Riviste Online SApienza - R.O.SA - 2 (Sapienza University of Rome)
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Phyllodes diversipalpus resurrected from taxonomic extinction (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Get PDFMorphological evidence supporting the validity of Phyllodes diversipalpus sp. rev. from New Guinea is provided. This species is only superficially similar to P. eyndhovii and P. staudingeri and, having been associated with either of the two, was eventually wrongly subsumed under the latter
Non-native insect pests from the Madeira Archipelago (Portugal): new records and further data (Insecta: Orthoptera; Thysanoptera; Hemiptera; Coleoptera; Diptera; Lepidoptera; Hymenoptera)
Get PDFIn this study, the results of recent surveys on non-native insect pests from the Madeira Archipelago are reported. Overall, 13 non-native species were recorded: Tessellana tessellata (Charpentier) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), Gynaikothrips ficorum (Marchal) (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Hemiptera, Coreidae), Macrohomotoma gladiata Kuwayama (Hemiptera, Homotomidae), Platycorypha nigrivirga Burckhardt and Cacopsylla fulguralis (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera, Psyllidae), Greenidea ficicola Takahashi (Hemiptera, Aphididae), Aloephagus myersi Essig (Hemiptera, Pemphigidae), Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Coccidae), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera, Dryophthoridae), Phytoliriomyza jacarandae Steyskal and Spencer (Diptera, Agromyzidae), Lantanophaga pusillidactylus (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae), and Josephiella microcarpae Beardsley and Rasplus (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae). Particularly, T. tessellata, L. occidentalis, M. gladiata, P. jacarandae, and J. microcarpae are reported for the first time from the island of Madeira. L. occidentalis is also reported for the first time from the island of Porto Santo. For P. jacarandae this is the first record from Macaronesia, while for M. gladiata this is the first record also for Portugal. Most of these species are associated with allochthonous plants. Details on current distributions, host plants, biological remarks, and natural enemies are given for each species
Hydrogeological characterization and groundwater vulnerability to pollution assessment of the high Basento River Valley carbonate hydrostructure (Basilicata, Southern Italy)
Get PDFThe High Basento River Valley, located in the centralwestern sector of the Basilicata region (southern Italy), is a productive carbonate hydrostructure of the Lucanian Apennines, which represents a strategic water resource for drinking purposes. Huge discharges, quantified at about 10 Mm3/y, flow from several exploited springs afferent to the groundwater system, many other springs are not picked up, even if characterized by a considerable amount of water. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding in the hydrogeological features of the aquifer system through performing geostructural field surveys finalized to define the effective hydraulic fracture permeability and the equivalent permeability of the carbonate hydrostructure. Furthermore, the application of an inverse hydrogeological water balance method to evaluate the effective recharge amount and the intrinsic vulnerability assessment of the hydrogeological basin were also performed. The purpose of these investigations was to obtain a detailed understanding of the carbonate hydrostructure, which may be useful in order to define integrated action criteria and safeguard strategies for the effective protection and sustainable management of groundwater resources
3D surveynmodelling for damage assessment in rubble-mound breakwaters under oblique wave incidence
Get PDFSeveral authors have proposed guidelines on how to consider the effects of oblique waves on the stability of armour layers of rubble-mound breakwaters. Especially for very oblique waves, for which the increase in stability is the largest, limited data are available. Under the scope of the HYDRALAB+ transnational access project “RODBreak”, experiments were conducted in a tank at the Marienwerder facilities of the Leibnitz University Hannover (LUH), comprising measurements of sea waves, run-up, overtopping and armour layer damage of a rubble-mound breakwater under oblique extreme wave conditions. This paper focuses on the analysis of damage evolution of the breakwater roundhead subject to these conditions, on the novelty of the non-intrusive survey methodologies and on the advance in knowledge on roundhead stability
Fertility and well-being in the Italian regions
Get PDFWe analyse the association between fertility rates and well-being in the Italian regions in the period 2012-2017. Wellbeing is measured by the indicators of Equitable and Sustainable Well-being (BES), collected by ISTAT since 2013 with the aim of evaluating the economic, social and environmental development of the society through measurement of citizens’ life quality. We expect that the regions performing better in terms of well-being conditions are also those with the highest levels of fertility. Both graphical and panel data regression analyses support our main hypothesis, but also reveal that in different clusters of regions the intensity and direction of the relationship significantly change. Our results also stress the need of taking the different domains of well-being into account while explaining reproductive behaviour of resident population at territorial level
Extreme floods in Central Jordan: frequency analysis
Get PDFThis research aims at analyzing the frequency and duration distribution of extreme floods, including flash, in the Wala catchment - Central Jordan. The observed daily flows series, October 2002 to August 2016, was short to characterize extreme events like the 10th of November 2018 deadly flash flood. Therefore, a very long series of intermittent daily flows was synthesized assuming that the daily flow-nonflow process is stationary two-state simple Markov and the daily flow magnitude is Gamma distributed. The synthesized flows have succeeded to copy the characteristics of the observed flows. The analysis of the Wala observed, simulated daily flows and results from the theoretical model showed that floods of duration 2 days or less were dominant events (64%); the single day type was more often (40%) compared to the 2 days flood (24%). Regarding the 10th of November 2018 deadly flash flood of 10.368MCM/day, the inspection of the synthesized daily flows showed that it was an uncommon incident of 78 years recurrence time. Afforestation the upper regions in the Wala catchment and construction of counter terracing are possible measures to mitigate the impact of future flash floods
