KREPOZIT (Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church)
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A kommunista hagyománypolitika kezdetei Magyarországon. Ideológia és hagyományértelmezés viszonya a KMP politikájában
No full textZwinglian–Calvinist Debate on Church Discipline in the Pays de Vaud
Get PDFThe article discusses a theological debate on church discipline between Calvinist pastors living in the French speaking territory of Pays de Vaud and the Zwinglian City-state of Berne from the mid-1530s to 1560. From 1536 Pays de Vaud be-longed to the Bernese protestant administration but consisted primarily of French refugee pastors allegiant to Calvin and his ideas. They Calvinists of Pays de Vaud questioned the civil magistrate’s right to interfere into church affairs especially into the practice of church discipline, such as exclusion from the Lord’s Supper and excommunication from the congregation. According to the Zwinglian establishment of Berne the right for exclusion and excommunication belonged to the civil magistrates. In the Calvinists’ view the appropriate administrator of the exclusion and excommunication was the Genevian-type consistory, consisting of both clerical and civilian elected members.Noteworthy significance can be attributed to the events in the Pays de Vaud. On the one hand, banished from Bernese territory most of the Calvinist pastors of Vaud were sent to reinforce the French underground evangelical movement. The Calvinists’ failure in the Pays de Vaud turned Calvin’s attention to France by which the Calvinism became a world phenomenon. On the other hand, from this struggle emerged a theological justification for the state’s supremacy over church affairs, namely by Wolfgang Musculus’ De Magis-tratibus. Interestingly, this justification played a more important role in later times than in the actual controversy: Thomas Erastus, the builder of the territorial state–church of the Palatinate, John Withgift, the archbishop of Canterbury and the protector of Tudor-Absolutism against the Puritans, and the Dutch Remon-strants all were influenced by the teaching of Musculus. The goal of this paper is to present how the two controversial sides regulated its church affairs and, in addition, to show the highpoint of the debate between Calvin’s Vaudois adherers and the Bernese Magistrate for the government of the church, especially for the right of excommunication
A defamatorikus bűncselekmények elméleti és gyakorlati megítélése a véleménynyilvánítási szabadság és az emberi méltósághoz való jog kontextusában
No full textJelen könyv a rágalmazással és a becsületsértéssel, valamint érintőlegesen az egyéb
defamatorikus deliktumokkal kapcsolatos szabályozással foglalkozik. Célja egyrészt annak
áttekintése, hogy milyen elméleti problémák vetődnek vagy vetődhetnek fel a szólásszabadságnak
a méltóság, illetve a becsület védelme érdekében történő, kriminális jellegű korlátozásai
során, másrészt annak felvázolása, hogy e problémákra milyen válaszok születtek és
születnek az ilyen jellegű korlátozásokat alkalmazó (jellemzően európai) államokban, ezen
belül is elsősorban Magyarországon. A könyv továbbá választ keres arra a kérdésre is, hogy
a strasbourgi Emberi Jogok Európai Bíróságának (EJEB) véleménynyilvánítási szabadsággal
kapcsolatos gyakorlata milyen követelményeket támaszt az európai államok defamatorikus
jogi szabályozásával szemben, illetve e követelmények mennyiben érvényesülnek ma az európai
országok büntető jogalkotási és jogalkalmazási praxisában.A kutatást támogatta a Nemzeti Média- és Hírközlési Hatóság Médiatanács Médiatudományi Intézete
Re-use and Modification of a Saff-tomb on the South Slope of el-Khokha, Thebes
No full textOn the el-Khokha hillock, in the central part of the Theban necropoleis, where the most ancient decorated tombs of the area are known, recent excavations have also pointed out saff-tombs with pillared façades. In one of these that can be dated to the First Intermediate Period or the early Middle Kingdom, not only a rich material of the original burial was found but later architectural
modifications could also be identified. More than a millennium later than the saff-tomb was constructed, new burial places were formed, among others a shaft tomb, and a part of the saff seems to have served as its superstructure. The intercolumnia of some of the pillars were blocked with mud brick walls and a new chamber was shaped, probably a cult chamber. After an earthquake, however this was also used as a burial chamber. These architectural modifications can be regarded as a special type of secondary burial places. The analysis of the mostly fragmentary and rather mixed material of the shaft tomb, which contained gilded faience amulets, Grecian amphorae and in situ finds as well, shows that the shaft tomb was used in several phases both during the Third Intermediate Period and the Late Period. This can also contribute to a more precise dating of the finds and the better understanding of the secondary architectural structures