel değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için normallik testi neticesinde; parametrik ölçüm boyutu için Bağımsız Örneklem t testi ile Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi; depresif eğilimli yetişkinlerin çocukluk çağı travmalarının yanı sıra nesne ilişkileri ve aleksitimi puanlarının arasında bulunan ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla Pearson Korelasyonu; korelasyon saptanan değişkenler arasında aleksitimi, çocukluk çağı travmaları ve nesne ilişkileri tarafından yordayıcılığının incelenmesi için hiyerarşik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde anlamlılık derecesi 0.05, 0.01 ve 0.001 altındaki değerler olarak alınmıştır. Ortaya çıkan bulgular tablo şeklinde özetlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre BDE toplam puanı ile diğer değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde, depresyon düzeyinin pek çok psikolojik ve travma temelli değişkenle anlamlı bir şekilde ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. BDE ile TAÖ toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. BDE ile CTQ-33 toplam puanı arasında da pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. BORRTI toplam puanı ile BDE arasındaki güçlü pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. TAÖ ile CTQ-33 toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde bir ilişki saptanmıştır. TAÖ ile BORRTI toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. BORRTI ile CTQ-33 toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Mevcut çalışmanın sonuçları ele alındığında değişkenlerin birbirleriyle olan anlamlı ilişkileri araştırma hipotezlerimizi doğrulamakla beraber literatürde yer alan eksikliği de göstermektedir. Literatürün genişletilmesi adına önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çocuğun yaşadığı travmatik olaylar veya kendilerini ifade edebilmeleri için, ailelere ve çocuklara yönelik yapılacak eğitim ve bilgilendirme çalışmaları karşılaşılacak olayları en aza indirgeyecektir.In this study, the relationship between childhood traumas, object relations and alexithymia were examined according to the level of depression tendency in adult individuals aged 18-55. As sub-dimensions of this study, it was also examined whether the relationship between childhood traumas, object relations and alexithymia differed according to depression level and sociodemographic variables. The participants of the study consisted of 388 people, 226 females and 162 males. In this study, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), Bell Object Relations and Reality Evaluation Scale (BORRTI), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were used as data collection tools, in addition to the Sociodemographic Information form prepared by the researcher. The scales were given to the participants in online format and the convenience sampling method was used. The model of the research was formed by relational screening, cross-sectional research, descriptive research and quantitative research. In the analysis of the data, SPSS 26 package program was applied and as a result of the normality test to examine the relationship between research variables and sociodemographic variables; Independent Sample t test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for parametric measurement dimension; Pearson Correlation was used to examine the relationship between childhood traumas of adults with depressive tendencies as well as object relations and alexithymia scores; hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the predictive value of alexithymia by childhood traumas and object relations among variables with correlation. In the analysis, the level of significance was taken as values below 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001. The findings are summarized in table form. According to the findings of the study, when the relationships between the BDI total score and other variables are examined, it is seen that the depression level is significantly related to many psychological and trauma-based variables. A moderate positive correlation was found between the BDI and TAS total scores. A positive significant correlation was also found between BDI and CTQ-33 total score. A strong positive correlation was found between the BORRTI total score and the BDI. A weak positive correlation was found between TAS and CTQ-33 total score. Additionally, a significant positive relationship was identified between the TAS and BORRTI total score, as well as between BORRTI and CTQ-33 total score. Considering the results of the study, the significant relationships between the variables confirm our research hypotheses and also reveal the deficiency in the literature. Suggestions have been made to expand the literature in the further. Education and information activities to be carried out for families and children will minimize the traumatic events experienced by the child or the events that will be encountered so that they can express themselves
