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Seismic Performance of Damaged Code-Conforming Rc Columns Repaired With Sustainable Structural Mortar
No full textExamining the seismic performance of damaged reinforced concrete (RC) structures after repair applications is vital for an effective post-earthquake disaster management policy. However, the number of experimental studies investigating the seismic behavior of repaired RC members is insufficient, especially for structural members that have endured slight or moderate level damages. In this study, four identical large-scale code-conforming RC columns were tested under combined effects of axial load and reversed cyclic lateral displacements. The reference column was tested until failure, while the remaining three columns were first imposed to lateral displacements until the formation of damages at different levels, then repaired with structural repair mortar that contains recycled raw materials without removing axial load and tested again until failure. The primary objectives of the experimental program are to enhance the knowledge on the post-earthquake performance of damaged RC columns and to investigate the effects of repair applications after slight and moderate damage levels. This paper provides details on the effectiveness of the aforementioned repair technique on the seismic performance of code-complying RC columns damaged at different damage levels. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved
Source Separation and Classification Using Generative Adversarial Networks and Weak Class Supervision
No full textIn this paper, we propose a decomposition-based weakly-supervised model that utilizes the class labels of the sources present in mixtures. We apply this weak class supervision approach to superimposed handwritten digit images using both non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and generative adversarial networks (GANs). In this way, we can learn non-linear representations of the sources. The results of our experiments demonstrate that the proposed weakly-supervised methods are viable and mostly on par with the fully supervised baselines. The proposed joint classification and separation approach achieves a weakly-supervised source classification performance of 90.3 in terms of F1 score and outperforms the multi-label source classifier baseline of 68.2 when there are two sources. The separation performance of the proposed method is measured in terms of peak-signal- to-noise-ratio (PSNR) as 16 dB, outperforming the class-informed sparse NMF which achieves separation of two sources with a PSNR value of 13.9 dB. We show that it is possible to replace supervised training with weakly- supervised methods without performance penalty
Asymmetric Effects of Eu Cohesion Policy on Eu Regional Growth: the Role of Macroeconomic Uncertainty
No full textCohesion policy and the EU funds have been key elements for territorial integration in Europe. Evidence shows that EU funds support the growth performance of regions. However, less has been discussed about the potential impact of macroeconomic uncertainty on the effectiveness of EU funds. Our analyses confirm that EU funds are important in understanding regional economic growth differences. However, the extent of macroeconomic uncertainty decreases the effectiveness of the EU funds. Our results are robust in including local controls, non-linearity of the EU funds’ effect, different EU fund categories, and regional heterogeneity in the EU. © 2024 The Author
Bilişsel Süreçlerin Ayırt Edilmesi: Özgeci Cezalandırma ve Kredi Karar Alma Süreçleri için fNIRS Verilerinin Makine Öğrenimi ile Çözümlenmesi
No full textFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has seen increasingly widespread use in examining brain activity and cognitive processes. However, the existing literature provides insufficient information on distinguishing between different decision-making mechanisms. This study explores the application of fNIRS in differentiating between two distinct decision-making processes: third-party punishment decisions and credit decisions. The research includes analyzing fNIRS data collected during these processes and classifying the associated neural patterns using machine learning. The findings reveal that fNIRS, in conjunction with ML, holds substantial potential to enhance the depth of understanding of decision-making processes in neuroscience research
Physicians’ Ethical Concerns About Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: a Qualitative Study: “the Final Decision Should Rest With a Human”
No full textBackground/aim: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks that require human-like cognitive functions, such as reasoning, learning, and decision-making. Unlike human intelligence, AI does not involve sentience or consciousness but focuses on data processing, pattern recognition, and prediction through algorithms and learned experiences. In healthcare including neuroscience, AI is valuable for improving prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance. Methods: This qualitative study aimed to investigate the acceptability of AI in Medicine (AIIM) and to elucidate any technical and scientific, as well as social and ethical issues involved. Twenty-five doctors from various specialties were carefully interviewed regarding their views, experience, knowledge, and attitude toward AI in healthcare. Results: Content analysis confirmed the key ethical principles involved: confidentiality, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Honesty was the least invoked principle. A thematic analysis established four salient topic areas, i.e., advantages, risks, restrictions, and precautions. Alongside the advantages, there were many limitations and risks. The study revealed a perceived need for precautions to be embedded in healthcare policies to counter the risks discussed. These precautions need to be multi-dimensional. Conclusion: The authors conclude that AI should be rationally guided, function transparently, and produce impartial results. It should assist human healthcare professionals collaboratively. This kind of AI will permit fairer, more innovative healthcare which benefits patients and society whilst preserving human dignity. It can foster accuracy and precision in medical practice and reduce the workload by assisting physicians during clinical tasks. AIIM that functions transparently and respects the public interest can be an inspiring scientific innovation for humanity. Copyright © 2024 Kahraman, Aktas, Bayrakceken, Çakar, Tarcan, Bayram, Durak and Ulman.University Research Fund; ABAPKO, (2019/03/06
