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Ergogenic Effects of Combined Caffeine Supplementation and Motivational Music on Anaerobic Performance in Female Handball Players: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial
No full textInternational audienceListening to self-selected motivational music (SSMM) during warm-ups and caffeine (CAF) intake prior to exercise can independently enhance athletic performance among female athletes. Likewise, the potential synergistic effects of these interventions have not yet been thoroughly examined. Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the independent and combined effects of SSMM during warm-up and pre-exercise CAF intake on maximal short-duration performance in female athletes. Methods: Seventeen female handball players (aged 16.7 ± 0.4 years) participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Each athlete completed four conditions: (i) placebo (PLA) with no interventions, (ii) music and placebo (MUS), (iii) caffeine intake only (CAF), and (iv) a combination of music and caffeine (MUS + CAF). Performance assessments included the countermovement jump (CMJ), modified agility t-test (MAT), repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test (mean and peak sprint performance), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Results: The MUS (p > 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.01; p < 0.001, respectively), CAF (all p < 0.001), and MUS + CAF (all p < 0.01) conditions significantly outperformed the PLA condition in CMJ, MAT, RSA mean, and RSA peak measures. No significant differences were observed between the CAF and MUS + CAF conditions; however, the best performances were recorded during MUS + CAF. RPE scores remained consistent across conditions. Conclusions: Warm-up routines incorporating either SSMM or a moderate dose of CAF (6 mg·kg−1) enhance anaerobic performance in female athletes. While both interventions are effective independently, CAF intake elicits a stronger effect. Although no significant difference was demonstrated for this combination, the concurrent use of SSMM and CAF appears to produce a potential effect, emerging as the most effective strategy for optimizing anaerobic performance
Design of porous self-assembled homoleptic and heteroleptic Pd 2+ cages incorporating silicon-based fluoride acceptors: the way towards nuclear imaging applications
No full textInternational audienceSupramolecular self-assembly is a promising tool to develop multifunctional theranostic agents and has recently entered the field of radiochemistry. In this work, lantern-shaped [Pd2L4]4+ metallacages featuring a blood-brain barrier-penetrating peptide were designed for dual-modality imaging. Two silicon-based fluoride acceptors were incorporated in the cage ligand for radiolabeling with fluorine-18, an isotope used in positron emission tomography (PET). Ligands (L1, L2) and the respective homoleptic cages (C1hom [Pd2(L1)4]4+, C2hom [Pd2(L2)4]4+) were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography and high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). Cage stability was assessed in different solvents and concentrations by HPLC. 18F-labelled cages were obtained by radiolabeling the ligands pre-assembly under mild conditions within four hours via [19F]-to-[18F] isotopic exchange. The high lipophilicity of the ligands was also assessed in vitro (log DpH7.4) and in ovo, using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Furthermore, formation of host-guest complexes between the metallacages and perrhenate (ReO4−), the ‘cold’ surrogate of radioactive 99mTcO4− (used for single photon computed tomography, SPECT), could be detected by mass spectrometry, although the adduct did not sustain chromatographic separation. To improve stability of the supramolecular system, heteroleptic cages of general formula [Pd2(L)m(L0)n]4+ (m = 1, 2, n = 4 − m) were synthesized by statistical self-assembly and separated by liquid chromatography in good yield. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasible adaptation of supramolecular principles to achieve innovative theranostic agent
A curl preserving finite volume scheme by space velocity enrichment. Application to the low Mach number accuracy problem
No full textInternational audienceClassical finite volume schemes for compressible Euler system are not accurate on quadrangular mesh at low Mach number in the sense that they do not converge to the incompressible limit when the Mach number tends to zero [2]. The spurious mode that jeopardizes the convergence can be identified and corresponds to the long time limit of a first order wave system whose properties and discretization depend on the scheme used for the compressible system [3]. Then, the low Mach number accuracy can be analysed by studying the long time solution of the associated wave system.In this presentation, we propose to enrich the velocity space approximation by adding a divergence free element in each cell [5]. Using this new approximation space and a Godunov' numerical flux, the long-time limit of the wave system discretization corresponds to the divergence free component of the initial condition (as expected). This divergence free component will be defined via a discrete Hodge-Helmoltz decomposition.As a consequence, for Euler equations with well-prepared initial and boundary conditions, using this new approximation space and a Roe numerical flux (without any correction), the numerical scheme provides pressure fluctuations of order Mach squared and a divergence of the velocity field of order Mach in the low Mach number limit. In addition, the resulting numerical scheme accurately propagates acoustic waves at low Mach numbers. The theoretical study will be illustrated by numerical results.This work can be seen as an extension to quadrangles of the properties obtained on triangles [1, 4].</div
Du basque au francoprovençal : valorisation des langues régionales ou minoritaires par la conception d'un musée numérique européen