Coupling Effects of Strain Gradient and Surface Energy on Dynamic Instability of Small-Scale Timoshenko Beams Traversed by Sequential Moving Nanoparticles
No full textThis study aims to explore the dynamic instability of micro and nano-sized Timoshenko beams as they are traversed by sequentially moving nanoparticles. The beams, characterized by a rectangular cross-section and homogeneity, are situated within a Pasternak foundation, which provides a supportive elastic medium. The research investigation determines nanoparticle inertia effects at velocity while establishing motion equations through Hamilton's principle. The model unites nonlinear von Kàrmàn strain-displacement kinematics with strain gradient theory and Gurtin-Murdoch small-scale accounting. The system's behavior gets analyzed through the implementation of Galerkin method which derives time-periodic motion equations. The incremental harmonic balance approach develops stability boundary maps that separate stable and unstable regions through which analysts can examine parameter spaces containing moving particle mass and velocity values. This study evaluates how different parameters like beam diameters together with small-scale characteristics and elastic medium constants and residual stress and axial compressive forces affect the stability diagram. The analysis demonstrates that stability parameters become substantially modified when researchers include length scale characteristics along with surface effects. The outcome reveals that axial compressive forces reduce stability yet environmental effects strengthen the stability of small-scale beams which leads to transition curve movements towards faster moving particles velocities. This study contributes fundamental knowledge about dynamic instability effects in small-scale beams which will help future advances in nanotechnology and materials science. © 2025 The Author
Pseudorapidity Distributions of Charged Hadrons in Lead-Lead Collisions at √snn=5.36 Tev
No full textMelo Da Costa, Eliza/0000-0002-5016-6434; Redondo, Ignacio/0000-0003-3737-4121; Walsh, Roberval/0000-0002-3872-4114; Fernandez Menendez, Javier/0000-0002-5213-3708; Pieri, Marco/0000-0003-3303-6301; Waltenberger, Wolfgang/0000-0002-6215-7228; Titov, Maxim/0000-0002-1119-6614; Dasu, Sridhara/0000-0001-5993-9045; Benitez, J.F./0000-0002-2633-6712; Kogler, Roman/0000-0002-5336-4399; Sharma, Varun/0000-0003-1287-1471; Sanchez-Hernandez, Alberto/0000-0001-9548-0358; Wang, Dayong/0000-0002-9013-1199; Levchuk, Leonid/0000-0001-5889-7410; Janssen, Tahys/0000-0002-3998-4081; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Costa, Salvatore/0000-0001-9919-0569; Lethuillier, Morgan/0000-0001-6185-2045; Marzocchi, Badder/0000-0001-6687-6214; Rebello Teles, Patricia/0000-0001-9029-8506; Schroder, Matthias/0000-0001-8058-9828; Malgeri, Luca/0000-0002-0113-7389; Collard, Caroline/0000-0002-5230-8387; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Chahal, Gurpreet Singh/0000-0003-0320-4407; Verdini, Piero Giorgio/0000-0002-0042-9507; Smith, Wesley/0000-0003-3195-0909; Kasemann, Matthias/0000-0002-0429-2448; Hinzmann, Andreas/0000-0002-2633-4696; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Naimuddin, Md/0000-0003-4542-386X; Gerosa, Raffaele/0000-0001-8359-3734; Kole, Gouranga/0000-0002-3285-1497; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Tao, Junquan/0000-0003-2006-3490; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Reis, Thomas/0000-0003-3703-6624; Ecklund, Karl/0000-0002-6976-4637; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Petrucciani, Giovanni/0000-0003-0889-4726; Martinez Ruiz Del Arbol, Pablo/0000-0002-7737-5121; Alcaraz Maestre, Juan/0000-0003-0914-7474; Steggemann, Jan/0000-0003-4420-5510; Parida, Bibhuti/0000-0001-9367-8061; Androsov, Konstantin/0000-0003-2694-6542; /0000-0002-1153-816X; Lipton, Ronald/0000-0002-6665-7289; Azzurri, Paolo/0000-0002-1717-5654; Mitselmakher, Guenakh/0000-0001-5745-3658; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Colaleo, Anna/0000-0002-0711-6319; Fouz Iglesias, Maria