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Offline optimization of distric heating netwroks (DHN) using grey box models
No full textInternational audienceAccording to the International Energy Agency (IEA) 2023 report, improving energy efficiency is a significant strategy for reducing global energy waste and carbon emissions. This research focuses on enhancing the efficiency of a district heating network (DHN), a critical component of the global thermal energy generation sector, through optimisation. The DHN generates thermal energy and distributes it to consumers according to their dynamically changing power demands, influenced by varying meteorological conditions.Since these power demands and weather conditions are bath unpredictable and dynamic, dynamic real-time optimisation (DRTO) is necessary for effective network optimisation. However, ORTO requires computationally inexpensive models to perform repeated dynamic optimisations (DO) in real time. To address this, this research develops a fast grey box model designed for integration into a DO algorithm. ln this paper, only dynamic (offline) optimisation of the DHN will be performed, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing a DO with the developed grey box model. This serves as a foundational step toward enabling ORTO in future research
Présence de l’Opilion géant d’Europe, Gyas titanus Simon, 1879 (Arachnida, Opiliones, Phalangiidae) sur les bords de la Douze dans les Landes (Sud-Ouest France).
No full textInternational audienceHarvestmen that can be easily noticed when it is encountered, characterised by its large size, has apparently not yet been recorded in the heart of the Landes de Gascogne (40) : Gyas titanus Simon, 1879. Three individuals have been spotted several years apart on the banks of la Douze in the Lucbardez-et-Bargues area (Landes) and neighbouring communes.Un opilion que nous ne pouvons que remarquer lorsque nous le rencontrons, caractérisé par sa grande taille, a pourtant semble-t-il non encore été répertorié au coeur des Landes de Gascogne (40) : Gyas titanus Simon, 1879. Trois individus ont été repérés à plusieurs années d’intervalle sur les bords de la Douze dans les Landes dans le secteur de Lucbardez-et-Bargues et ses communes limitrophes
« Fausse endémique », « fausse atlantique » : où en est-on de la connaissance sur la répartition de Paroligolophus meadii (Opiliones ; Phalangiidae) ?
No full textInternational audienceAfter reviewing the history of research into the distribution of Paroligolophus meadii(Pickard-Cambridge 1891), an elusive Harvestman species, the author propose a criticalcontemporary distribution of the species on the basis of the free and open access biodiversitydata.This species cannot be considered endemic or typical of the Atlantic biogeographical regionany more. Current knowledge, although still imperfect, is given as a critical basis to guidefuture research on this species, including an in-depth study of the degree of association withCalluna vulgaris and the possible characterization of ecotypes, to increase knowledge about theconservation of this species in probable decline.Après avoir rappelé l’historique des recherches concernant Paroligolophus meadii(Pickard-Cambridge 1891), espèce d’Opilion discrète et méconnue, l'auteur propose unerépartition contemporaine critique de l’espèce sur la base de données de biodiversité en accèslibre et ouvert.Cette espèce ne peut plus être considérée comme endémique ni typique de la régionbiogéographique atlantique. Les connaissances actuelles, encore imparfaites, sont proposéescomme support critique pour guider les futures recherches sur cette espèce, incluant d’une partune étude approfondie du degré d’association avec la Callune Calluna vulgaris et d’autre part lacaractérisation éventuelle d’écotypes, de façon à nourrir la connaissance sur la conservation decette espèce en déclin probable
Whole-genome sequences of 38 siderophore-producing isolates from root systems of two pea and one wheat varieties
No full textInternational audienceHere, we report the whole-genome sequencing of 38 siderophore-producing bacterial strains isolated from the root systems of two pea and one wheat varieties. High-quality genomic data for each isolate was generated using PacBio HiFi sequencing, producing 6.1 Gb of HiFi reads and achieving an average assembly completeness of 98.85%
Phytochemical Profile, Biological Activities and Potential Involvement of Opioid Receptors in Antinociceptive Effects of a Canarium Schweinfurthii Engl. Stem Bark Aqueous Extract
