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Effects of Vaccination and the Spatio-Temporal Diffusion of Covid-19 Incidence in Turkey
No full textThis study assesses the spatio-temporal impact of vaccination efforts on Covid-19 incidence growth in Turkey. Incorporating geographical features of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, we adopt a spatial Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) model that serves as a guide of our empirical specification. Using provincial weekly panel data, we estimate a dynamic spatial autoregressive (SAR) model to elucidate the short- and the long-run impact of vaccination on Covid-19 incidence growth after controlling for temporal and spatio-temporal diffusion, testing capacity, social distancing behavior and unobserved space-varying confounders. Results show that vaccination growth reduces Covid-19 incidence growth rate directly and indirectly by creating a positive externality over space. The significant association between vaccination and Covid-19 incidence is robust to a host of spatial weight matrix specifications. Conspicuous spatial and temporal diffusion effects of Covid-19 incidence growth were found across all specifications: the former being a severer threat to the containment of the pandemic than the latter
Siyasetin Öznesi ve Nesnesi Olarak Dejeneratif Kognitif Bozukluklar : Siyasi Haklar ve Kibir Sendromu
No full textDejeneratif kognitif bozukluklar, bilişsel yetilerin icra edildiği sinir ağlarında, ilerleyici şekilde harabiyet yaratan patolojilersonucunda ortaya çıkan sendromlardır. İlerleyen yaşla birlikte dejeneratif kognitif bozuklukların ortaya çıkma olasılığı yükselir.İnsanların ortalama yaşam beklentisindeki süregiden artış, seçme ve seçilme hakkının öznesi olan nüfusun içinde dejeneratifkognitif bozukluklar riskine maruz kalanların sayısının artması sonucunu doğurur. Yazının ilk bölümünde dejeneratif kognitifbozukluk gerekçesiyle seçme hakkında kısıtlamaya gitmenin ölçütleri tartışılacaktır. İkinci bölümde ise, kibir sendromu olarakadlandırılan ve belli bir süre yönetici makamında kalmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıktığı varsayılan kognitif bozukluk açıklanacaktırDegenerative cognitive impairments are syndroms that occur as a result of patologies, which damage progressively neuralnetworks underpinning cognitive abilities. The risk to develop a degenerative cognitive impairment increases with age. As theaverage life expectancy is increasing, the number of those who are under the risk to develop a cognitive impairment wouldgrow consequently. The fist section of this paper discusses the criteria to restrict the right to vote on the basis of dejenerativecognitive impairment. The second section elaborates the hubris sydrome, which is in some accounts a sort of cognitiveimpairment acquired by holding a managing position for a long time frame
Nuclear Non-Threatin the Context of Russian Invasion of Ukraine
No full textIn the contemporary nuclear era, power relations between the Nuclear Weapon States and others become more troubled due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The use of strategic nuclear weapons is highly concerning, but the case's reality would not allow this possibility. The power struggle dominant powers had experienced over the economic and military aspects combined with the Strategic Nuclear Weapons' ability to mass murder. Even though international norms do not allow such usage, we can easily argue that any NWS willingly goes down that road in the face of interest. The war in Ukraine taught us that higher structures that possess nuclear weapons with better economies dominate other states that lack such a power. The way international relations work, there is not enough institute that guarantees the functioning of a liberal order
Nöroetik Açısından İnsan-makine Arayüzleri
No full textDonna Haraway (2006), Siborg Manifestosu’nun girişinde “bir siborg, bir sibernetik organizma, makine ile organizmanın oluşturduğu bir melez, kurgusal bir yaratık olmanın yanı sıra toplumsal gerçekliğe ait bir yaratıktır” (s. 2) dedikten hemen sonra, sadece bilim-kurgu romanlarının değil modern tıbbın da siborglarla dolu olduğunu belirtir. Haraway’in siborgları toplumsal gerçekliğe içkin sayan düşüncesine dayanak oluşturan saptamasının, manifestosunu kaleme aldığı 80’li yıllarda henüz emekleme çağında bir teknoloji olan insan-makine arayüzlerinin (İMA) tıbbi kullanımına atıf yaptığı muhakkak. Ancak, Haraway’in bu satırlarının hemen biraz sonrasında “hepimiz siborguz” (s. 4) derken kastettiğinin, İMA teknolojisinin yaygınlaşarak gündelik hayatın hemen her alanına nüfuz edeceği bir toplumsallık olmadığı da muhakkak
An Online Laboratory School Research on Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Experiences and Mathematics Teaching Anxiety
No full textDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, we founded an Online Laboratory School (OLS) under the roof of a university in Turkey to support students from public schools that were not technologically prepared for an online education and to provide an opportunity for our pre-service teachers (PSTs) to continue their internship by teaching online. The purpose of this research, consisting of two studies, was to examine experiences of 43 PSTs (first-, third- and fourth-years) during the OLS period of 8 weeks and how the OLS affected their mathematics teaching anxiety during Fall 2020. In the first study, we administered a survey to inquire into PSTs’ views on their experiences at the OLS, and in the second study we examined their mathematics teaching anxiety before and after the OLS experience using another survey. One main result was that the OLS experience served as an effective introduction to the profession for first-year PSTs and fourth- and third-year PSTs reported learning in-depth about online teaching in terms of the planning, teaching, and reflecting cycle. Another main result was that PSTs had mathematics teaching anxiety from “a little” to “a moderate amount” before the OLS and their teaching anxiety did not significantly change during the OLS period of 8 weeks. PSTs experienced highest mathematics teaching anxiety when they were observed and evaluated by supervisors during their teaching. The implications of these findings are discussed for teacher education programs
