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Unraveling the Links Among Witnessing Interparental Conflict, Hopelessness, Psychological Dating Violence Victimization, and Adult Depressive Symptoms
No full textWitnessing interparental conflict in childhood predicts psychological dating violence victimization (PDVV) in adulthood. As found in previous studies, PDVV and hopelessness are associated with depression. However, the associations among these four variables have not been explored in detail. The present study, therefore, examined the association between perceived interparental conflict and depression in adulthood and whether PDVV and hopelessness might operate as sequential mechanisms accounting for the association. Participants (N = 283; M-age = 23.37 years, SD = 4.04 years) in romantic relationships completed measures of perceived interparental conflict, PDVV, hopelessness, and depression. The perceived interparental conflict was related to PDVV and depression but not to hopelessness in adulthood. Moreover, the association between witnessing interparental conflict and depression was serially mediated via PDVV and hopelessness. The results are discussed in regard to previous research, and their implications for future research are presented
Determining Effects of Authoritarianism on Executive Power and Public Administration in Turkey
No full textThe increasingly authoritarian regime in Turkey has been the subject of many studies in constitutional law and political science. As per the planned neoliberal policies put into action, the role of the state was redefined in 2001 and new elements were added to the administrative structure to play that role. Although the authoritarianism was being experienced with all these aspects in Turkey, a threshold was crossed especially with the experience of the state of emergency of 2016–2018. Clearly, Turkey can no longer be described as a constitutional democracy after the thresholds it has crossed on the way to authoritarianism. What made this transition easy is the legacy of the political regime/culture and public law that has carried on from the past. It can be said that even if Turkey’s shortcomings in terms as organization in line with the requirements of a pluralist, participatory, and deliberative democracy, and the rule of law during the time of the 1982 Constitution did not render today’s authoritarian order mandatory, it has certainly made it possible. In this section, I will examine the transformation effects of the authoritarianism that Turkey has experienced since the 2000s on the executive and administrative organization in the context of the rule of law and pluralist, participatory, and deliberative democracy
A Comprehensive Review of the Novel Weighting Methods for Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
No full textIn the realm of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems, the selection of a weighting method holds a critical role. Researchers from diverse fields have consistently employed MCDM techniques, utilizing both traditional and novel methods to enhance the discipline. Acknowledging the significance of staying abreast of such methodological developments, this study endeavors to contribute to the field through a comprehensive review of several novel weighting-based methods: CILOS, IDOCRIW, FUCOM, LBWA, SAPEVO-M, and MEREC. Each method is scrutinized in terms of its characteristics and steps while also drawing upon publications extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Through bibliometric and content analyses, this study delves into the trend, research components (sources, authors, countries, and affiliations), application areas, fuzzy implementations, hybrid studies (use of other weighting and/or ranking methods), and application tools for these methods. The findings of this review offer an insightful portrayal of the applications of each novel weighting method, thereby contributing valuable knowledge for researchers and practitioners within the field of MCDM
What Predicts Perceived Discrimination Among White Americans? Findings From Two Nationally Representative Studies
No full textMany national or racial majority groups increasingly perceive discrimination against their group, despite objective indicators of advantage. The present studies simultaneously test three individual-level explanations of perceived discrimination among White Americans: system legitimizing beliefs, economic precarity, and group interest, in addition to corresponding predictors at the context (state) level. Using multilevel analysis, we analyzed nationally-representative data from the 2016 American National Election Survey (N = 2631)-an election period marked by discourse about majority group grievances. Results showed that, at the individual level, system-legitimizing beliefs (symbolic racism, conservatism, realistic, and symbolic threat) predicted perceived discrimination among Whites, as did objective (income) and subjective (perceived financial insecurity) economic precarity. Conversely, group interest (indicated by White racial identification) was not a significant predictor. At the state level, support for the Republican candidate also predicted perceived discrimination. These findings replicated with data from the 2012 American National Election Survey (N = 3261). We discuss the implications of White Americans' discrimination claims in the current socio-political climate
Exploring Attitudes Toward "sugar Relationships" Across 87 Countries: a Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship
No full textThe current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia
Damage Accumulation Modelling of Two Reinforced Concrete Buildings Under Seismic Sequences
No full textThe extent of earthquake damage depends solely on the seismicity, site conditions and vulnerability of the building stock in a region. Hence, studies to assess the seismic behavior of building stocks with similar vulnerabilities are important to mitigate seismic risk in earthquake-prone regions. This study aims to simulate the seismic behavior of selected reinforced concrete (RC) school buildings by modelling damage accumulation under multiple earthquakes sequence. The observed data of two RC school buildings heavily damaged after the 2011 Van earthquake sequence in Turkey, namely, the Gedikbulak and Alakoy schools is used. Among these two school buildings, the Gedikbulak school building collapsed immediately after the main excitation, while the Alakoy school building withstood several seismic sequences, suffering heavy damages. In this study, three-dimensional numerical models that can consider the deterioration effects are developed and the capacities of the buildings were evaluated by conducting a force-based adaptive pushover procedure. Additionally, non-linear dynamic analyses were conducted using the concrete plastic damage model. Both degrading and conventional material models were used to examine the structural response under multiple ground motion sequences. The hysteretic behaviors of the studied buildings are presented. Consequently, analytical results are well correlated with the reconnaissance studies and neither of the considered structures are found to satisfy the design performance level