No full textInternational audienceThe decoction of barks of Canarium schweinfurthii (DCS) is used by the Gabonese population against roundworms, colic, stomach and intestinal pain. However, compounds and biological mechanisms involved in its effect on pain are not known. The aim of the present study is to investigate the safety, the phytochemical profile and the analgesic activities of DCS, as well as the involvement of opioid receptors in its antinociceptive effects. The phytochemical composition was determined by spectrophotometry, gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Phenolic compounds were revealed by spectrophotometry and many secondary metabolites were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS, including quinic acid and its derivatives. DCS did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in vitro on two human cell lines. Antinociceptive activity were investigated using the tests of acetic acid-induced torsion and of formaldehyde-induced leg licking. This decoction was demonstrated to exhibit a dose-dependent antinociceptive property in the two tests, while quinic acid has a central effect only in the formaldehyde test. Moreover, these effects were inhibited by naloxone. Together, these results show that DCS exhibits antinociceptive opioid-like activities which attenuate effects of pro-inflammatory and neurogenic mediators. This supports its potential medicinal for the treatment of pain in the traditional medicine of Gabon
La dame qui fist batre son mari - Édité et traduit d'après le ms. de Bern Burgerbibliothek 354
No full textLa dame qui fist batre son mari - Édité et traduit d'après le ms. de Bern 35
Autonomic Cyber-Physical System for Teaching and Learning Process Engineering
No full textInternational audienceThe digital transformation of our society has deeply impacted the way we interact, communicate, and learn. This new digital era raises exceptional challenges for teaching and learning, particularly in adapting to individual learning paces, providing adequate progress traceability, and ensuring inclusive solutions for diverse learners. This paper introduces an Autonomic Cyber-Physical System for Education (A-CPS-E) that addresses these challenges through a framework combining teaching and learning design patterns with autonomous system capabilities. The A-CPS-E implements the autonomic computing paradigm to adapt learning experiences across four instructional interaction modes and generates Augmented Interactive Learning Objects (AILO) using AI support to enhance the teaching and learning process. We deployed the system within the Erasmus+ Connect Unita project, engaging 484 learners and 100 teachers across 12 universities in Europe. Resulting in the creation of 14 international training programs, including 65 learning paths and 400 learning objects, with 91.3% remote engagement. Preliminary results have allowed us to evaluate the benefits of the A-CPS-E in providing adaptive, traceable, and inclusive educational experiences that transcend traditional boundaries in higher education
Post-Eocene rotations in the Western Alpine realm: a review from sixty eight years of paleomagnetic investigations
No full textInternational audienceA synthesis of more than 55 paleomagnetic studies yielding Tertiary primary or secondary magnetizations is used to evidence the rotations around a vertical axis since 40 Ma in the Western Alps and surrounding areas. In both external and internal zones of the orogenic prism, the rotations seem to be latitude dependent. In particular a widespread Eocene remagnetization of the Mesozoic European cover from Jura to Provence suggests possible effects of small local rotations of the External units of the belt. The most prominent feature is a consistent large (20–60 degrees) counterclockwise rotation observed in internal units and in the Northern Apennine areas. Also, the Corsica- North Sardinia block rotates similarly. Since the late Oligocene, apparent rotations around vertical axis are small North of the Po plain. It implies that the Torino-Monferrato North verging thrust plays a major role in accommodating the differential rotation. Therefore, domains separated from Europe by oceanic sutures ( i.e. Liguria + Corsica − North Sardinia) can play as rigid bodies, while on the contrary, internal deformation deduced from paleomagnetic studies evidence that Apulia cannot be anymore regarded as a rigid body. In the Western Alps, the plate boundary, first localised at the ophiolite suture is then shifted along the Penninic Frontal Thrust. Tectonic models of the Alps that do not take into account the observed rotations have clearly to be reappraised.Une synthèse de plus de 55 études paléomagnétiques basées sur des aimantations primaires ou secondaires d’âge Tertiaire est utilisée pour mettre en évidence les rotations autour d’un axe vertical depuis 40 Ma dans les Alpes occidentales et les régions environnantes. Dans les zones externes et internes du prisme orogénique, les rotations semblent dépendre de la latitude. En particulier, les directions issues d’une ré-aimantation générale à l’éocène de la couverture européenne mésozoïque, du Jura à la Provence, suggèrent des effets possibles de petites rotations locales des unités externes sont mises en évidence. La caractéristique majeure est une rotation anti-horaire importante (20–60 degrés) observée dans les unités internes et dans les zones de l’Apennin septentrional. Le bloc Corse − Nord Sardaigne subit également une rotation similaire. Depuis la fin