Cruz/0000-0003-2950-976X; Jabeen, Shabnam/0000-0002-0155-7383; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Kyberd, Paul/0000-0002-7353-7090; Taylor, Lucas/0000-0002-6584-2538; Pastrone, Nadia/0000-0001-7291-1979; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Delgado Peris, Antonio/0000-0002-8511-7958; Vischia, Pietro/0000-0002-7088-8557; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Meola, Sabino/0000-0002-8233-7277; Everaerts, Pieter/0000-0003-3848-324X; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Rizzi, Andrea/0000-0002-4543-2718; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Gomez-Ceballos, Guillelmo/0000-0003-1683-9460; Haller, Johannes/0000-0001-9347-7657; Puerta Pelayo, Jesus/0000-0001-7390-1457; Cepeda, Maria/0000-0002-6076-4083; Fernandez Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Alverson, George/0000-0001-6651-1178; Verdier, Patrice/0000-0003-3090-2948; Wardle, Nicholas/0000-0003-1344-3356; Rabbertz, Klaus/0000-0001-7040-9846; Abbiendi, Giovanni/0000-0003-4499-7562; Chatterjee, Suman/0000-0003-2660-0349; Hahn, Kristian/0000-0001-7892-1676; Malik, Sudhir/0000-0002-6356-2655; Lucchini, Marco Toliman/0000-0002-7497-7450; Herndon, Matthew/0000-0003-3043-1090; Escalante Del Valle, Alberto/0000-0002-9702-6359; Gonzalez Lopez, Oscar/0000-0002-4532-6464; Geurts, Frank/0000-0003-2856-9090; Rappoccio, Salvatore/0000-0002-5449-2560; Singh, Jasbir/0000-0001-9029-2462; Goy Lopez, Silvia/0000-0001-6508-5090; Blekman, Freya/0000-0002-7366-7098; Dragicevic, Marko/0000-0003-1967-6783; Raidal, Martti/0000-0001-7040-9491; Dutta, Valentina/0000-0001-5958-829X; Duarte, Javier Mauricio/0000-0002-5076-7096; Manzoni, Riccardo Andrea/0000-0002-7584-5038; Wallny, Rainer/0000-0001-8038-1613; Bloom, Kenneth/0000-0002-4272-8900; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Saka, Halil/0000-0001-7616-2573; Yagil, Avi/0000-0002-6108-4004; Spagnolo, Paolo/0000-0001-7962-5203; Missiroli, Marino/0000-0002-1780-1344; Rinkevicius, Aurelijus/0000-0002-7510-255X; Li, Qiang/0000-0002-8290-0517; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Josa Mutuberria, Isabel/0000-0002-4985-6964; Botta, Cristina/0000-0002-8072-795X; Feld, Lutz/0000-0001-9813-8646; Kreczko, Luke/0000-0003-2341-8330; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Padula, Sandra S./0000-0003-3071-0559; De Guio, Federico/0000-0001-5927-8865; Navarrete Ramos, Efren/0000-0002-5180-4020; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/0000-0001-5790-9563; Soha, Aron/0000-0002-5968-1192; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014; Fernandez Perez Tomei, Thiago Rafael/0000-0002-1809-5226; Robert, Schoefbeck/0000-0002-2332-8784; Bortignon, Pierluigi/0000-0002-5360-1454; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Evdokimov, Olga/0000-0002-1250-8931; Golf, Frank/0000-0003-3567-9351; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Clement, Emyr/0000-0003-3412-4004; Delaere, Christophe/0000-0001-8707-6021; Tytgat, Michael/0000-0002-3990-2074; Brooke, James/0000-0003-2529-0684; Jafari, Abideh/0000-0001-7327-1870; Noll, Dennis Daniel Nick/0000-0002-0176-2360; Galli Mercadante, Pedro/0000-0001-8333-4302; Alves, Gilvan/0000-0002-8369-1446; Bethani, Agni/0000-0002-8150-7043; Hussain, Priya Sajid/0000-0002-4825-5278; Brigljevic, Vuko/0000-0001-5847-0062; Hamel De Monchenault, Gautier/0000-0002-3872-3592; Tonelli, Guido Emilio/0000-0003-2606-9156; Tiwari, Praveen Chandra/0000-0002-3667-3843; Gonzalez Caballero, Isidro/0000-0002-8087-3199; Ventura, Sandro/0000-0002-8938-2193; Kim, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Kolberg, Ted/0000-0002-0211-6109; Beaudette, Florian/0000-0002-1194-8556; Litov, Leandar/0000-0002-8511-6883The pseudorapidity (eta) distributions of charged hadrons are measured using data collected at the highest ever nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of root s(NN) = 5.36 TeV for collisions of lead-lead ions. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2022 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 0.30 +/- 0.03 mu b(-1). Using the CMS silicon pixel detector, the yields of primary charged hadrons produced in the range |eta| < 2.6 are reported. The evolution of the midrapidity particle density as a function of collision centrality is also reported. In the 5% most central collisions, the charged-hadron eta density in the range |eta| < 0.5 is found to be 2032 +/- 91 (syst), with negligible statistical uncertainty. This result is consistent with an extrapolation from nucleus-nucleus collision data at lower center-of-mass energies. Comparisons are made to various Monte Carlo event generators and to previous measurements of lead-lead and xenon-xenon collisions at similar collision energies. These new data detail the dependence of particle production on the collision energy, initial collision geometry, and the size of the colliding nuclei.