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Histopathological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Cognitive Memory and Brain Functions in Rats
No full textMonosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used flavoring agent worldwide. Although MSG is found in many packaged and ready-to-eat foods, it also has many side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MSG on body weight, brain and cognitive functions histopathologically and biochemically. Starting from the first day of the experiment, 4 mg/kg saline was given to the control group and 4 mg/kg MSG to the experimental group for 28 days. The rats were also subjected to Barnes maze test every day. At the end of the experiment, the animals were decapitated, and brain tissues were removed. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed on the removed brain tissues. At the end of the experiment, there was a statistically significant (p mol H2O2 Equiv/L in the control group and 7.15 +/- 1.35 mu mol H2O2 Equiv/L in the experimental group. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was 2.46 +/- 1.05 in the control group and 5.23 +/- 1.40 in the experimental group. These differences in TAS, TOS and OSI were statistically significant (p < 0.000). Histological analysis showed shrinkage, degeneration, pyknosis, karyolysis, necrosis and mild satellitosis in the experimental group. The results of this study revealed that MSG had negative effects on body weight, brain function and cognitive capacity of rats, caused negative changes in the cellular structure of brain tissue and increased oxidative stress in the tissue.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK); Karabuek University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office [KBUEBAP-23-YL-102]Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK).This project was funded by Karabuek University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office with the project code KBUEBAP-23-YL-102Science Citation Index Expande
LGBTI+ ve Natrans Heteroseksüellerde Flört Kaygısı ve Beden İmgesinin Nesne İlişkileri Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
No full textYakın ilişkilerde önemli bir yatırım konusu olan flört ilişkileri, kişilerin hem ruhsal hem de bedensel temsillerine bağlı olarak şekillenmektedir. Bu çalışma, ilişki ortamlarından kaçınma ve potansiyel partnerler tarafından olumsuz değerlendirilme hassasiyetinin ifade edildiği flört kaygısı ile cinsel yaşamda beden imgesi kavramlarını, nesne ilişkileri bağlamında derinlemesine incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırma, cinsel yönelim ve cinsiyet kimliği dahil demografik ve flört ilişkilerine dair verilerin, bu değişkenler bakımından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını ele almıştır. Çalışmaya 19-50 yaş aralığında LGBTİ+ ve natrans heteroseksüel 311 birey katılmıştır. Veriler Demografik Bilgi Formu, Flört Kaygısı Ölçeği (DAS), Cinsel İlişki Esnasındaki Beden Algısı Ölçeği (BESAQ) ve Bell Nesne İlişkileri ve Gerçeği Değerlendirme Ölçeği (BORTTI) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, olumsuz nesne ilişkileri, gerçekliği değerlendirmede güçlükler, flört kaygısı ve cinsel yaşamda olumsuz beden imgesi arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, olumsuz nesne ilişkilerinin hem flört kaygısının hem de beden imgesinin güçlü bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Flört kaygısı yaşayan bireylerin, yakın ilişkiler kurma ihtiyacı ve özlemi duyduğu, ancak erken dönemde kapsanma ve tutulma ihtiyaçlarının yeterince karşılanmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Aynı şekilde, cinsel yaşamda bedenleriyle ilgili olumsuz algılara sahip bireylerin, yakın ve sürekli ilişkiler kurmakta zorlandıkları ve algılarında belirsizliğe karşı yoğun şüphe yaşadıkları bulunmuştur. Cinsel yönelim ve cinsiyet kimliği ile ilgili karşılaştırmalarda, LGBTİ+ ve natrans heteroseksüeller arasında olumsuz nesne ilişkileri bakımından fark olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar, psikanalitik kuramda özdeşim süreçleri ve nesne seçimi hakkında ifade edilen heteroseksist ve cisseksist varsayımların sorgulanması gerektiğine işaret etmiştir.Dating relationships, a significant aspect of close relationships, are shaped by individuals' psychic and physical representations. This study aimed to thoroughly examine the concepts of dating anxiety, characterized by avoidance of relationship environments and sensitivity to negative evaluation by potential partners, and body image in sexual life, within the framework of object relations. The research also explored whether demographic and relationship-related data, including sexual orientation and gender identity, differed in terms of these variables. The study included 311 participants aged 19-50, comprising LGBTİ+ and cisgender heterosexual individuals. Data were collected using the Demographic Information