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Analyzing public discourse of dementia from Spanish and English tweets: a comparative analysis with other neurological disorders.
No full text20.500.12530/87858Dementia comprise a broad spectrum of cognitive declines affecting 47 million people worldwide, with numbers projected to reach 131 million by 2050. Predominantly associated with older adults, dementia can also impact younger individuals, having a significant impact on daily functioning of the affected patients, relatives, caregivers and the socioeconomic system. Recent research underscores the utility of social media, particularly X (previously designed as Twitter), in understanding public perceptions and sentiments related to neurological disorders. Despite some initial studies have explored social perceptions of dementia in X, broader and deeper analysis of this condition is still warranted. In this retrospective study, we collected and examined all tweets posted in English or Spanish from 2007 to 2023 that mentioned dementia and compare the information with other highly representative neurological disorders like migraines, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or Parkinson's disease. We developed a codebook to analyze tweets, classifying them by themes such as trivialization, treatment perceptions, and etiopathogenesis. Manually categorized tweets trained machine learning models, BERTWEET for English and BETO for Spanish, which then classified larger datasets with high accuracy. Statistical analysis, including ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests, was conducted to explore linguistic and cultural differences in perceptions of neurological disorders, with results visualized. Our study reveals that dementia is by far the most frequently discussed neurological disorder on X. Likewise, this condition appears to be the most trivialized neurological disorder in Spanish tweets and the second most trivialized in English tweets, with notable differences in geolocation data. Additionally, we found significant differences in perceptions of dementia treatment and associated sentiments between Spanish and English tweets. Furthermore, our study identified varying perceptions of medical content (etiology) and non-medical content (positive/negative experiences and aid requests) related to dementia and other neurological disorders, unveiling a complex landscape of these topics on X. This study explores the importance of X as a social platform for addressing various critical issues related to dementia, comparing it with other neurological disorders in English and Spanish tweets. Future research could further investigate the valuable role of social media in understanding public perceptions and needs regarding dementia and neurological disorders among X users
Deep Learning-Based Estimation of Radiographic Position to Automatically Set Up the X-Ray Prime Factors.
No full text20.500.12530/87858Radiation dose and image quality in radiology are influenced by the X-ray prime factors: KVp, mAs, and source-detector distance. These parameters are set by the X-ray technician prior to the acquisition considering the radiographic position. A wrong setting of these parameters may result in exposure errors, forcing the test to be repeated with the increase of the radiation dose delivered to the patient. This work presents a novel approach based on deep learning that automatically estimates the radiographic position from a photograph captured prior to X-ray exposure, which can then be used to select the optimal prime factors. We created a database using 66 radiographic positions commonly used in clinical settings, prospectively obtained during 2022 from 75 volunteers in two different X-ray facilities. The architecture for radiographic position classification was a lightweight version of ConvNeXt trained with fine-tuning, discriminative learning rates, and a one-cycle policy scheduler. Our resulting model achieved an accuracy of 93.17% for radiographic position classification and increased to 95.58% when considering the correct selection of prime factors, since half of the errors involved positions with the same KVp and mAs values. Most errors occurred for radiographic positions with similar patient pose in the photograph. Results suggest the feasibility of the method to facilitate the acquisition workflow reducing the occurrence of exposure errors while preventing unnecessary radiation dose delivered to patients
Hypertension and Vascular Risk already has an impact factor. Now a new challenge begins.
No full textMonitoring of Home Respiratory Polygraphy During Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis Succeeded by LeFort I Osteotomy in Adult Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
No full textBilateral internal ramus distraction (BIRD) is now part of select protocols for treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Introducing a home monitoring protocol offers a valuable alternative to overnight laboratory polysomnography (PSG). The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare OSA parameters obtained via home respiratory polygraphy (HRP) and hospital PSG in a cohort of patients undergoing mandibular distraction for OSA management. Hospital Universitario La Princesa (Madrid) researchers conducted a prospective cohort study with patients diagnosed with moderate (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) = 15 to 30) to severe (AHI>30) OSA undergoing BIRD followed by LeFort maxillary osteotomy. Exclusion criteria were as follows: severe systemic diseases, central apneas, smoking, poor dental hygiene, or prior OSA interventions. The predictor variable was PSG and HRP techniques. The main outcome variable comprises a collection of OSA parameters, including the AHI, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and time spent below 90% oxygen saturation (T90). These data were measured both before and after distraction, as well as after 6 mm, 9 mm, and 12 mm of mandibular distraction. The covariates were age, sex, cardiovascular risk parameters, and the Epworth sleepiness scale. Pearson's correlation analyzed AHI, ODI, and T90 values from PSG and HRP. Wilcoxon Signed Rank-Sum Test compared 2 distraction stages, and the Friedman Test evaluated 3 stages (P The study included 32 patients (25% with moderate and 75% with severe OSA). Final AHI was 10.9 ± 8.9 (events/hour) with HRP, compared to 15.2 ± 13.4 with PSG (r = 0.7, P Monitoring BIRD through HRP has demonstrated efficacy in yielding results that align with PSG
Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to spondylodiscitis in Spanish children through the RIOPed network: evaluation before and after the publication of the national consensus document.