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; NASU (Ukraine); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS [30820817]; Beijing Municpal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 390833306, 400140256 - GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKT64]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC - National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; ERDF "a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS'' - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe'' - 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC - National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR - Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe'', and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientfica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Science Citation Index Expande
Prediction and Optimization of the Temperature Distribution in Different Food Products for Choosing a Suitable Geometry in a Microwave System
No full textSawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh/0000-0001-7067-5239This study investigated temperature distribution in different food products, microwave oven geometry, and combination heating of MW with direct heat transfer. This research has been done by the finite element numerical method was used to discretize the equations using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. A comparison of 2D and 3D MW simulations showed that 2D modeling of cooking with MW gives completely unacceptable results. In MW cooking, dielectric material temperature is not affected by convection heat transfer around the dielectric material. To prevent cold spots in any part of the food during transportation, it is important to have a homogeneous temperature distribution in the MW. Different inlet surface areas of electromagnetic waves were compared and the maximum average temperature was obtained when the opening width of MW wave entrance was equal to the dielectric medium. If the entrance area of the waves was larger than the dielectric size then the temperature distribution becomes less homogenous. The height of wave entrance of the MW was also considered and when the opening height from the bottom of the MW was equal to the wavelength, then the maximum temperature is obtained.Science Citation Index Expande
Ebeveyn Zihinselleştirmesi ve Ebeveynlik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkide Ebeveynlerin Çocukluk Çağı Travmalarının Etkisinin İncelenmesi
No full textBu çalışmada, ebeveynin zihinselleştirme becerisi ve sergilenen ebeveynlik tutumu arasındaki ilişkide çocukluk çağı travmalarının etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Veriler online ortamdan toplanmış ve kolayda örneklem yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Ebeveyn İçsel Düşünce İşlevselliği Ölçeği, Ebeveyn Tutum Ölçeği ve Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği sunulmuştur. Araştırmaya 2-6 yaş aralığında çocuğu 25-54 yaş arası 434 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırmada değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek adına ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Pearson Korelasyon Analizi, ebeveyn zihinselleştirmesi ve çocukluk çağı travmalarının ebeveynlik tutumlarını yordama gücüne ilişkin hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır Yapılan analizler sonucunda zihinsel durumlar hakkında keskinlik ve çocuğun zihinsel durumlarına ilgi ve merak boyutlarıyla demokratik ebeveynlik tutumu arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanırken aynı boyutlarla otoriter ebeveynlik tutumu arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Çocukluk çağı travmaları ve ebeveynlik tutumları arasındaki ilişki ele alındığında çocukluk çağı travmalarının özellikle otoriter anne baba tutumları ile anlamlı ilişkiler gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak özellikle otoriter ebeveynlik tutumlarının, çocukluk çağı travmalarından daha fazla etkilendiği, demokratik ve koruyucu tutumları üzerinde ise pek etkisi olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar literatürde yapılan önceki çalışmalarla karşılaştırılarak tartışılarak, gelecekteki çalışmalar için önerilerde bunulmuştur.In this study the aim was to examine the effect of childhood traumas on the relationship between parental mentalization skills and parenting style. Data were collected online, and convenience sampling method was used. Participants were presented with a sociodemographic information form, Turkish Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, Turkish Parental Attitude Scale and Turkish Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Study was conducted with a total of 434 people between the ages of 25-54 with children between the ages of 2-6. Relational screening method was used to examine the relationship between variables in the study. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to examine the relationship between variables, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the predictive power of parental mentalization and childhood traumas on parenting attitudes. Results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of sharpness about mental states and interest and curiosity in the child's mental states, and democratic parenting attitude, while there was a negative and significant relationship between the same dimensions and authoritarian parenting attitude. When the relationship between childhood traumas and parenting attitudes was examined, it was found that childhood traumas showed significant relationships especially with authoritarian parenting attitudes It has been seen that authoritarian parenting attitudes are more affected by childhood traumas, while democratic and protective attitudes are not significantly impacted. The results were compared with previous studies in the literature and discussed accordingly, and recommendations were made for future research
Okul Öncesinde Veli Öğretmen Görüşme Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi
No full textBu araştırmanın temel amacı okul öncesi veli ve öğretmenlerin veli-öğretmen görüşmelerine ilişkin deneyimlerini incelemektir. Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları İstanbul'un Kadıköy ilçesindeki MEB'e 8 devlet anasınıfı, 3 devlet bağımsız anaokulu, 6 özel anaokulu ve 3 özel anasınıfı olmak üzere toplam 20 farklı okul öncesi eğitim kurumunda görevli 20 okul öncesi öğretmeninden ve 5 bağımsız devlet anaokulu, 7 devlet anasınıfı, 1 özel bağımsız anaokulu ve 3 özel anasınıfı olmak üzere 16 farklı okul öncesi eğitim kurumu velisi olan toplam 20 veliden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma katılımcıları ölçüt örnekleme yöntemine göre maksimum çeşitlilik gözetilerek belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında araştırmacı tarafından öğretmen ve veliler için ayrı ayrı olmak üzere geliştirilen 7 açık uçlu soru ve bu sorularla ilişkili alt sorulardan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, betimsel ve içerik analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda sıklık, zaman planlaması, hazırlık, görüşme şekli, yüz yüze görüşülmek istenen konu, ortalama görüşme süresi, ortalama görüşme süresinin bağlı olduğu durum, velinin gündemi, öğretmenin gündemi, verimlilik, iş birliği, yazılı doküman, görüşme talep etmesi, görüşme talep etmemesi, gergin görüşme, rahat görüşme ve zor görüşme gibi 17 kategori ve her bir kategorinin altında yer almak üzere 100 farklı kod ve alt kodlar çıkartılarak yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre veli öğretmen görüşmeleri öncesinde öğretmenlerin toplantılara hazırlıklı geldiği diğer yandan velilerin herhangi bir hazırlık yapmadığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Veli öğretmen görüşmelerinin şekli konusunda hem veliler hem de öğretmenler planlı görüşmelerin çoğunlukla yüz yüze yapıldığını belirtirken özel okullarda çevrimiçi planlı görüşmelerin devlet okullarına göre daha fazla yapıldığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer yandan veliler tarafından akran zorbalığı diğer gündemlere göre daha sıklıkla gündem edilirken öğretmenler velilerden farklı olarak çocuğun gelişimini daha sıklıkla gündem maddesi yapmaktadır. Veli-öğretmen görüşmelerinde görüşmenin planlı olup olmadığından ya da nasıl yapıldığından ziyade içeriğinin görüşmelerdeki duygu ve düşünceleri belirlediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada okul öncesi veli ve öğretmenlerin iş birliğine açık olduğu, diğer yandan, dokümana dayalı, sistematik, planlı, ön hazırlıklı veli öğretmen görüşmelerinin daha az sıklıkla yapıldığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.The primary aim of this study is to examine the experiences of parents and teachers regarding parent-teacher interactions in preschool education. This study was designed using the phenomenological approach, one of the qualitative research methods. The participants consist of 20 preschool teachers working in 20 different preschool institutions in the