Form, Dating Anxiety Scale (DAS), Body Image during Sexual Intercourse Scale (BESAQ), and Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORTTI). The findings revealed significant relationships between negative object relations, difficulties in reality testing, dating anxiety, and negative body image in sexual life. Additionally, negative object relations were identified as a strong predictor of both dating anxiety and body image. It was found that individuals experiencing dating anxiety had a strong need and longing to establish close relationships but faced inadequacies in meeting early needs for containment and holding. Similarly, individuals with negative body image perceptions in their sexual lives struggled to establish close and enduring relationships, experienced difficulties distinguishing internal and external realities, and exhibited significant anxiety towards uncertainty in their perceptions. Comparisons regarding sexual orientation and gender identity revealed no differences between LGBTİ+ and cisgender heterosexual individuals in terms of the quality of negative object relations. These results highlighted the need to challenge the heterosexist and cis-normative assumptions expressed in psychoanalytic theories concerning identification processes and object choice
Adölesan Öğrencilere Yönelik Verilen Bir Beslenme Seminerinin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi ve Okul Yemekhane Atıklarına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
No full textAdölesan dönemde kazanılan beslenme bilgisi, bireylerin ilerleyen yıllarda sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları geliştirmesine, yaşam kalitesinin artmasına ve gıda israfının azalmasına önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Bu doğrultuda, Tokat ilinde düzenlenen bu çalışma, bir beslenme seminerinin lise öğrencilerinin beslenme bilgi düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini ve yemekhane atık miktarına olan yansımalarını incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, Tokat'ta özel bir lisede öğrenim gören 9, 10 ve 11. sınıf öğrencileri ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 15,64±1,00 yıl olarak belirlenmiştir. Veriler, demografik anket, Adölesan Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Anketi ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Formu (Kısa) aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, öğrencilerin seminer öncesindeki beslenme bilgi düzeyleri Adölesan Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Anketi kullanılarak ölçülmüş ve belirlenen iki farklı günde yemekhane atık miktarları, besin gruplarına göre ayrılarak araştırmacı tarafından ölçülmüş ve kaydedilmiştir. Ardından öğrencilere, farklı günlerde iki modülden oluşan sunum destekli beslenme seminerleri verilmiştir. Son aşamada ise seminerin etkinliği, beslenme bilgi testi tekrar uygulanarak ve yemekhane atık miktarları yeniden ölçülerek değerlendirilmiştir. Analizlerde %95 güven aralığı esas alınmış ve p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki katılımcıların beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) persentil değerleri incelendiğinde; %1,26'sının zayıf, %4,40'ının zayıflık riski taşıyan, %53,46'sının normal, %30,82'sinin hafif şişman ve %10,06'sının şişman kategorisinde yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Adölesan Beslenme Bilgi Testi sonuçlarına göre, öğrencilerin eğitim öncesindeki ortalama puanı 21,87±5,82 iken, eğitim sonrasında bu puan 25,52±1,92'ye yükselmiştir. Bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Cinsiyet bazında değerlendirildiğinde, hem erkek hem de kız öğrencilerin beslenme bilgisi seviyelerinde eğitim sonrası anlamlı bir artış gözlenirken, kız öğrencilerin puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Yemekhane atık miktarları incelendiğinde ise eğitim sonrasında; çorba atıklarında %39,56, et yemeklerinde %44,26, sebze atıklarında %20,93, pilav atıklarında %36,35, makarna atıklarında %8,29 ve meyve atıklarında %13,41 oranında azalma gözlenmiştir. Seminer sonrasında atık miktarlarındaki bu düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu sonuçlar, beslenme eğitiminin yemekhanedeki besin israfını azaltmada etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, verilen beslenme seminerinin öğrencilerin beslenme bilgi seviyelerini anlamlı düzeyde artırdığını ve yemekhanedeki gıda atık miktarını önemli ölçüde azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu doğrultuda, adölesan dönemde uygulanan bilinçlendirme eğitimlerinin hem bireysel sağlık hem de sürdürülebilir gıda tüketimi açısından önemli katkılar sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Adölesan Beslenmesi, Beslenme Semineri, Gıda AtığıAdequate nutrition knowledge acquired during adolescence is essential for fostering lifelong healthy eating behaviors, enhancing overall well-being, and reducing food waste. This study aimed to assess the impact of a nutrition education intervention on high school students' nutrition knowledge levels and its effect on cafeteria food waste. The study was conducted with 9th, 10th and 11th-grade students study at a private high school in Tokat province. The mean age of participants was 15.64±1.00 years. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, the Adolescent Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form). At baseline, students' preintervention nutrition knowledge was assessed using the Adolescent Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire, while food waste in the school cafeteria was quantified by categorizing discarded food into specific food groups over two separate days. Following this, students participated in a two-module, lecture-based nutrition education program incorporating interactive learning strategies. The intervention's effectiveness was evaluated by readministering the nutrition knowledge assessment and re-measuring cafeteria food waste. Statistical analyses were conducted using a 95% confidence interval, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant. Analysis of Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile classifications revealed that 1.26% of participants were underweight, 4.40% were at risk of underweight, 53.46% had a normal BMI, 30.82% were classified as overweight, and 10.06% were classified as obese. The Adolescent Nutrition Knowledge Test results showed a significant improvement in students' scores, increasing from 21.87±5.82 before the intervention to 25.52±1.92 afterward (p<0.05). Gender-based analysis indicated that both male and female students exhibited significant improvements, with female students achieving higher postintervention scores than males (p<0.05). Post-intervention analysis of cafeteria food waste demonstrated a statistically significant reduction, with decreases of 39.56% in soup waste, 44.26% in meat dish waste, 20.93% in vegetable waste, 36.35% in rice waste, 8.29% in pasta waste, and 13.41% in fruit waste (p<0.05). These findings suggest that nutrition education interventions contribute to reducing food waste in school cafeterias. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that structured nutrition education significantly enhances adolescents' nutrition knowledge and reduces school cafeteria food waste. These findings highlight the importance of integrating nutrition education into adolescent curricula to promote healthier dietary habits and sustainable food consumption practices. Keywords: Adolescent Nutrition, Nutritional Seminar, Food Wast
A Molecular Dynamics Approach To Investigate the Thermal Performance of Silica-Aerogel/PCM at Different Magnetic Field Frequencies
No full textThe significance of advanced energy storage methods is underscored by the increasing demand for renewable energy, which is a result of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the high cost of gas. Silica aerogels and phase change materials provide effective solutions for temperature regulation and thermal energy storage. This study examines the impact of magnetic field frequency on the thermal performance of a cubic silica aerogel/phase change material nanostructure that contained CuO nanoparticles. It capitalized on the superior thermal insulation properties of silica aerogels to enhance energy conservation and minimize environmental impact. The utilization of a molecular dynamic simulation enabled us to investigate the movement of heat between particles and their unique characteristics. The impact of various magnetic field frequencies on critical parameters, such as density, temperature, thermal conductivity, heat flux, and charging/discharging periods, was investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the maximum density increased from 0.999 to 1.035 atoms/ų as the magnetic field frequency increased to 0.05 fs⁻¹. In contrast, the maximum velocity diminishes from 0.0092 to 0.0081 Å/fs, and the maximum temperature decreases from 762 K to 743 K. The heat flux and thermal conductivity diminish to 69.88 W/m² and 1.82 W/m·K, respectively, as the magnetic field frequency increases. It is important to note that the discharging time decreased slightly to 8.06 ns at a frequency of 0.05 fs⁻¹, while the charging time increased, reaching 7.12 ns. These findings underscore the potential of the combination of PCMs with silica aerogels to improve thermal management and energy storage applications through the application of magnetic fields. © 2025 Elsevier B.V
Greenfluencers as Promoters of Sustainable Consumption: a Cross-Country Analysis
