HAL Portal UPPA (University of Pau and the Pays de l'Adour)
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Développement d'un moteur Ericsson à piston liquide libre pour valorisation de chaleur fatale
No full textInternational audienceDéveloppement d'un moteur Ericsson à piston liquide libre pour valorisation de chaleur fatal
Vers de nouveaux modèles de partage de l'information
No full textInternational audienceDans la société numérique actuelle, la multiplication des échanges d’information soulève de nombreux défis pour les différents acteurs amenés à intervenir à l’échelle locale, à l’instar des fournisseurs privés de services numériques ou des collectivités territoriales. Ces défis qui interviennent à tous les niveaux d’un traitement de données, depuis son partage à son stockage, appellent en particulier à créer de nouvelles règles de transparence, de qualité ou encore de traçabilité des données échangées. Communément partagées, ces nouvelles règles sont en effet susceptibles de favoriser la confiance entre les différents types d’acteurs à l’égard des données échangées et encouragent un partage équitable des ressources numériques, notamment entre les acteurs publics et privé
Impact d'une programmation thermique embryonnaire sur le métabolisme hépatique des canards mulards dans un contexte de protocole d'engraissement sans gavage
No full textInternational audienceImpact d'une programmation thermique embryonnaire sur le métabolisme hépatique des canards mulards dans un contexte de protocole d'engraissement sans gavag
Légitimer l’action publique locale orientée vers les enjeux environnementaux par la promotion et la diffusion de l’information scientifique : le cas du Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique Littoral basque
No full textInternational audienceCette communication a pour objectif d’analyser en quoi la création et l’animation d’un dis-positif de promotion et de diffusion d’études scientifiques peut contribuer à la légitimation de l’action publique locale orientée vers les enjeux environnementaux. Elle s’appuie sur la littérature en management public centrée sur la notion de confiance, qui peut s’analyser comme un facteur de légitimation de l’action publique (Bouckaert, 2012), pour d’étudier la problématique suivante : En quoi la confiance interorganisationnelle au sein d’un réseau multi-acteurs visant à promouvoir et à diffuser l’information scientifique contribue-t-elle à la légitimation de l’action publique orientée vers les enjeux environnementaux, lors des différentes étapes de la vie du réseau
Benchmark Workshop on Selected Deep-Sea Fisheries Stocks (WKBDEEP)
No full textThe objective of this benchmark process was to propose and evaluate assessment methods and the data upon which they depend for the three stocks: Greater silver smelt in Division 5a and Subarea 14 (aru.27.5a14), Blue ling in Division 5a and Subarea 14 (bli.27.5a14), and Black scabbard fish in subareas 1, 2, 4-8, 10, and 14, and divisions 3.a, 9.a, and 12.b (bsf.27.nea). Greater silver smelt was previously assessed using Gadget (category 1) whereas blue ling and black scabbard fish using data limited methods (category 3).Landings, discards, survey data, and commercial catch and effort data for all stocks were extensively reviewed and collated during the data workshop. For all stocks, revisions were made to the data preparations and methodology behind the derivation of the stock biomass indices, stock and catch weights, maturity data and natural mortality. All the terms of reference were covered during the data workshop and an agreement was reached on the data for to use for an assessment, projections, and reference points of each stock reviewed.This was the first benchmark workshop for blue ling, while black scabbard fish and greater silver smelt were last benchmarked in 2013 and 2019 respectively. For all three stocks, considerable changes were made to the input data and assessment method, and consequently for reference points. For blue ling an age—length assessment model (Gadget) was developed, synthesizing available knowledge and data on the population dynamics. For greater silver smelt, SAM was proposed as an assessment method. The proposed assessment method for black scabbard fish is based on data limited methods (category 3). Sensitivity runs were conducted to investigate the sensitivity to key assumptions and the workshop reviewed and agreed on the final assessment method configuration.The workshop further reviewed and agreed on the methods used to calculate reference points and forecasts and on the proposed reference points for blue ling and greater silver smelt
Impacts of International Immigrants’ Capitals on Neo-Endogenous Rural Development in the French and Spanish Pyrenees
No full textInternational audienceAbstract This article examines the relationship between rural development and international immigration in the Pyrenees, highlighting a neo-endogenous approach that leverages immigration’s benefits. Grounded in a European-funded project, the research used qualitative methods and case studies in rural areas of the Girona and Huesca Pyrenees (Spain) and Pyrénées-Orientales (France), in a fieldwork conducted in 2022. Findings show that some immigrant entrepreneurs create small-scale businesses with limited economic impact, but enrich the cultural and social fabric, introducing new skills and ideas for addressing rural challenges. These immigrants particularly value local culture and landscapes, fostering sustainability and community. Despite limited institutional support, the article argues that international immigration can help build inclusive, resilient, and sustainable rural communities through local collaboration and diversity
Intra-salt deformation of K-Mg salt layers in diapiric structures, an analogue modelling approach