No full textBy the end of the 20th century, modern languages were no longer seen solely astools of communication, but rather, for European governances, as an intangible cultural heritage to be protected. Realising that many of these languages were in danger of extinction made it urgent to safeguard them. To this end, on 5 November 1992, the Council of Europe promulgated the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, identifying them as an ‘expression of cultural wealth' and encouraging Member States to preserve and promote them by the requirement to ratify the Charter. Nevertheless, many players, including local and regional authorities, research centres, schools and associations, are participating in the European debate on the subject and getting involved. However, the resulting linguistic policies and/or developments are of little interest to museums.However, according to ICOM's definition of museums in 2022, museums today are inherently involved in safeguarding tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Although the exhibition remains an instrument for promotion and transmission, the term ‘museification' is often used to describe museum installations (such as picture rails, showcases, text panels, etc.) that are used to safeguard the ICH. However, with their creative and didactic potential, others transcend this ‘bricks and mortar' representation, mainly through new devices such as digital technology, making it possible to integrate multimedia content relating to these heritages' evolving practices and knowledge. Digital technology is helping to fulfil the mission of interaction and even active participation by the public that museums have sought to achieve since the era of the New Museology of the 1970s.Europe also advocates the use of digital technology to develop and update culture.However, not all museums are taking advantage of this, and few worldwide are dedicated to languages, particularly regional and minority languages, despite strong mobilisation in some European territories.Based on this observation, and by studying a corpus of twenty-six museums in northern Italy and southern France, my project aims to promote the enhancement of regional and minority languages by designing a digital museum. I will also demonstrate its relevance in terms of a multilingual sharing space. Museum institutions can draw inspiration from it or even integrate it. I will also explain why language underpins tangible cultural heritage and how its preservation is defended through the prism of ethnographic objects, in this case, the kutxa and the altsón. Analysing and linking the data gathered during my exploratory work will enable me to define the foundations of my project, supported by the study of the musée Basque et de l'histoire de Bayonne in the French Basque Country in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and the Museo dell'Artigianato Valdostano di tradizione (MAV) in the Valle d'Aosta, in Fénis, Italy. These museums are my fields of observation and methodological experimentation. Located in areas with unique histories, they work to promote their respective regional or minority languages: Basque and Francoprovençal. To launch my digital museum, which is currently in the prototype stage, these languages will be the focus of targeted promotion.Dès la fin du XXème siècle, les langues vivantes ne sont plus uniquementappréhendées comme outils de communication mais bien, pour les gouvernanceseuropéennes, comme un patrimoine culturel immatériel à protéger. En effet, la prise de conscience du danger d'extinction de nombre d'entre elles rend leur sauvegarde urgente. À cette fin, le 5 novembre 1992, le Conseil de l'Europe promulgue la Charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires qui les identifie en tant qu'« expression de la richesse culturelle » et incite les États membres à les préserver et les promouvoir. Certains d'entre eux ne l'ont pas ratifiée. Néanmoins, de multiples acteurs dont les autorités territoriales, les centres de recherche, les écoles, les associations s'approprient les réflexions européennes à ce sujet et s'impliquent dans cette dynamique. Pour autant, les politiques et/ou aménagements linguistiques qui en résultent sollicitent peu les institutions muséales.Or, selon la définition des musées de l'ICOM en 2022, les musées aujourd'hui sont des acteurs inhérents à la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel matériel et immatériel. Bien que l'exposition demeure un instrument de valorisation et de transmission, le terme de « museification » désignant une sauvegarde statufiée du PCI, est souvent utilisé pour qualifier les dispositifs muséaux (comme les cimaises, vitrines, panneaux textuels etc). Néanmoins, d'autres, par leur potentiel créatif et didactique transcendent cette représentation de « bric et de mortier », notamment par l'usage de nouveaux dispositifs comme le numérique, permettant d'intégrer des contenus multimédias, relatifs aux pratiques et savoirs évolutifs de ces patrimoines. Le numérique concourt aux missions d'interaction voire de participation active des publics recherchées par les musées depuis l'ère de la Nouvelle Muséologie des années 70.En outre, l'Europe préconise l'usage du numérique en termes de développement et d'actualisation pour la culture. Néanmoins, les musées ne s'en saisissent pas tous et peu, dans le monde, se dédient aux langues, notamment aux langues régionales et minoritaires malgré une forte mobilisation sur certains territoires européens.À partir de ce constat, et par l'étude d'un corpus de vingt-six musées situés principalement au nord de l'Italie et au sud de la France, mon projet ambitionne de promouvoir la valorisation des langues régionales et minoritaires via la conception d'un musée numérique. Je démontrerai aussi sa pertinence en termes d'espace de partage multilingue. Les institutions muséales pourront s'en inspirer voire l'intégrer. J'expliquerai également pourquoi la langue étaye le patrimoine culturel matériel et comment par le prisme d'objets ethnographiques, ici : le kutxa et l'altsón, sa sauvegarde est défendue. L'analyse et mise en lien des données recueillies lors de mon travail exploratoire me permettront de circonscrire les fondations de mon projet en me soutenant de l'étude du musée Basque et de l'histoire de Bayonne au Pays basque dans le département des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, en France et du Museo dell'Artigianato Valdostano di tradizione (MAV) dans la Vallée d'Aoste, à Fénis en Italie. Ces musées constituent mes terrains d'observations et d'expérimentations méthodologiques. Implantés dans des territoires issus d'histoires singulières, ils œuvrent à conduire des actions en faveur de leurs langues régionales ou minoritaires respectives : le basque et le francoprovençal. Pour initier mon musée numérique au stade actuel de prototype, ces langues feront l'objet d'une valorisation ciblée
A novel biodegradable active packaging based on PHB/PCL for controlling Listeria monocytogenes in fresh salmon
No full textInternational audienceOur study was focused on developing a novel active packaging material with antibacterial properties to ensure food safety, especially against Listeria monocytogenes. For this purpose, blends formed by a mixture of biodegradable polymers, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polycaprolactone (PCL), and different ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL) concentrations, were produced by extrusion. Then, active laminates were prepared by thermoforming and characterized by TGA, DSC and FT-IR. Besides, an EPL release assay into food simulants was performed and a sustained release was observed. Laminates activity was evaluated against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica, both in liquid and solid media, where they exhibited high antibacterial activities, especially in the case of Listeria. To further study whether the developed materials maintained their active properties when in contact with contaminated food, a challenge test was performed on Listeria monocytogenes-inoculated fresh salmon. For that purpose, tray packaging prototypes containing 3 and 5 % EPL were produced by injection moulding and used to store salmon for 12 days. Microbial counts (Listeria monocytogenes, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. and Total Viable Counts), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) were determined over time. Results showed that active tray prototypes did not affect the quality of the stored salmon in terms of TVB-N. Moreover, they yielded significant reductions on microbial counts for all bacterial groups when compared to control samples. Thus, biodegradable antimicrobial developed trays effectively controlled Listeria monocytogenes and other spoilage bacteria present in fresh salmon.</div
Silva de reflexiones varias acerca del «Pusílipo» de Cristóbal Suárez de Figueroa
No full textInternational audienceThis article explores the concept of hybridism in aurisecular literature, focusing on Pusílipo, a lesser-known work by the Valladolid author Cristóbal Suárez de Figueroa, and its relationship with his major work El pasajero. These two works are presented in the form of a miscellaneous dialogue and bring together heteroge-neous literary materials, among which we can distinguish the use of poetic compo-sitions in Pusílipo, much more present than in El pasajero. The study of the variouspoetic materials in Pusílipo also shows how their inclusion also confers on them an argumentative function, as part of an entre-deux style of writing.Este artículo explora el concepto de hibridismo en la literatura auri-secular, centrándose en el Pusílipo, obra menos conocida del autor vallisoletano Cristóbal Suárez de Figueroa, y en su relación con su obra mayor El pasajero. Estas dos obras se presentan bajo la forma de un diálogo misceláneo y reúnen materia-les literarios heterogéneos, entre los cuales se distingue el uso de composiciones poéticas en Pusílipo, mucho más presentes que en El pasajero. El estudio de los distintos materiales poéticos en Pusílipo muestra también cómo su inclusión les confiere asimismo una función argumentativa, como parte de un estilo de escritura del entre-deux
Human hair certified reference material for total mercury, methylmercury, and trace element analyses
No full textInternational audienceThe National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) developed the NIES CRM No. 13-a, a new certified reference material for human hair, using scalp hair from Asian females. This CRM represents a significant advancement in support of global mercury exposure assessments and offers unparalleled reliability and scope compared with existing materials. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the preparation, certification, and application of NIES CRM No. 13-a. In total, 806 bottles (3 g each) were produced, with thorough homogenization ensured through sieving and blending. Certified values for total mercury (1.06 ± 0.07 mg/kg), methylmercury (0.858 ± 0.075 mg/kg), and key trace elements (arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium, and zinc) were determined through extensive collaborative analyses involving 20 laboratories. Additional reference values were provided for calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, antimony, barium, copper, iron, and manganese. Rigorous stability and homogeneity assessments demonstrated the stability of the CRM for over 10 years and consistency across sample units, even for challenging elements such as selenium. The CRM also includes information values of stable mercury isotope ratios, reflecting their growing importance as exposure tracers. This enhancement in accuracy and traceability facilitates accurate mercury and trace element assessments in human hair, enabling improved biomonitoring of mercury exposure, dietary studies, toxicological evaluations, human health risk evaluations, and regulatory compliance
L'index de l'égalité professionnelle F/H : quelles entreprises de Nouvelle-Aquitaine s'y conforment ?
No full textInternational audienceL'index de l'égalité professionnelle F/H : quelles entreprises de Nouvelle-Aquitaine s'y conforment