No full textAchieving sustainable consumption and production is a key challenge in emerging markets. Consumer behavior theories from developed countries often fail to explain consumer behaviors in these regions (Mahrous, 2019; Yarimoglu & Binboga, 2019). Although social media influencers impact consumer attitudes, more research is needed on greenfluencers in emerging markets for sustainable communication. Social media can play a crucial role in fostering responsible consumption by increasing environmental awareness. This study analyzes Instagram posts from 18 greenfluencers in Türkiye and the U.S. from October 2023 to October 2024, identifying themes such as zero waste and sustainable lifestyles that promote sustainable consumption. The findings indicate that Türkiye addresses a wider range of sustainability topics than the U.S., focusing more on zero waste, sustainable cosmetics, and lifestyle. In contrast, the U.S. emphasizes plant-based food and eco-friendly practices. The results contribute valuable insights to the literature and offer guidance for sustainable marketing strategies across different countries. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025
Visualization of the Impact of Noise of the Closed-Form Solitary Wave Solutions for the Stochastic Zhiber-Shabat Model
No full textThis paper investigates the stochastic Zhiber-Shabat problem under the multiplicative time noise analytically. The Sardar subequation approach is used to explored the solitons and solitary wave solutions under noise. Different families of solutions are gained in the form of dark soliton, singular soliton, bright soliton, complex dark-bright soliton and mixed form solitons along with mixed trigonometric functions. In mathematical physics, the solutions describe a wide range of physical phenomena including chemical kinetics, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and quantum field theory. The composition of the results would also be displayed in 3D for a variety of parameters using the most modern scientific tools. Graphical representation of the solution's physical behavior demonstrates that the obtained solutions are generated as periodic soliton wave structures with noise term effects that are singular, dark, bright and complex bright dark. Using 3D, 2D, and contour plots with different noise strengths, we illustrate the characteristics of the nonlinear model. It has been shown that choosing a suitable set of parameters optimizes the visual representation of the physical structures.Science Citation Index Expande
Effect of Osteotomy Strategy on Primary Stability and Intraosseous Temperature Rise: an Ex-Vivo Study
No full textBackground Primary stability is a perquisite for achieving successful osseointegration. Additionally thermal effect of implant bed preparation plays an important role in success of a dental implant. This ex vivo study was conducted to compare one step implant specific osteotomy and conventional osteotomy in terms of primary stability and thermal changes during surgery. Methods Forty eight implants were inserted into the sheep iliac crest bones each with a safe distance to each other and divided into six groups. In two of the groups implant specific osteotomy and in the remaining 4 groups conventional osteotomy was performed. In the groups, the primary stability of the trioval implants designed for the implant specific osteotomy were compared with the oval active threaded implants. The two osteotomy methods were also compared. Additionally the thermal changes during the two osteotomy methods were compared using a double-channel temperature monitoring device. Results Statistically significant differences (P <.05) were observed between the stability groups and the thermal evaluation groups (P <.05). Implant specific osteotomy revealed significantly higher stability than the conventional osteotomy (P <.001). Osteotomy without irrigation caused significantly higher thermal changes than the conventional osteotomy wit irrigation (P <.001). Conclusion Although the implant specific osteotomy reveals better primary stability, it causes higher temperature during drilling. However, since this increase is within the limits and doesn't cause a risk in terms of osseointegration, it may be used safely in clinical practice.Science Citation Index Expande
Search for Light Long-Lived Particles Decaying To Displaced Jets in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13.6 Tev
No full textA search for light long-lived particles (LLPs) decaying to displaced jets is presented, using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34.7 fb(-1), collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022. Novel trigger, reconstruction, and machine-learning techniques were developed for and employed in this search. After all selections, the observations are consistent with the background predictions. Limits are presented on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to LLPs that subsequently decay to quark pairs or tau lepton pairs. An improvement by up to a factor of 10 is achieved over previous limits for models with LLP masses smaller than 60 GeV and proper decay lengths smaller than 1 m. The first constraints are placed on the fraternal twin Higgs (FTH) and folded supersymmetry (FSUSY) models, where the lower bounds on the top quark partner mass reach up to 350 GeV for the FTH model and 250 GeV for the FSUSY model.