Kadıköy district of Istanbul, including 8 public kindergarten classes under the Ministry of National Education (MEB), 3 independent public preschools, 6 private preschools, and 3 private kindergarten classes. Additionally, the study includes 20 parents from 16 different preschool institutions, comprising 5 independent public preschools, 7 public kindergarten classes, 1 private independent preschool, and 3 private kindergarten classes. Participants were selected using the criterion sampling method while ensuring maximum diversity. Data were collected through semi-structured interview forms developed by the researcher, consisting of seven open-ended questions and related sub-questions designed separately for teachers and parents. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and content analysis methods. As a result of the analyses, 17 categories were identified, including frequency, time planning, preparation, interaction format, topics preferred for face-to-face discussions, average duration, factors influencing interaction duration, parent agenda, teacher agenda, efficiency, collaboration, written documentation, requesting an interaction, not requesting an interaction, tense interactions, comfortable interactions, and challenging interactions. Within these categories, 100 different codes and subcodes were extracted and interpreted. The findings indicate that teachers tend to come prepared for interactions, whereas parents generally do not engage in any preparatory activities. Both parents and teachers stated that scheduled interactions are predominantly conducted face-to-face, while it was found that private schools hold online scheduled interactions more frequently than public schools. Additionally, parents were found to prioritize peer bullying as a discussion topic more frequently than other issues, whereas teachers primarily focus on children's development. The findings further suggest that, rather than the format or scheduling of parent-teacher interactions, the content of these interactions plays a more significant role in shaping the emotions and thoughts expressed during discussions. The study also reveals that while preschool parents and teachers are open to collaboration, systematic, document-based, structured, and pre-planned interactions are conducted less frequently
Exploring the Potential of Solar and Wind-Powered Green Hydrogen: Production, Costs and Environmental Impacts in South Asia
No full textChowdhury, Prangon/0009-0004-1394-2993; Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah/0000-0002-6947-4349The global shift towards sustainability has increased interest in green hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels. While hydrogen feasibility studies exist for individual countries, there is a lack of comprehensive assessments for South Asia. This study evaluates green hydrogen production in South Asia, focusing on electricity generation from photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine systems across eight countries. We analyze the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH), hydrogen production density, and carbon dioxide (CO2) mitigation potential using climate data and techno-economic model. The findings reveal significant variation in energy potential, with Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan showing strong wind resources, and Afghanistan, Maldives, and Sri Lanka demonstrating high solar potential. LCOH analysis shows wind-based hydrogen is more cost-effective than PV-based systems, particularly in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. CO2 mitigation estimates highlight the greater environmental benefits of wind-based hydrogen in regions with high wind speeds. Sensitivity analysis reveals that degradation and discount rates notably impact LCOH, with Bangladesh and Bhutan seeing the highest cost increases. Increasing electrolyzer efficiency consistently reduces LCOH. Additionally, the impact of variations in capital costs, operation and maintenance costs, and system lifespan on LCOH is also significant, with Bangladesh and Bhutan experiencing the highest cost growth. A comparative analysis with global studies shows that South Asia's costs are competitive or lower than those in other regions. These insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers and investors to accelerate hydrogen adoption in South Asia.Science Citation Index Expande
48-72 Aylık Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Duygu Düzenleme Becerilerinin Ebeveyn-Çocuk İletişimine Etkisi