The Timing Database: an Open-Access, Live Repository for Interval Timing Studies
No full textThis work is funded by NSERC Discovery Grant, RGPIN/3334-2021 to FBNSERC; [RGPIN/3334-2021]Interval timing refers to the ability to perceive and remember intervals in the seconds to minutes range. Our contemporary understanding of interval timing is derived from relatively small-scale, isolated studies that investigate a limited range of intervals with a small sample size, usually based on a single task. Consequently, the conclusions drawn from individual studies are not readily generalizable to other tasks, conditions, and task parameters. The current paper presents a live database that presents raw data from interval timing studies (currently composed of 68 datasets from eight different tasks incorporating various interval and temporal order judgments) with an online graphical user interface to easily select, compile, and download the data organized in a standard format. The Timing Database aims to promote and cultivate key and novel analyses of our timing ability by making published and future datasets accessible as open-source resources for the entire research community. In the current paper, we showcase the use of the database by testing various core ideas based on data compiled across studies (i.e., temporal accuracy, scalar property, location of the point of subjective equality, malleability of timing precision). The Timing Database will serve as the repository for interval timing studies through the submission of new datasets
A New Benchmark Dataset for P300 Erp-Based Bci Applications
No full textAcknowledgment This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK) of Turkey under Contract 118E268.Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK) of Turkey [118E268]Because of its non-invasive nature, one of the most commonly used event-related potentials in brain -computer interface (BCI) system designs is the P300 electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. The fact that the P300 response can easily be stimulated and measured is particularly important for participants with severe motor disabilities. In order to train and test P300-based BCI speller systems in more realistic high-speed settings, there is a pressing need for a large and challenging benchmark dataset. Various datasets already exist in the literature but most of them are not publicly available, and they either have a limited number of participants or utilize relatively long stimulus duration (SD) and inter-stimulus intervals (ISI). They are also typically based on a 36 target (6 x 6) character matrix. The use of long ISI, in particular, not only reduces the speed and the information transfer rates (ITRs) but also oversimplifies the P300 detection. This leaves a limited challenge to state-of-the-art machine learning and signal processing algorithms. In fact, near-perfect P300 classification accuracies are reported with the existing datasets. Therefore, one certainly needs a large-scale dataset with challenging settings to fully exploit the recent advancements in algorithm design (machine learning and signal processing) and achieve high-performance speller results. To this end, in this article we introduce a new freely-and publicly-accessible P300 dataset obtained using 32-channel EEG, in the hope that it will lead to new research findings and eventually more efficient BCI designs. The introduced dataset comprises 18 participants performing a 40 -target (5 x 8) cued-spelling task, with reduced SD (66.6 ms) and ISI (33.3 ms) for fast spelling. We have also processed, analyzed, and character-classified the introduced dataset and we presented the accuracy and ITR results as a benchmark. The introduced dataset and the codes of our experiments are publicly accessible at https://data .mendeley.com /datasets /vyczny2r4w.(c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Bir mobil ev örneği olarak karavanın hikayesi ve etkili aktörler
No full textBir mekan örneği olarak "konut", kullanıcı örneği olarak "insan" ile ilişkilidir. Bu ilişki sonucunda "ev/yuva" ortaya çıkar ve ilişki devam ettikçe, ev de yaşamaya devam eder. Bu araştırmada, bu ilişkinin seri üretilmiş mobil ev örneği olan karavanlarda nasıl gerçekleştiği incelenmiştir. Karavanların minimal boyutları, mobil ve seri üretilmiş olması, kullanıcının geleneksel ev ile kurduğu ilişkiden farklılaşmıştır. Bu ilişkiyi doğru okuyabilmek için, karavanın doğduğu ve geliştiği yer olan Amerika'daki karavan tarihi araştırılmış ve dönemin sosyolojik bağlamıyla birlikte anlatılmıştır. Karavan, tarih boyunca dönemin kritik olaylarıyla ilişkili olarak büyük dönüşümler geçirmiştir ve şimdiki formuna ulaşmıştır. Bu etkilerin dönemdeki yansımalarını ve mekan ile ilişkisini daha detaylı analiz edebilmek için karavan tarihi dört bölüme ayrılmıştır. Bunlar, vagon dönemi, Ford T sonrası dönem, 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrası mobil ev dönemi ve teknoloji sonrası RV dönemidir. Karavan, küçük ve büyük ölçekte birçok dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Araştırmada, bu dönüşümlere sebep olan aktörler, birey, kültürel etki ve kriz olarak tanımlanmış ve bunun üzerinden mekan – insan – kriz etki ilişkisi sorgulanmıştır. Burada, karavan, bir mekan örneği olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bulgulardan yola çıkarak, mekanın oluşması ve dönüşmesi için gerekli olan özellikler tartışılmış ve gelecekle ilgili spekülasyonlar yapılmıştır."House" is example of a place, while "person" exemplifies a user. The relationship between the two entities culminates in the creation of a "home," which persists as long as the relationship endures. This study seeks to explore the nature of this relationship in the context of trailers, which serve as examples of mass-produced mobile homes. The trailer's features, such as mobility, minimalism, and mass-production, set it apart from traditional houses with respect to the user's relationship. A comprehensive perspective has been obtained by delving into the trailer's lifelong history and examining it within the sociological context of different periods.The study is confined to the United States, where trailers were born and evolved. The trailer has undergone several transformations over time, responding to the critical impacts of the era and reaching its present form. The study is divided into four sections, each covering a distinct period in history: the wagon era, the post-Ford T era, the post-World War II mobile home era, and the post-technology RV era. The trailer has undergone both minor and significant transformations, with individual actors, cultural influences, and crises identified as the primary drivers of these changes. In conclusion, the relationship between place, people, and crisis is questioned. In this study, the trailer is regarded as a case of place, and the necessary attributes for creating and transforming a place is discussed. Finally, speculation on the future is made based on the findings