de l’Oligocène, les rotations apparentes autour de l’axe vertical sont faibles au nord de la plaine du Pô. Cela implique que le chevauchement nord Torino-Monferrato joue un rôle majeur dans la prise en compte de la rotation différentielle. Par conséquent, les domaines séparés de l’Europe par des sutures océaniques (c’est-à-dire la Ligurie + la Corse-Sardaigne) peuvent jouer le rôle de corps rigides, alors qu’au contraire, la déformation interne déduite des études paléomagnétiques montre que l’Apulie ne peut plus être considérées comme un corps rigide. Dans les Alpes occidentales, la limite des plaques, d’abord localisée au niveau de la suture ophiolitique, est ensuite déplacée le long du Chevauchement Pennique Frontal. Les modèles tectoniques des Alpes qui ne prennent pas en compte les rotations observées doivent clairement être réévalués
Low‐Temperature (100°C–300°C) Magnetite Production in Variably Serpentinized Lherzolites
No full textInternational audienceThe study of the serpentinization process in ultramafic rocks has been revived in recent years in response to the problems of natural hydrogen generation. Serpentinization results in the formation of magnetite, which is often observed in the most serpentinized peridotites, at concentrations of up to a few percentage. In this study, we propose a novel experimental approach to test the formation of magnetite at temperatures of 100°C, 200°C and 300°C. The aim is to test whether magnetite can be produced at low temperatures in variably serpentinized peridotites, and how the degree of serpentinization can influence this production. This experimental approach exploits the properties of newly formed magnetites to record the magnetic field applied during the experiment. To achieve this, a study was conducted on Pyrenean peridotites, which encompassed variable degrees of serpentinization. The findings suggest that magnetite formation commences at 100°C, irrespective of the initial rock's degree of serpentinization. At 200°C, the production of magnetite remains comparable to that at 100°C. However, at 300°C, the production of magnetite is an order of magnitude higher. The most noteworthy outcome of our investigation is the demonstration that the production of magnetite is directly proportional to the initial nanomagnetite content of the peridotite. This finding suggests that magnetite may act as a catalyst, with strongly serpentinized peridotite exhibiting a greater propensity for magnetite production than weakly serpentinized peridotite under natural conditions
Les facteurs de contrôle de l'évolution sédimentaire et tectonique d'une chaîne plissée d'avant-pays et impact sur l'endommagement des argiles - l'exemple du bassin de Jaca oriental (Pyrénées)
No full textForeland basins and fold-thrust belts are key areas for understanding the interactions between tectonics and sedimentation during the building then dismantling of an orogenic prism. The basin filling phase is characterized by the establishment of transverse alluvial systems linked to the exhumation of thrust-sheets in the hinterland, and is generally accompanied by the growth of syn-sedimentary folds related to the propagation of deformation within the foreland basin.In this doctoral thesis, we propose to characterize the interactions between tectonics and sedimentation during the formation and evolution of a foreland fold-and-thrust belt associated with the presence of an intermediate shale detachment level. We focus particularly on: 1) the influence of tectonics on the evolution of sedimentary systems and the stratigraphic architecture of the basin; 2) the factors controlling the localization and tectonic evolution of a fold-thrust belt and its associated depocenters; 3) the influence of tectonics and sedimentation on the matrix deformation of shales and the related deformation style. In the eastern Jaca Basin, the Orosia-Cancias belt provides an interesting zone to address these questions, as it features a thick alluvial succession related to the exhumation of the Oturia thrust-sheet and deposited synchronously with the growth of the shale-cored Yebra anticline.The analysis of facies associations and the stratigraphic architecture of the basin shows that the sedimentary fill records a succession of three main environments corresponding to an axial fluvio-deltaic system (Lower Member), progressively replaced by the formation of small alluvial fans (Middle Member), and finally by the development of a large distributary fluvial fan (Upper Member). The long-term evolution of these sedimentary systems is controlled by variations in sediment supply and available accommodation space in the basin. On a local scale, the progressive exhumation of the Oturia thrust-sheet controls the localisation and migration of alluvial systems as well as the main basin depocenter. Finally, the Yebra fold growth also influences the forland basin infilling by leading to the compartmentalization of the sedimentary systems. Structural analysis of the Orosia-Cancias fold belt shows that the tectonic