No full text20.500.12530/87858Pediatric spondylodiscitis (PSD) is an uncommon condition, for which there are no specific international clinical guidelines. Factors related to complications have not been stablished. Our aim was to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of PSD, to analyze factors associated with complications and to evaluate adherence to the recommendations of the Spanish National Consensus Document (NCD) for the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to acute osteoarticular infections. Ambispective, multicenter, national study of two PSD cohorts: historical (2008-2012) and prospective (2015-2020, after publication of NCD). Patients with diagnosis of PSD were included. Demographic, clinical, microbiological and radiological data were recorded. Factors related to the development of complications were analized by logistic regression. Comparisons between both cohorts were performed. Ninety-eight PSD were included. In 84.7%, diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Microbiological isolation was obtained in 6.1%, with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus as the main etiologic agent. Complications occurred in 18.9%, the most frequent being soft tissue abscess. Of the 8.6% of patients with sequelae, persistent pain was the most common. Comparing cohorts, there was better adherence to NCD treatment recommendations in the prospective one (57.6% vs. 12.9%, p The evolution of PSD in our series was favorable, with low frequency of complications and sequelae. The adherence to the recommendations of the NCD was high. Studies with larger sample size are needed to establish new recommendations to optimize the approach to these infections
Robotic surgery in stage IV rectal cancer: Ultra-low anterior resection with TTSS anastomosis and hepatectomy - A video vignette.
No full text20.500.12530/8791
Establishing Normal Serum Values of Neurofilament Light Chains and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Considering the Effects of Age and Other Demographic Factors in Healthy Adults.
No full text20.500.12530/87908Multiple studies have shown the importance of blood-based biomarkers indicating axonal damage (serum neurofilament light chains [sNfL]) or astroglia activation (serum glial fibrillary acidic protein [sGFAP]) for monitoring different neurological diseases. However, normal values of these variables remain to be clearly defined, partly due to the influence of different demographic factors. We investigated demographic differences in a cohort of healthy volunteers. A cross-sectional study was conducted including 116 healthy controls with ages between 18 and 69 years (67.5% females; n = 79). sNfL and sGFAP concentrations were measured using single-molecule arrays. Age and body mass index affected sNfL values, and age was found to be the most important factor. The normal values changed with age, and we established normal values for individuals younger than 45 years a
Preclinical validation of human recombinant glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
No full text20.500.12530/87857The blood enzyme glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) has been postulated as an effective therapeutic to protect the brain during stroke. To demonstrate its potential clinical utility, a new human recombinant form of GOT (rGOT) was produced for medical use. We tested the pharmacokinetics and evaluated the protective efficacy of rGOT in rodent and non-human primate models that reflected clinical stroke conditions. We found that continuous intravenous administration of rGOT within the first 8 h after ischemic onset significantly reduced the infarct size in both severe (30%) and mild lesions (48%). Cerebrospinal fluid and proteomics analysis, in combination with positron emission tomography imaging, indicated that rGOT can reach the brain and induce cytoprotective autophagy and induce local protection by alleviating neuronal apoptosis. Our results suggest that rGOT can be safely used immediately in patients suspected of having a stroke. This study requires further validation in clinical stroke populations
Author Correction: Detection of kinase domain mutations in BCR::ABL1 leukemia by ultra-deep sequencing of genomic DNA.
No full text20.500.12530/8787
Intraosseous Regional Administration of Vancomycin Prophylaxis for Primary and Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.
No full text20.500.12530/87857The advantages of prophylaxis with intraosseous regional administration (IORA) of vancomycin for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include the ability to deliver antibiotics directly to the surgical bed and avert systemic delivery; the ability to precisely time and quickly administer vancomycin to achieve the highest concentrations at the beginning and throughout the surgical procedure; and the ability to avert several common and potentially serious adverse effects of intravenous vancomycin. Indications for IORA of vancomycin prophylaxis include the following clinical scenarios: revision TKA; obesity; diabetes; beta-lactam allergy; known colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); individuals coming from institutions with a high MRSA incidence; previous ligamentous surgical procedure or osteotomy; current or recent smokers; in the primary TKA setting if the individual is considered high-risk as defined by the criteria above; and during reimplantation following 2-stage exchange for PJI