Turkish Jews in an Unwelcoming Public Space
No full textTurkish Jews in an unwelcoming public space” focuses on the transformation of citizenship experiences and daily life practices of Turkish Jews in the last decade. I argue that Turkish Jews’ feelings of insecurity have intensified as consequence of the rising religious conservatism under subsequent AKP governments. This sense of insecurity has become even more acute with the rise of anti-Semitism especially after the 2013 Gezi Park Protests and the July 15 coup attempt in 2016. In this chapter, I discuss the main strategies and performative repertoires that Turkish Jews have adopted in response to this adversarial social and political environmen
Grevci Sendikanın Grev Uygulanan Ünitede Üye Kaybı Sonucu Grevin Sona Erdirilmesi ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Yetkisinin Düşüp Düşmeyeceği
No full textThe provision of Article 75/6 of Law No. 6356 is essentially similar to Article 51/4 of the repealed Law No. 2822. However, theConstitution’s provisions are contrary to equality before the law (Constitution Art. 10), negative to the freedom of the union(Constitution Art. 51), workers’ right to collective bargaining (Constitution Art. 53), and the right to strike, which is actually anextension of the union’s right and included in its natural content (Constitution Art. 54). The sentence must be annulled by theconstitutional court as soon as possible. In addition, the strike ballot should be organized by the legislator in a moremeaningful and content-saturated way.6356 sayılı Kanun md. 75/6 hükmü, mülga 2822 sayılı Kanun md. 51/4 ile öz itibariyle benzerdir. Ancak Anayasanın kanunönünde eşitlik (AY. 10), olumsuz sendika özgürlüğüne (AY. 51), işçilerin toplu iş sözleşmesi yapma (AY. 53) ve aslında sendikahakkının bir uzantısı ve doğal içeriğine dahil sayılan grev hakkına (AY. 54) aykırı hükümler taşımaktadır. Hükmün bir an evvelAYM tarafından iptali ve yasa koyucu tarafından da grev oylamasının daha anlamlı ve içerikçe doygun olarak düzenlenmesigerekmektedir
Barriers in Participative Water Governance: a Critical Analysis of Community Development Approaches
No full textParticipatory approaches within development programs involving common-pool resources are intended to revive a community’s role in managing these resources. Certainly, to ensure the successful and equitable use of such resources, community participation is essential. However, in many cases, attempts at applying a participatory approach often fail to genuinely engage all subgroups within a community due to assumptions of homogeneity and a lack of understanding of the deep socio-political divisions between people. As a result, development programs can be plagued by these pre-existing power relations, potentially resulting in tokenistic community participation and the continuation of elite capture of natural resources to the same extent or worse than before a development program has begun. This in turn can negatively impact good governance and the fair distribution of a common pool resource. This paper explores the use of participatory approaches in water projects, assessing to what degree power relationships impact water management programs. Using a qualitative approach, the paper identifies key challenges of participatory water governance through case studies from Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka, exploring: lack of social trust, elite capture of participatory processes, power heterogeneity and imbalances at the micro-level, and a lack of inclusive participation in decision-making. Based on the analysis of these case studies, this paper argues that it is essential for participatory development interventions to understand socio-political power relations within a community—an inherently complex and contested space. The so-called “exit strategy” of a community project play a key role to decide the project sustainability that grants the “community ownership” of the project. Such an understanding can bring about greater success in development interventions attempting to address water-related issues
Technological Continuity and Change in Late Bronze and Iron Age Plain Ware Pottery From Sirkeli Höyük (cilicia, Southern Anatolia)
No full textThe period from the Late Bronze Age (c. 1550–1190 BCE) to the Iron Age (c. 1190–330 BCE) in the eastern Mediterranean is characterized by upheavals in political and socio-economic structures, accompanied by changes in material culture such as pottery production. Plain Ware is one of the most common pottery types found in Plain Cilicia in southern Anatolia during the Late Bronze and the Iron Ages and displays typological and stylistic variations during these periods. In this work, we examined the Plain Ware from Sirkeli Höyük, one of the key settlements in Plain Cilicia, using petrographic, mineralogical (XRPD), microtextural (SEM-EDX), and chemical analysis (LA-ICP-MS). The main objective is to determine the source of raw materials and to investigate Plain Ware production including clay procurement, clay processing, and firing techniques. Our archaeometric results suggest that the vessels were produced from calcareous clay available in the Ceyhan Plain. We have observed continuity in the methods of Plain Ware production from the Late Bronze Age to the Iron Age with a minor change in the Iron Age