Investigation Procedure for the Diagnosis of Historical Minarets: Inclined Minaret of Sivas Ulu Cami (mosque)
No full textThe inclined minaret of Sivas Ulu Cami (Mosque) from the 13th century Danishmend Period is one of the most invaluable architectural heritages in Turkey. The extent of inclination of the minaret towards the North-West direction, the seismicity of the region, and structural damages that occurred in time have emphasized the need for comprehensive structural and geotechnical investigations. Accordingly, a rehabilitation project is currently going on under the coordination of the General Directorate of Foundations of Turkey. Within the scope of the project, first, a series of field surveys have been conducted to obtain the current features of the minaret including the characteristics of the structural system, damages, deviation from the vertical axis, ground conditions and foundation details. In addition to that, a monitoring system including inclinometers, linear potentiometers and accelerometers has been mounted for tracking the evolution of deformations and damages in time under environmental influences and extracting the dynamic properties of the minaret. Findings from the field survey and monitoring system were used for constructing an analytical model of the structural system of the minaret. Then nonlinear time history analyses were conducted under various strong ground motion records to estimate the seismic performance of the minaret when subjected to earthquakes of different characteristics. The results showed that the tensile stresses that occurred due to seismic actions exceeded the tensile strength of the brick masonry at the region of the transition segment and the cylindrical body (top level of the boot)
Neighborhood and Psychosocial Predictors of Allostatic Load Among Latinx Adults in the United States
No full text[No Abstract Available
The Evolution of Water Diplomacy Frameworks: The Euphrates-Tigris Basin as a Case Study
No full textWater diplomacy encompasses the processes and institutions through which the national interests and identities of sovereign states are represented to one another. It is enshrined in international law, which states use to explain and justify their policies to concerned actors in the international system. States mostly prefer traditional tools of water diplomacy such as negotiation and mediation to resolve disputes in transboundary river basins. This chapter explores water diplomacy along with its main principles and actors. On the one hand, the state has been the main actor in shaping transboundary water policies and conducting water diplomacy throughout the last few decades of water disputes. On the other hand, international organizations, international financial agencies, non-governmental organizations, and science-policy (Track II) initiatives also participate in water diplomacy. A brief discussion of emerging water diplomacy approaches is followed by a case study on the evolution of water diplomacy frameworks in the Euphrates-Tigris river basin
Türk İş Hukukunda Kısa Çalışma
No full textKüreselleşmenin bir sonucu olarak dünyayı etkileyen çeşitli büyük ölçekli krizler, işyeri üzerinde de önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. İşverenler söz konusu krizin etik boyutunu ortadan kaldırmak ya da en aza indirmek için işçilerin aleyhine uygulamalara başvurmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, krizlerin işyerindeki yıkıcı etkilerini geciktirmek ve işçilere yönelik haksız uygulamalara son vermek için istihdamı koruma politikaları geliştirilmiştir. İşsizliğin olası maliyetlerini en aza indirmek, mevcut işçilere iş güvencesi sağlamak ve elbette krizin etkisini en aza indirmek amacıyla, devlet desteğini de içeren ve iş güvencesi ilkeleriyle uyumlu bir kısa çalışma sistemi 2003 yılında 4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu madde 65 ile ulusal mevzuatımıza dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, kısa çalışma sisteminin kapsamlı bir incelemesini sunmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İş, İş Hukuku, Kısa Çalışma, Kısa Çalışma Ödeneği, Zorlayıcı Sebepler, KrizVarious large-scale crises affecting the world as a result of globalization also have a significant impact on the workplace. Employers resort to practices against their employees in order to eliminate or minimize the ethical dimension of the crisis in question. In this context, employment protection policies have been developed to delay the devastating effects of crises in the workplace and to end unfair practices against employees. In order to minimize the possible costs of unemployment, provide job security for existing employees and, of course, minimize the impact of the crisis, a short-time working system, including state support and compatible with job security principles, was included in our national legislation in 2003. This study provides a comprehensive review of the short-time working system. Key Words: Labor, Labor Law, Short-time Working, Short Work Allowance, Compelling Reasons, Crisi
21. Yüzyıldaki Uluslararası İlişkilerde Dini İnşacılık ve İslam’ın Barışçı Hakikati
No full textUluslararası ilişkilerde askeri gücün kullanılması ve askeri gücü kullanırken kullanılan meşruiyet gerekçeleri arasında siyasi, ekonomik, güvenlik gerekçelerinin yanında dinin de etkisi olmuştur. Bu makalede 9/11 terör saldırısı başta olmak üzere El Kaide adlı devlet dışı aktörün istismar ettiği kutsal savaş kavramının dini bir inşa olup olmadığı, İslam dini kapsamında bu inşanın ne kadar geçerlilik taşıdığı ve ABD’nin bu mücadeleyi hangi dini söylemlerle karşıladığı literatür taraması yöntemi ile analiz edilmektedir. Ayrıca, İslamiyet’in savaş ve cihat yaklaşımı da Kuran’da yer alan bazı ayetler ile ortaya konulmaktadır. Savaş hakkındaki Kuran’daki ilgili ayetler incelendiğinde öncelikle barışın en ideal durum olduğu, savaşmak isteyen gruplar olduğunda öncelikle arabuluculuk yapılması, savaş ve terörizm ateşinin söndürülmesi önemli buyruk ve tavsiyeler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada 9/11 terör saldırısı sonucu ABD ve Avrupa’da oluşan suni İslam karşıtlığının ne kadar büyük bir haksızlık yarattığının ortaya konularak çatışmaların çözülmesi ve evrensel barışa katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır