Riviste Online SApienza - R.O.SA - 2 (Sapienza University of Rome)
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Corruption and market competition. From macro to micro: a critical review
Full text linkThis study critically reviews the relationship between corruption and competition, offering a unique perspective compared to previous reviews by examining theoretical assumptions, observation units, and data over different periods. The research identifies four major periods, beginning with the 1960s and development theory when corruption is “grease in the wheel”. The second period, starting in the 1990s, adopts an institutionalist approach, viewing corruption as rent-seeking. The third period focuses on objective measures at the regional level and the last on microlevel analysis. The review highlights differences in findings based on space scale and lack of research on time trends with respect to differences in levels. The study emphasizes the importance of extendible measures and definitions, especially at the local level. Ultimately, it suggests critical tools and open research questions for future analysis aimed at identifying and combating corruption more effectively
Introduzione
Full text linkQuesto volume vede la luce in un periodo di grande regressione politica e culturale. In Europa prevalgono i nazionalismi e anche in Italia si torna a parlare di difesa delle radici e di identità nazionale. Nel contempo, dalle periferie del mondo, masse sempre più consistenti di disperati cercano un’alternativa alla propria condizione fuggendo verso paesi che non sono disposti ad accoglierli. Eppure, molto del benessere economico del quale gode una minima percentuale della popolazione mondiale si deve all’immigrazione, ai movimenti di popoli che dalle periferie hanno portato con sé cultura e idee, inventiva e ingegno. Pochi però sono disposti ad ammetterlo
Geografie della memoria. La Shoah tra centri catalizzatori e periferie sommerse
Full text linkThe Vernichtungslagern, real places, but “humanly and ethically impossible to conceive” as defined by Georges Didi-Huberman, have produced a centripetal force capable of conditioning and reshaping the role of any other element necessary for the creation of public discourse on the Holocaust. This essay aims to critically analyze the relationship between these sites and the human specimens found in anatomical collections used for educational purposes until a few decades ago, preserved by institutions that participated in medical experimentation on victims during the Nazi period and actively contributed to their deaths. Conceivable as submerged sites, carriers of unexpected hybrid memories that are certainly external to the official discourse, these findings challenge the institutional narrative and alter the geographical network of Holocaust memory, fragmenting it and establishing complex and uncomfortable connections between the centres and peripheries they represent
Zoogeographic distribution and host plant relationships of Coccidae species in the Fergana valley, eastern Uzbekistan (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha)
No full textThis study investigates the zoogeographic distribution, ecological characteristics, and host plant associations of soft scale insects (family Coccidae) in the Fergana Valley, which includes the Andijan, Fergana, and Namangan regions of eastern Uzbekistan. Field surveys conducted during the vegetation season yielded a total of 12 species identified based on morphology and georeferenced sampling. Zoogeographic analysis revealed that 66.7% of the species are cosmopolitan, 25% are endemic to the Palearctic region, and 8.3% are distributed across multiple regions. In total, more than 25 host plants belonging to 13 plant families were recorded. These findings provide valuable insights for pest monitoring and integrated management strategies in Central Asia
Engineering-geological and geophysical surveys for archaeological risk assessment in view of mitigation measures at Aegina Kolonna, Greece
No full textThe archaeological site of Aegina Kolonna, a prominent cultural heritage landmark in Greece, is increasingly threatened by geological hazards, including coastal erosion, seismic activity, and slope instabilities. The progressive retreat of the calcarenite sea cliffs has already led to the loss of unexcavated historical remains, posing a severe risk to the site’s longterm preservation. Within the framework of the TRIQUETRA (Toolbox for assessing and mitigating Climate Change risks and natural hazards threatening cultural heritage) European Project, an interdisciplinary approach that integrates engineeringgeological, geophysical, and archaeological investigations has been adopted to assess site vulnerability and implement targeted mitigation strategies. A comprehensive geological survey identified the primary factors driving cliff instability, while ambient seismic noise measurements helped characterize the subsurface conditions and assess local seismic amplification effects. The structural stability of key archaeological elements, such as the last standing column of the Apollo Temple, was