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı 48-72 aylık çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin duygu düzenleme becerilerinin ebeveyn-çocuk iletişimine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul il merkezinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı'na bağlı resmi ve özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam etmekte olan 48-72 aylık çocuğu olan 200 anne ve 196 baba toplam 396 ebeveynden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden birisi olan ilişkisel tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu belirlenirken rastlantısal olan örnekleme yöntemlerinden tabakalı basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Demografik Bilgi Formu, Ebeveyn Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği (EDDÖ) ve Anne-Baba-Çocuk İletişimi Değerlendirme Aracı (ABÇİDA) veri toplama araçları ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları ebeveyn duygu düzenleme alt boyutu 'Ebeveynlerin Çocuğun Duygularından Kaçınması' alt boyutu ile ebeveynin cinsiyeti, çocukla ilgilenen kişi, çocuklarla iletişim için seminer veya eğitim alma durumu ile anlamlı farklılaşmalar bulunmuştur. Babaların çocuğun duygularından kaçınması boyutu puanlarının annelerden daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Çocuklarla iletişim için seminer veya eğitim alan katılımcıların ebeveyn duygu düzenleme 'Ebeveynlerin Çocuğun Duygularından Kaçınması' boyutu puanlarının seminer/eğitim almayanlardan daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kız çocuğu olan katılımcıların ebeveynlerin çocuğun duygularından kaçınması boyutlarının erkek çocuğa sahip olan katılımcılardan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anne-Baba-Çocuk İletişimini Değerlendirme Aracı'nın ebeveynin alt boyutları ile yaş, cinsiyet, gelir durumu, iletişim için seminer/eğitim alma durumu, ebeveynlerin kendini tanımlama durumları, ikamet edilen ilçeler, çocukların yaşı, cinsiyet, planlı doğum durumu, doğum ağırlığı ve çocuğun bakımını üstlenen kişi gibi demografik faktörler arasında anlamlı farklılaşmalar gözlemlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin duygu düzenleme alt boyutlarının ebeveyn-çocuk iletişiminin konuşma boyutu üzerinde %19, dinleme boyutu üzerinde %13, mesaj boyutu üzerinde %6, sözsüz iletişim boyutu üzerinde %7 ve empati boyutu üzerinde %13 oranında anlamlı varyanslar açıkladığı tespit edilmiş ve ebeveyn duygu düzenleme becerilerinin anne-baba-çocuk iletişimine etkisi olduğu, ebeveynlerin duygu düzenleme becerisi arttıkça anne-baba-çocuk iletişiminin etkin bir şekilde olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of emotion regulation skills of parents of 48-72-month-old children on parent-child communication. The study group of this research consists of a total of 396 parents, 200 mothers and 196 fathers, with children aged 48-72 months attending public and private pre-school education institutions affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in the city center of Istanbul in the 2023-2024 academic year. The research was carried out with the relational scanning model, which is one of the quantitative research methods. When determining the study group, the stratified simple random sampling method, one of the random sampling methods, was used. Data were collected with the Demographic Information Form, Parental Emotion Regulation Scale (PERS) and Parent-Child Communication Assessment Tool (ABCIDA) data collection tools. The findings of the study found significant differences between the parental emotion regulation sub-dimension and the 'Parent's Avoidance of the Child's Emotions' sub-dimension, depending on the parent's gender, the person taking care of the child, and whether they have received seminars or training on communication with children. It was found that fathers' avoidance of the child's emotions was higher than mothers. It was determined that the 'Parent's Avoidance of Child's Emotions' dimension of parental emotion regulation was lower in the participants who received seminars or training on communication with children than those who did not receive seminars/training. It was determined that the extent of parents' avoidance of the child's emotions was higher in the participants who had a daughter than in the participants who had a son. The sub-dimensions of the Mother-Father-Child Communication Assessment Tool include age, gender, income level, communication seminar/training status, parents' self-identification status, residence addresses, children's age, gender, planned birth status, birth weight and child care. Significant differences were observed between demographic factors such as the person responsible. It was determined that the sub-dimensions of parents' emotion regulation explained 19% of the variance in the speaking dimension of parent-child communication, 13% in the listening dimension, 6% in the message dimension, 7% in the nonverbal communication dimension and 13% in the empathy dimension. It was concluded that parental emotion regulation skills have an effect on parent-child communication and that parent-child communication can be more effective as parents' emotion regulation skills increase