Sensitivity analysis of existing exponential empirical formulas for pore pressure distribution inside breakwater core using numerical modeling
Get PDFA series of numerical experiments were carried out to perform a sensitivity analysis for existing exponential empirical formulas for pore pressure distribution inside the breakwater core. The Forchheimer equation was solved using a CFD modeling (Flow-3D) along with the official license from the Flow Science, Inc. Pore pressure field observations of Zeebrugge breakwater core were used to calibrate the numerical model. Results of sensitivity analysis represented the wave period as an effective parameter on wave-induced pore pressure inside the rubble mound breakwater core and a sensitive parameter for empirical formulas hile other wave parameters like wave height and water depth did not stimulate the formulas sensitivity
Analysis of the incident sea - waves in the Rodbreak experiment
Get PDFThe RODBreak experiment aimed at characterizing wave run-up, overtopping and damage in rubble-mound breakwaters with oblique wave incidence. a stretch of a rubble-mound breakwater was built in the wave basin of the Leibniz Universität Hannover. Under extreme wave conditions, with different incident wave angles (from 40° to 90°), a total of 49 tests were performed. Each test had different testing parameters, such as significant wave height (Hs), peak period (Tp) and wave direction. Also, for each test, different types of measurements were considered. This paper presents the results of processing some of the wave data measured in this experiment. After this chapter of introduction, there is a brief description of the scale model tests, focusing on the measurements made. It describes the techniques employed to analyze the measured wave data as well as the results of such processing. Some conclusions on the characteristics of the sea-waves generated in this experiment are also drawn
Systematics and biology of the Ichnestomina, including new genera and species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae)
Get PDFThe subtribe Ichnestomina, endemic to southern Africa, exhibits a suite of plesiomorphic features that reflects a particularly old evolutionary age among the Goliathini. Sexual dimorphism is extreme and females are generally brachypterous and unable to fly. Also, adult stages do not feed, and therefore remain active for only a few days after emerging from the soil, devoting all their energy reserves to reproduction. Consequently, populations are range-bound to small areas, often completely isolated on high mountain peaks or ridges, leading to rapid speciation. Results of recent investigations and historical data are hereby combined to provide an updated and revised structure of the systematics of this subtribe. As a result, four genera are now recognised in place of the perceived uniformity earlier expressed with much reservation by Holm (1992). This involves the rehabilitation of the original name of Gariep Gory and Percheron, 1833, to accommodate species with fully winged and flying females as well as elongate and incision-free dorsal lobes of parameres (Gariep patera and G. perstriata. It is further proposed that the genus Ichnestoma Gory and Percheron, 1833 be restricted to species with moderate female brachyptery and males with cretaceous markings on their body surface. Consequently, two new genera are erected (Karooida gen. nov., Mzansica gen. nov.) and four species-complexes (Ichnestoma cuspidata, I. albomaculata, Mzansica nasula and M. luridipennis), are added in order to account for key differences among species, including degree of female brachyptery (wing:elytron length ratio), presence/absence of cretaceous markings, aedeagal structure and biogeographic distribution. Eleven new species (Ichnestoma carbonaria sp. nov., I. dealbata sp. nov., I. furcata sp. nov., I. karoominoris sp. nov., I. spatulata sp. nov., Karooida balli sp. nov., K. sagittata sp. nov., Mzansica botswanica sp. nov., M. clarki sp. nov., M. denticulata sp. nov., M. falcipata sp. nov.) are added to the 13 species and three subspecies currently recognised in this subtribe. The three subspecies are elevated to species status (Ichnestoma cochleata stat. nov., I. fuscipennis stat. nov., Karooida kikvorsti comb. et stat. nov.). The diagnostic characters of each taxon are described along with all available knowledge on the habitat characteristics and general biology of each species
Proposal for a time-based standard sampling method for the monitoring of Gomphus flavipes (Charpentier, 1825) and Ophiogomphus cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785) (Odonata: Gomphidae)
Get PDFMonitoring of conservation status is an obligation arising from Article 11 of the Habitats Directive for all species of community interest. However, the development of monitoring methods for invertebrate species has received relatively little attention. Gomphus flavipes (Charpentier, 1825) and Ophiogomphus cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785) are two dragonfly species, listed in the annexes of the Habitats Directive, which suffered severe declines in the last century and have since recovered. Methods for the monitoring of these two gomphids have been proposed, but these have not been extensively tested and no abundance classes have been proposed for the evaluation of the conservation status of these species. A time-based standard sampling method is proposed for both species and results from numerous sites in Lombardy, northern Italy, are presented. Applying the standard method revealed that it is common for rivers that high water levels preclude sampling of exuviae through the summer and it is better to allow for two seasons when planning the monitoring. A further result is the fact that it was not always possible to sample the same stretches as the dynamic nature of the rivers and fluctuations in water level lead to some river banks becoming unsuitable for sampling during some visits. In these cases the time-based approach was advantageous, as the method did not need to be modified in response to the original bank section becoming unsuitable