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Steel Surface Defect Classification Via Deep Learning
No full textDeep learning and image processing methods have taken place in many parts of our lives, as well as in the quality control stages of production lines. The aim of this study is to train and use a deep learning model to improve quality management using limited data and computing power. To achieve that, deep learning for quality control models were trained by classifying six different steel surface defect images in the NEU-DET dataset. Xception, ResNetV2 152, VGG19 and InceptionV3 architectures were used to train the model. High accuracy was obtained with both Xception and ResNetV2 152. © 2022 IEEE
Identification of Material Viscoelastic Properties Using the Motion of a Rigid Sphere Located at Tissue-Mimicking Material Interface in Response To a Dynamic Force
No full textThe motion of a rigid sphere located at tissue-mimicking material interface in response to a dynamic force of short duration for the purpose of the determination of material viscoelastic properties was investigated in this study. The experiments were performed using a rigid sphere located at tissue-like material (gelatin phantom) interfaces. An electromagnet was used to apply the desired dynamic force to the sphere and a high-speed camera was used to track the movement of the sphere. Using the experimentally measured response of the sphere and the dynamic response of the sphere predicted by a sophisticated analytical model of the sphere located at a medium interface, the shear modulus, density and damping of the tissue-mimicking material were determined. The procedure followed in this study successfully produced the shear modulus, density and viscous damping ratio of the 20% (and 30%) gelation phantom as 1320 Pa, 1040 kg/m3 and 0.12 (and 2580 Pa, 1180 kg/m3 and 0.2), respectively. As the sophisticated theoretical model that is valid for small and large sphere displacements includes many parameters for the system such as the mass and size of the sphere, the inertia force of the medium involved in motion and the radiation damping due to shear waves and the experimental setup is very straightforward, it is believed that the procedure proposed in this study can be widely exploited to identify accurate material viscoelastic properties in practice
Power of Discourse in International Relations: Post-Structural Framework
No full textThe aim of this paper is discussing the question of “how the reality is produced and maintained” in International Relations (IR) via discourses. As a form of “speech, argument, statement, communication, debate, conversation, written or verbal explanation, expression type and style”, discourse is defined terminologically in various ways. In general framework, it is defined as “the use of language in speech and writing in order to produce meaning”. Discourse is widely used in various research on social sciences, and many additional subjects examined today include discourse analysis as a method in IR discipline. Post-structuralism has entered the discipline of IR in the 1980s through concerning the state’s historical and conceptual production, and its political formation, economic constitution, and social exclusions. As a theory that examines the relations among human beings, the world, creation and reconstruction of the meaning, post-structural practices have been used to examine how the subject of IR is constituted in and through the discourses and text of world politics. In that respect, political discourse is based on specific problem and subjectivity structures, but these problems and subjectivities are formed through discourses. In this context, discourse-based ontology and epistemology in post-structuralist approaches also stand out in the relationship between power and knowledge. Therefore, knowledge becomes crucial for the establishment of the authority. Accordingly, after the elaboration of concept of discourse and discourse analysis, it would be important to understand how post-structural discourse analysis is conceptualized and applied in IR discipline
Can quantative analysis boost qualitiy? An empirical research for Turkish administered justice, health and education systems
No full textJustice, health and education systems are the most important pillars of the social state. As a social state, Turkey undertakes in its Constitution to provide state administered justice(art.9), health (art. 56) and education (art. 42). Undoubtedly, the accessibility, quality and reliability of these systems would also increase the trust in the state. However, the efficiency of these relevant services is highly debated in Turkey. The aim of this research is to examine whether performance-based evaluations are included in these relevant systems and also discuss possible suggestions for all three systems. The research consists of three sections:The first section aims to evaluate the performance-based quantitative assessment in the state administered justice system in Turkey. In this system, the performance-based quantitative assessment is used mainly for the purposes of promotion of the judges and the prosecutors. The second section aims to evaluate a possible system of performance-based quantitative assessment in the public health system in Turkey. The third section aims to evaluate a possible system of performance-based quantitative assessment in the education system in Turkey. Accordingly, this research aims to analyze whether it is possible to develop high tech performance-based quantitative assessment systems to boost quality in the justice, health and education services, further to evaluate the extent of the human supervision in order to ensure the compliance to legal rights of individuals in order to prevent possible unexpected and unwanted violations(especially in the field of personal data protection) without enabling any undue influence based on subjective values