Healthcare-Associated Infections in the First Four Years of a Pediatric Surgical Intensive Care Unit
No full textKilic, Sinan/0000-0003-3454-5538; Atici, Serkan/0000-0002-3329-1866Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among critical pediatric surgical patients. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, distribution, types, and pathogens involved in HAIs, in a newly established pediatric surgery intensive care unit (PSICU). Methodology: The Infection Control Team of Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital identified and documented HAI cases according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria over a four-year period following the unit's opening. Prospective, laboratory-based surveillance of HAIs was conducted within the PSICU from 1 January 2011 to 30 November 2014. Continuous monitoring and early detection of HAIs are crucial for implementing timely and effective infection control measures. Results: A total of 599 patients were admitted to the PSICU, and 90 HAI cases were identified, resulting in an overall HAI rate of 15%. The incidence density was 14.7 per 1,000 patient-days. The most prevalent types were bloodstream infections (40%), pneumonia (23.4%), and urinary tract infections (17.8%). The primary pathogens were Klebsiella spp. (27.8%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.9%), Staphylococcus spp. (13.9%), and Candida spp. (13.9%). Conclusions: There is limited data on HAI rates in PSICUs, and this study showed that infection rates in the PSICU were not higher than in pediatric intensive care units and neonatal intensive care units. The incidence of HAIs in this study was not higher than reports from other PSICUs in developing countries like Mexico, Brazil, and Egypt; but was higher compared to the rates reported in developed countries such as the US.Science Citation Index Expande
Environmental Reflections of Traditional and Improved Recipes: Assessing Greenhouse Gas and Water Footprints
No full textThe concept of sustainability is expressed as to increase people's quality of life and reducing resource use and environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to determine the values of greenhouse gas emissions and water footprints of recipes with improved nutritional content specific to various Turkish cuisines. Thirty traditional recipes were improved in terms of nutritional content, and thirty improved new recipes were created. In this context, the carbon and water footprints of traditional and improved recipes were calculated, and the relationship between nutrients and greenhouse gas emissions and water footprints was analyzed. Compared to traditional recipes, improved recipes for meat dishes, pastries, herb dishes, vegetable dishes, and seafood recipes were found to have lower greenhouse gas emission values (p < 0.05), while the water footprint values of meat dishes, herb dishes, vegetable dishes and seafood recipes were found to be lower (p < 0.05). In traditional recipes, as the amount of energy, protein and fat increased, greenhouse gas values increased (p = 0.030 for energy; p = 0.001 for protein; p=<0.001 for fat), while in improved recipes, as the amount of protein and fat increased, greenhouse gas values increased (p = 0.001; p = 0.012). In addition, in traditional recipes, as the amount of protein and fat increased, the water footprint values also increased (p = 0.013; p = 0.007). In improved recipes, as the amount of protein increased, the water footprint values increased significantly (p = 0.008). It was determined that greenhouse gas emission values decreased by 14.55 % in improved meat dishes, 34.89 % in seafood, and 17.21 % in vegetable dishes, while water footprint values decreased by 15.55 %, 33.82 % and 52.26 % for meat, seafood, and vegetable dishes respectively. We believe that improving and reorganizing traditional cuisines of countries will have positive effects ecologically and health-wise, and will provide important contributions to future studies.Science Citation Index Expande