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium) [30820817]; CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; DOE; NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [Strategy-EXC 2121, 400140256-GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552, CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; ERDF 'a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Rachada-pisek Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, Contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, Project No. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the 'Excellence of Science-EOS'-be.h Project No. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy-EXC 2121 'Quantum Universe'-390833306, and under Project Number 400140256-GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program-uNKP, the NKFIH research Grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC-National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR-Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, Project No.2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, Contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the FundacAo para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF 'a way of making Europe', and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, Grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, Grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, Contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Science Citation Index Expande
Liposomes: Application in Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy
No full textLiposomes are lipid-based bilayer vesicles that have become promising tools for cancer therapy and drug delivery. They have structural similarity with cells and have the capability of encapsulating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs that could improve the stability and bioavailability of therapeutic compounds. They can be engineered with various polymers, linkers, or targeting moieties to enhance their stability, minimize the off-target effects, improve their accumulation at targeted sites, enhance their therapeutic performance, and reduce the systemic toxicity. In this chapter, we have discussed these types of nanoformulations, their classification, different methods used for their preparation, and their applications in drug delivery and cancer therapy, with a particular emphasis on cancer immunotherapy. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025
Effects of Thermal Shock on the Performance of Welded Metallic Compounds: a Molecular Dynamics Approach
No full textWelded metals exhibit various mechanical properties influenced by multiple factors, with temperature playing a crucial role. Although research exists on the mechanical behavior of welded materials, gaps remain in understanding how thermal shock affects the performance of Cu-Ag metallic compounds. This study used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate these effects comprehensively. In the present study, mechanical testing conditions were applied to assess key mechanical constants, including Young's modulus and ultimate strength. The findings show that thermal stress significantly affected the mechanical strength of atomic samples, with ultimate strength increasing from 1389.074 MPa at 350 K to 1426.61 MPa at 450 K. However, increasing the temperature to 500 K caused a decrease in ultimate strength to 1412.74 MPa and in Young's modulus to 93.499 GPa. This behavior illustrated how thermal effects can both enhance particle movement and introduce potential weaknesses at higher temperatures. Additionally, interaction energy decreased from -6657.4512 eV to -6613.2486 eV, indicating increased atomic mobility without disrupting atomic arrangements. The mean square displacement results showed a notable increase after reaching 450 K, reflecting improved atomic mobility. Overall, this study provided valuable insights for optimizing mechanical structures through controlled thermal applications in various industrial contexts.Science and Technology Innovation of Shanxi Higher Education Institutions [2020L0681]; Shanxi Province Basic Research Program (Free Exploration Cate-gory) Funding Project (Youth Project) [202303021212289]; Key R & D Hightech Projects in Lvliang City [2022GXYF06]; Horizontal Project of Lvliang University [LLXYHX202311-08, LLXYHX202312-13]1. The Science and Technology Innovation of Shanxi Higher Education Institutions (2020L0681) . 2. Shanxi Province Basic Research Program (Free Exploration Category) Funding Project (Youth Project) (202303021212289) . 3. Key R & D Hightech Projects in Lvliang City (2022GXYF06) . 4. Horizontal Project of Lvliang University (LLXYHX202311-08 and LLXYHX202312-13) .Science Citation Index Expande