also evaluated, revealing resonance frequencies in the range 5-8 Hz, which may influence its seismic vulnerability. In addition to hazard assessment, the TRIQUETRA project focuses on heritage conservation of this site, particularly of the northeastern prehistoric settlement. Past restoration efforts relied on cement-based mortars, which have deteriorated over time, leading to structural instability. To address this, new interventions include detailed documentation, the replacement of degraded materials with lime-based mortars, partial backfilling to stabilize exposed foundations, and the implementation of long-term monitoring strategies. These measures aim to enhance structural resilience while adhering to international heritage conservation guidelines. This study underscores the necessity of a holistic approach to cultural heritage management, demonstrating how scientific research and restoration practices can be integrated to mitigate geological and environmental risks and ensure the sustainable preservation of archaeological sites
From rearing to spreading: ecological constraints and distribution patterns of Carausius morosus (Sinéty, 1901) (Phasmatodea: Lonchodidae)
No full textBased on available data on the occurrence of Carausius morosus (Sinéty, 1901) and its subsequent graphical processing into map outputs, it was possible to identify basic ecological requirements responsible for its spread beyond its original Indian range. Despite considerable adaptability, certain factors significantly limit the spread of the stick insect in several regions and currently represent insurmountable barriers to its further advance. The species shows a clear link to warm, humid areas with subtropical and tropical climates, providing a framework for understanding its possible future dispersal
Reply to the Comment of V. Festa et al. (DOI: 10.4408/IJEGE.2024-02.O-01) on the article “Engineering-geological insights into the gypsum-bearing deposits of Punta delle Pietre nere (Puglia Region, Italy)” (DOI: 10.4408/IJEGE.2024-01.S-05)
No full textReply to the Comment of Vincenzo Festa, Gerardo Romano, Agata Siniscalchi & Simona Tripaldi (IJEGE, 2 (2024): 5-7, DOI: 10.4408/IJEGE.2024-02.O-01) on the Article “Engineering-geological insights into the gypsum-bearing deposits of Punta delle Pietre nere (Puglia Region, Italy)” (IJEGE, Special Issue 1 (2024): 39-45, DOI : 10.4408/IJEGE.2024-01.S-05
Floods and siltation in some auresian watersheds (East of Algeria)
No full textThis study showed the evolution of siltation and flooding in two watersheds of the Aures massif (Labiod and Chemora) which are located in the east of Algeria. according to a comparative approach which takes into account the comparison of bathymetric surveys and the calculations carried out by empirical formulas widely used in Algeria. The hydroclimatic regime of torrential rains and flow, particularly during autumn and spring, produces violent floods loaded with sediments contributing to accelerated siltation of the Foum Elgherza dam, however the Timgad dam shows relatively low siltation. In addition, it is noted that the Wadi Labiod basin produced an average specific solid transport of 980 t/km2/y while the Chemora watershed produced an erosion of 670 t/km2/y. It is observed that F. Orth’s model gives results close and comparable to those obtained by bathymetric surveys, which qualifies this model to be applicable in similar climatic, physical and lithological conditions. Siltation can be divided into two classes according to F. Orth’s model: a high alluvial phase prevailed during the first ten years of operation, with rapid siltation of less than 7.53 hm3 for the Foum El Gherza basin and less than 2.55 hm3 for the Koudiat Mdouar dam; a low siltation phase began from the 10th year of operation up to 25 years, with siltation occurring relatively regularly, recording approximately 5 hm3 of siltation every 7 years for the Foum El Gherza dam and 2.2 hm3 every 7 years for the Koudiat Mdouar Dam
Thermal properties variations in alluvial sediments of the Po River (Northern Italy)
No full textThis work aims to highlight the possible influence of grain size, porosity, bulk density, and water content on thermal conductivity and to investigate possible empirical relationships. To achieve this goal, we created an experimental laboratory based on the guarded hot plate method to measure the thermal conductivity of unconsolidated materials. Loose sedimentary deposits were selected from Po Valley (Italy), while the clastic component was separated into standard size ranges and each class tested separately. This allowed us to relate thermal conductivity and grain size while taking into account also other petro-physical parameters. In order to obtain the widest possible granulometric spectrum, investigated samples are in the range from fine pebbles to very fine sand (-3 < φ < +4). These materials were also analysed to identify the present mineral phases. Thermally tests were conducted at different water saturation degrees. The results were processed using statistical techniques and compared with literature data and empirical equations