Ceza yargılama hukukunda koruma tedbirlerinin nitelikleri ve koşulları
No full textCeza yargılamasının temel amacı, işlenmiş olan eylemle ilgili maddi gerçeğin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır, maddi gerçeğe ulaşmaktır. Burada söz konusu olan biçimsel gerçek değil, gerçeğin kendisi olan maddi gerçektir. Maddi gerçeğin ortaya çıkarılması konusunda yapılacak araştırma ve soruşturma ise sınırsız değildir. Eylemle/olayla ilgili maddi gerçek, hukuka uygun yöntemlere göre yapılan araştırma ve soruşturma sonucu elde edilen kanıtlara dayanılarak ortaya çıkarılmalıdır. Kanıt elde edilirken kişisel ve toplumsal değerlerin korunması zorunludur. Koruma tedbirlerinin (önlemlerinin) amacı, somut olaya uygun maddi gerçeği ortaya çıkarılabilmek için, olay geçmişte nasıl gerçekleşmişse gerçekleştiği andaki durumunu olabildiğince koruyarak, duruşma ve yargı kurma/hüküm verme dönemlerinde öyle yaşatarak, ceza yargılamasının adil ve kısa sürede sonuçlanmasını sağlamaktır. Aynı zamanda sonuçta verilen hükmün yerine getirilmesini de güvence altına almak koruma tedbirlerinin amaçlarındandır. Özetle koruma tedbirlerinin genel olarak ortak temel amacı, ceza yargılamasında yargılamanın yapılabilmesi ve ileride verilecek hükmün/cezanın yerine getirilmesidir. İnceleme konumuz, koruma tedbirlerinin ortak özellikleri ve koşulları. Bu nedenle her koruma tedbiri (önlemi) ayrı ayrı ele alıp incelenmemiştir.Önce koruma tedbiri kavramının nasıl tanımlandığı açıklanmıştır. Koruma tedbirlerinin (önlemlerinin) görevi/işlevi ve ayrımları (sınıflandırılması) konusunda temel bilgiler verilmiştir. Daha sonra ise, koruma tedbirlerinin (önlemlerinin) özellikleri/nitelikleri tek tek ele alınarak ayrıntılı bir biçimde incelenmiştir. Son olarak koruma tedbirlerinin (önlemlerinin) ortak koşulları ayrı ayrı değerlendirilerek açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca bu konudaki ilgili düzenlemeler gözetilerek konuyla ilgili mahkeme kararları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonuç kısmında ise konuyu incelerken ayrıntılı olarak yer verdiğimiz varılan sonuçlar, önerilerle birlikte ana hatlarıyla belirtilmiştir
Çalışanların kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algısının müşteri odaklılık ve algılanan performans ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi
No full textGünümüz şartlarında, hangi sektörde faaliyet gösterdikleri fark etmeksizin tüm sektörlerrekabet avantajı kazanmak için kurumsal sosyal sorumluluğu etkin olarakkullanmaktadır. Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk araştırmaları çoğunlukla tüketicilerinalgısında yoğunlaşmıştır, konuya çalışanların bakış açısına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Buçalışma çalışanların kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algısının, müşteri odaklılık vealgılanan performans ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. 218 çalışandan elde edilen verilerKısmi En Küçük Kareler (PLS) Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir.Sonuçlar çalışanların KSS algısının tüm boyutlarının müşteri odaklılık ve algılananperformans ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Algılanan performansı açıklayanen güçlü değişken algılanan çevresel KSS aktiviteleriyken, müşteri odaklılığı açıklayanen güçlü değişken algılanan etik KSS aktiviteleridir. Ayrıca, müşteri odaklılık, algılananperformans ile pozitif ilişkilidir. Sonuçlar çalışan-temelli KSS ve onun olası pozitifsonuçları için yararlı içgörüler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma sonuçları ile çalışan temelliKSS'deki araştırma boşluğunu doldurmayı ve bunun pazarlama ile ilgili çıktılarüzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.In today's conditions, almost all businesses, of regardless of the sector they operate in,use social responsibility effectively to gain competitive advantage. Researches oncorporate social responsibility commonly centered on customers’ perception, whileinvestigating employees’ point of view is still needed. This research investigatesrelations between employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility, customerorientation, and perceived performance. Data were obtained from 218 employees andanalyzed by Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modelling technique.Results show that all dimensions of employees’ perception of CSR are positively relatedto customer orientation and perceived performance. Perceived environmental CSRactivities are the strongest variable to explain perceived performance whereas perceivedethical CSR activities are the strongest variable to determine customer orientation.Furthermore, customer orientation is positively related to perceived performance.Results provide fruitful insights for employee-based CSR and its possible positiveconsequences. Furthermore, the study intends to fill the research void in employee-basedCSR and investigate its effect on marketing related outputs with its results
Mechanisms to Enhance Women Representation in Corporate Boards