evolution of the basin can be divided into three main phases involving different levels of detachment and deformation mechanisms. The first phase corresponds to the exhumation of the Oturia thrust-sheet and the early uplift of the Yebra anticline in the western part of the basin, related to the formation of a thrust in the carbonate series at the base of the fill. The second phase corresponds to the eastward propagation of the Oturia thrust and is accompanied by the uplift of the western part of the basin, associated with the propagation of blind thrust faults in the turbiditic units. The final phase is characterized by the continuous exhumation of the Oturia thrust-sheet and the formation of a shallow intra-shale detachment level within the Larrès marls. The analysis of the magnetic fabric of the marls shows a regional matrix strain gradient controlled by the development of these different structures.These results allow us to propose a new model for the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the eastern Jaca Basin, illustrating the interactions between tectonics and sedimentation in a foreland folded mountain belt. We specifically discuss the role of clays and the factors controlling the localization and tectonic evolution of a growing fold.Les bassins et chaînes plissées d'avant-pays sont des zones-clés pour comprendre les interactions entre la tectonique et la sédimentation lors de la formation puis du démantèlement d'un prisme orogénique. La phase de comblement du bassin est caractérisée par la mise en place de systèmes alluviaux transverses en lien avec l'exhumation d'unités chevauchantes en bordure, et s'accompagne généralement par la croissance de plis syn-sédimentaires liés à la propagation de la déformation vers l'avant-pays.Dans cette thèse, nous proposons de caractériser les interactions entre la tectonique et la sédimentation lors de la formation et de l'évolution d'une chaîne plissée associée à la présence d'un détachement intermédiaire argileux. Nous nous focalisons en particulier : 1) sur l'influence de la tectonique sur l'évolution des systèmes sédimentaires et l'architecture stratigraphique du basin ; 2) sur les facteurs contrôlant la localisation et de l'évolution tectonique d'une chaîne plissée et les dépôcentres associés ; 3) sur l'influence de la tectonique et de la sédimentation sur l'endommagement des argiles et le style de déformation associé. Dans le bassin de Jaca oriental, la chaîne d'Orosia-Cancias est une zone intéressante pour répondre à ses questions, car elle présente une épaisse série de formations conglomératiques associées à l'exhumation de la nappe d'Oturia et contrôlées par la croissance syn-sédimentaire de l'anticlinal argileux de Yebra.L'analyse des associations de faciès et de l'architecture stratigraphique du bassin montre que le remplissage sédimentaire enregistre une succession de trois environnements principaux correspondant à un système fluvio-deltaïque axial (Membre Inférieur), suivi de la mise en place de cônes alluviaux (Membre Intermédiaire) et enfin par le développement d'un cône fluviatile distributaire (Membre Supérieur). L'évolution long-terme de ces systèmes sédimentaires est contrôlée par les variations d'apports sédimentaires et de l'espace d'accommodation disponible dans le bassin. A l'échelle locale, l'exhumation progressive de la nappe d'Oturia contrôle la localisation et la migration des systèmes alluviaux et du dépôcentre du bassin. Enfin, la croissance syn-sédimentaire de l'anticlinal de Yebra influe également sur l'architecture stratigraphique du bassin, entraînant la compartimentalisation des systèmes sédimentaires. L'analyse structurale de la chaîne d'Orosia-Cancias montre que l'évolution tectonique du bassin peut être décomposée en trois phases principales impliquant différents niveaux de décollement et moteur de déformation. La première phase correspond à l'exhumation de nappe d'Oturia et l'initiation de l'anticlinal de Yebra dans la partie occidentale du bassin, en lien avec la formation d'un chevauchement dans la série carbonatée à la base du remplissage. La seconde phase correspond à la propagation du chevauchement d'Oturia vers l'Est et s'accompagne du soulèvement de la partie occidentale du bassin associé à la propagation de failles chevauchantes dans les unités turbiditiques. La dernière phase est caractérisée par l'exhumation continue de la nappe d'Oturia et la formation d'un niveau de détachement superficiel intra-argileux dans les marnes de Larrès. L'analyse de la fabrique magnétique des argiles montre un gradient d'endommagement matriciel à l'échelle régionale contrôlé par le développement de ces différentes structures.L'ensemble de ces résultats permettent de proposer un nouveau modèle de l'évolution tectono-sédimentaire du bassin de Jaca oriental illustrant les interactions entre le tectonique et la sédimentation dans une chaîne plissée d'avant-pays. Nous discutons en particulier le rôle des argiles et les facteurs contrôlant la localisation et l'évolution tectonique d'un pli de croissance