No full textInternational audienceK-Mg salts are one to six orders of magnitude less viscous than halite and therefore flow faster than other evaporites. However, their influence and deformation patterns in diapiric structures are poorly understood. Analogue models are useful for simulating salt deformation, but have never been used to model heterogeneous salt formations involving low-viscosity K-Mg salts. We have developed a new material, designated Glime, which has a near-Newtonian behavior over the range of experimental strain rates, and a viscosity one to two orders of magnitude lower than that of the silicone putty. The Glime allowed us to simulate K-Mg salt layers interbedded with halite (represented by silicone) in analogue models of passive diapirs that were X-ray scanned. The results show that K-Mg salt absorbs more deformation than halite, forming intrasalt pillows in the early stages of diapiric growth. During diapir development, K-Mg salts are radially redistributed at the diapir apex and/or intruded by the lower salt units, leading to their verticalization along the diapir flanks. Shearing and rapid flow within verticalized K-Mg salts cause them to enlarge and form bulges at layer pinch-outs, above which vortex flows may also form. Verticalized K-Mg salts also act as shear zones promoting the rise of the lower salt layers. The results provide first-order guidelines for predicting intra-salt diapiric deformation involving K-Mg rich salts and call for further experiments to enhance our understanding. These findings are critical for anticipating the challenges of drilling within diapiric structures and optimizing the development of salt caverns for green hydrogen storage
Deciphering the Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in the Control of Feed Intake in Rainbow Trout
No full textInternational audienceChaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) is a key lysosomal proteolytic pathway crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Dysfunction in this pathway has been implicated in various pathologies. While extensively studied in mammals, CMA was only recently identified in fish, paving the way for novel and evolutionary research perspectives.Our preliminary findings highlight a role for CMA in regulating feed intake (FI) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, RT), a fish species of significant importance to French aquaculture. Specifically, we first evidenced that starvation activated CMA activity in the hypothalamus. Building on the hypothalamus's critical role in controlling feeding behavior, we investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of a CMA-activating compound, CA77.1. Notably, this intervention resulted in a significant reduction in FI, suggesting CMA's involvement in appetite regulation.To explore the mechanisms behind these behavioral changes, we conducted a quantitative proteomic analysis of hypothalamic samples from the ICV-injected fish. The results suggest that CMA may regulate FI, at least in part, by controlling the availability of free amino acids in the hypothalamus via ribosomal protein degradation.To our knowledge, this is the first evidence linking CMA to the regulation of FI, representing a significant breakthrough in understanding the mechanisms underlying satiety control. These findings have important implications for both biomedical research and aquaculture, offering new insights into appetite regulation that could inform treatments for metabolic disorders, as well as opportunities to optimize feed efficiency and growth in aquaculture, benefiting fish health and industry sustainability.Moving forward, we aim to clarify the mechanisms involved in these ICV injections and determine whether the observed effects are also present in our knockout trout lines lacking one or both of the LAMP2A genes in this species
Harmonizing public debt and creating convergence clubs in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textInternational audienceThis article explores how public debt convergence clubs can enhance debt management and improve economic stability in African countries. Instead of focusing solely on geographical criteria, these clubs prioritize public debt rules and debt limitation, offering a promising strategy to tackle the challenges associated with debt sustainability in the region. The article explores the potential benefits, obstacles, and policy implications of such convergence clubs, stressing the importance of forming robust and stable groupings. Through a thorough examination of the relevant literature and empirical evidence, this study provides valuable insights into designing and implementing effective public debt convergence mechanisms for African nations. While no evidence of global convergence around debt was found, the existence of convergence clubs suggests a promising route for countries that share similar debt profiles rather than geographical, political, or ideological similarities. The research also highlights that stability and growth pacts have not resulted in global convergence but rather in the formation of convergence clubs
GIS multi-threat models for agricultural land in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region (France). A methodology of composite indicators to support targeted policies
No full textInternational audienceFood sovereignty is yet again a global and local priority. Nevertheless, the useful agricultural area continues to decrease. Land take is leading to increasing pressure on farmland, which is threatened by different phenomena –such as natural risks and demographic dynamics–. Farmland is therefore threatened by a number of different factors. A multi-criteria approach is needed to consider many factors and their interactions. Nevertheless, scientific understanding of the multi-threat approach is still limited when it comes to understanding the issue of agricultural land pressure. Thus, this research implements a multi-criteria evaluation workflow to develop multi-criteria models of land threat on agricultural land based on four composite indicators: land take, energy competitiveness, natural and anthropogenic hazards, and demographic decline. These indicators are synthetized in a global multi-criteria model of agricultural land pressure. The study area is the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Region, the largest French region with 9 functional urban areas and 1,597,720 agricultural plots (39,458.2 sq.km). This research is entirely based on open data according to the INSPIRE Directive, using Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS Pro). Results show high threat level in 242,525 plots (14.93 % of agricultural area) and very high levels in 380,202 plots (20.75 % of agricultural area). Land take and natural hazards definitively contribute to the threat level. The study reveals that plots under threat tend to be smaller than less threatened ones. Results can help local authorities develop targeted strategies to maintain the region's agricultural land and productive capacity. This contribution is scalable and replicable to other regions and countries