No full textKadınların şirket yönetim kurullarında temsilinin sağlanmasına yönelik yaklaşımının temelinde sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın sağlanabilmesinin koşullarından biri olarak toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin tesisini öngören bakış açısı yer almaktadır. Gerçekten 2015 yılında Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu'nda kabul edilen on yedi adet Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma İlkesi arasında yer alan beş numaralı ilke, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin tesisini sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın sağlanabilmesi için ulaşılması gereken bir hedef olarak ortaya koymaktadır.Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin sağlanması öncelikle kadınların ve kız çocuklarının maruz kaldıkları cinsiyet temelli ayrımcılığın ortadan kaldırılması; bunun yanında özellikle kadınların ekonomik kaynaklara ulaşma ve bunlar üzerinde eşit haklara sahip olmaları; siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik karar alma mekanizmalarında temsillerinin sağlanması gibi yaklaşımları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Sürdürülebilir bir gelecek, ancak toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin sağlanması ile mümkün olacaktır. Cinsiyet temelli ayrımcılığın ortadan kaldırılması, basit bir insan hakları hukuku meselesi gibi ortaya çıkmaktaysa da aynı zamanda ekonomik gelişme ve büyümenin sağlanmasının da anahtarıdır.Konuya şirketler hukuku cephesinden baktığımızda, kadınların ekonomik karar alma mekanizmalarında temsilinin sağlanması bakımından en etkili araçlardan biri kadınların şirket yönetim organlarında temsilidir. Temsile ilişkin bu mekanizmanın kurulması, farklı hukuk sistemlerinde bu sistemlere uygun enstrümanlar kullanılmak suretiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir.The enhancement of women's representation in company boards serves for the very purpose of sustaining gender equality, which is principle number five among seventeen Sustainable Development Principles adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. According to that principle gender equality must be sustained in order to achieve sustainable development. More specifically ensuring gender equality primarily entails elimination of gender based discrimination against women and girls; and in addition to that, granting women's access to economic resources and equal rights over them. it alsa requires creation of tools such as ensuring their representation in political, social and economic decision making mechanisms. A sustainable future will only be possible with the realization of gender equality. Eliminating gender based discrimination appears to be a simple matter of human rights law, but is alsa key to achieving economic development and growth.From a perspective of company law, one of the most effective tools in terms of ensuring the representation of women in economic decision making mechanisms is the representation of women in company management bodies. The establishment of these representation mechanisms has been carried out in different legal systems by way of using different legal instruments suitable for these systems
Social Mindfulness Predicts Concern for Nature and Immigrants Across 36 Nations
No full textBrock Bastian was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) (grant number DP200101446), Steve Loughnan was supported by the Philip Leverhulme Prize, Catherine Amiot was supported by a Senior Fellowship from the Fund for Research on Health - Quebec (FRQS: no. 268393), Roberto Gonzalez was supported by the Center for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (ANID/FONDAP 15130009), the Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (ANID/FONDAP 15110006) and the Fondecyt Program (ANID/Fondecyt 1201788), angel Gomez was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2021-124617OB-I00) and by the ERC Grant agreement no: 101018172, Zhechen Wang was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation fellowship (2021M690681), Nobuhiko Goto was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI (grant number 19KK0063), Girts Dimdins was supported by the Latvian Council of Science (grant number lzp-2018/1-0402), and Michal Bilewicz was supported by the Polish National Science Center Grant Sonata Bis (grant number UMO-2017/26/E/HS6/00129).Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP200101446] Philip Leverhulme Prize; Fund for Research on Health - Quebec (FRQS) [268393]; Center for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies [ANID/FONDAP 15130009]; Fondecyt Program (ANID/Fondecyt) [1201788]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [PID2021-124617OB-I00]; ERC [101018172]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation fellowship [2021M690681]; JSPS KAKENHI [19KK0063]; Latvian Council of Science [lzp-2018/1-0402]; Polish National Science Center Grant Sonata Bis [UMO-2017/26/E/HS6/00129]; Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research [ANID/FONDAP 15110006]; Australian Research Council [DP200101446] Funding Source: Australian Research Council; European Research Council (ERC) [101018172] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)People cooperate every day in ways that range from largescale contributions that mitigate climate change to simple actions such as leaving another individual with choice - known as social mindfulness. It is not yet clear whether and how these complex and more simple forms of cooperation relate. Prior work has found that countries with individuals who made more socially mindful choices were linked to a higher country environmental performance - a proxy for complex cooperation. Here we replicated this initial finding in 41 samples around the world, demonstrating the robustness of the association between social mindfulness and environmental performance, and substantially built on it to show this relationship extended to a wide range of complex cooperative indices, tied closely to many current societal issues. We found that greater social mindfulness expressed by an individual was related to living in countries with more social capital, more community participation and reduced prejudice towards immigrants. Our findings speak to the symbiotic relationship between simple and more complex forms of cooperation in societies
