Riviste Online SApienza - R.O.SA - 2 (Sapienza University of Rome)
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Clypeogethes elongatus (Rosenhauer, 1856) in Sardinia (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Meligethinae)
Get PDFClypeogethes elongatus (Rosenhauer, 1856) is a pollen-beetle species occurring in SW Mediterranean areas, from Southern Iberian Peninsula to most of the North Africa; this uncommon species was thus far known from Italy only from the Pantelleria Island (southern Sicily). Recent researches in SW Sardinia allowed to find a small relic population of this species in Cagliari (San Michele hill), where it is certainly associated with early-flowering Brassicaceae, on chalk based rocks
Housing tenure trajectories and health: reflections on a research gap
Get PDFPrevious research has documented better physical and mental health among homeowners than among renters and individuals living in other housing tenures, presumably because homeownership contributes to a better quality of the built environment, reinforces pre-existing socio-economic advantages, and alleviates house-related stress by providing a sense of “ontological security”. To date, most of the research on homeownership and health has been conducted in a cross-sectional manner, while studies adopting longitudinal and life-course perspectives are rare. This research note discusses potential research developments to fill this gap, building on the theoretical framework of life-course epidemiology, with a specific focus on the European context
La Rivoluzione militare in Francia: recezione e attualità della tesi
Get PDFThis article reconstructs the various stages in the debate on the concept of military revolution within the French historiography of the second half of the twentieth century. It spans a period from the initial distrust of Lucien Febvre and Fernand Braudel to the gradual dissemination of Roberts and Parker’s innovative thesis. Despite certain errors, which in our opinion were not accidental, the concept of the ‘military revolution’ was widely discussed in France as elsewhere, and effectively accepted, despite the numerous criticisms levelled at it
What Military Revolution? On the Revision of a Eurocentric Concept
Get PDFLa rivoluzione militare è un concetto superato e antiquato, nato in un\u27epoca eurocentrica in cui gli sviluppi al di fuori della sfera d\u27influenza europea erano difficilmente considerati importanti per il processo storico. Nell\u27articolo presentato si sostiene la necessità di rivedere, se non addirittura di abolire, questo concetto teorico antiquato e più che superato. Inoltre, vengono presentati alcuni punti critici che rendono evidente che tali narrazioni eurocentriche non dovrebbero più trovare posto all\u27interno della ricerca storica critica e della sua ambizione di spiegare la formazione e il funzionamento di un mondo globalizzato
Formazione politica e pratica dei negotii: il soggiorno in Spagna del cardinale Girolamo Colonna (1620-1627)
Get PDFIn 1620, at the age of only sixteen, Girolamo Colonna was sent to Spain by his father, Filippo I Colonna, to complete his studies in utroque iure at the Complutensian University of Alcalà de Henares. Here the young scion of the Roman family was supposed to complete his training, prepare for a curial career and “farsi abile al real servicio di sua Maestà”. Through the extensive documentationof the Colonna Archive and above all through the correspondence of Girolamo Colonna, a fundamental period for the development of the future cardinal’s personality and career is explored. The contribution therefore intends to reconstruct the years of the cardinal’s training and the complex negotiations that will lead to his appointment as cardinal with particular attention to the analysis of the articulations of multiple loyalties, to Girolamo’s relationship with his family of origin and to the complex relationships entertained with the Spanish and Italian elites
Preliminary evaluation of geoelectrical methods for the quantification of volumetric block proportion (vbp) of mélanges
No full textChaotic rock units (including mélanges, broken formations and complex formations) represent some of the most challenging rock masses for technical characterization. The most commonly accepted methods for the parametrization of mechanical properties in these rocks require the quantification of the percentage of rock blocks on the total volume of the rock mass (i.e. the Volumetric Block Proportion – VBP). Traditional methods for the quantification of VBP are often time consuming and expansive, requiring a large number of accessible outcrops and/or drilling boreholes. In this study, we propose an alternative methodology for the estimation of VBP based on indirect (geo-electrical) measures. We considered chaotic units with soft clay-rich (low resistivity) matrix and hard (high resistivity) blocks. In these conditions, geoelectrical surveys are suited for the quantification of matrix percentage. In order to evaluate the applicability of geoelectrical techniques in this context, we realized 31 simulations, following a Monte Carlo stochastic approach. The good direct relationship between VBP and modeled electrical conductivity confirms the suitability of the ERT methodology for the estimation of VBP in chaotic units
The impact of very slow moving gravitative slope deformations on infrastructures: the case study of the Bridge of Ginosa
No full textSlow and very slow-moving landslides are quite common in Italy and in zone of recent tectonic uplift, in particular in clayey or sandy-clayey slopes. These landslides are not easy to be detected, since their extremely slow movements do not apparently produce effects. However, whereas structures or infrastructures exist and are stressed by slow landslides, their impacts can damage the structures/infrastructures. Bridges are valuable infrastructures, potentially threatened by slow moving landslides. Bridges can warp if stressed, but their resilience is limited. Therefore, the progressive and constant increasing of the stress due to slow landslides can cause failures of the bridges, and potentially collapses. In Italy, a large part of the bridges was built or rebuilt just after the WWII. These infrastructures are now aged and whereas slow moving landslides exist, they are suffering potentially dangerous stresses. This work focuses on a peculiar case study of a little bridge built between 1940 and 1947, located in south Italy, stressed and damaged by a slow-moving landslide
Natural and anthropogenic risks: proposal for an interdisciplinary glossary
No full textIn the past few years, Italy has been ravaged by catastrophic events of natural or anthropogenic origin. These events have highlighted, once again, the need to take prevention measures in order to mitigate the damage that similar future events could inflict on the Italian social and economic system. As the costs of these measures might be very high, available resources should be allocated carefully, assigning priority to areas with the highest potential risk. Therefore, estimating the potential damage caused by events expected both in the near future and on a longer timescale in a reliable way might be an important tool for pursuing an effective prevention policy. The growing diversification and extent of urbanised areas and economic activities make the estimation of the above effects increasingly complex. Hence, reliance should be made on a combination of disciplines that may be very different from or that have often developed independently of one another over the years. However, this combination has resulted in discrepancies in methodological approaches, which have impaired the effectiveness of communication to the authorities in charge of prevention policies. This document proposes a common way through which the scientific community may present its arguments and express its opinions about risks at the request of policymakers. In particular, the document proposes the use of a glossary with a view to overcoming “language” barriers among the various disciplines and defining a common lexicon. The document is organised as follows. The second section provides an overview of the rationale for a common terminology and the features that it should have, explaining its logical structure and normative purpose. Section 3 defines the concept of risk analysis in simple terms, highlighting the possible ambiguities associated with this concept that need further insights. Section 4 proposes a formalisation of the logical process to be followed in carrying out assessments and expressing opinions on various risks. This section also deals, in general terms, with the main items of information considered and their mutual relations. Section 5 presents the glossary, i.e. a list of terms, their definitions, and, where necessary, their application contexts. Finally, a short list of references used in the document is provided
Evaluation of the applicability of sediment transport models to dam filling prediction in different Italian geological contexts
No full textArtificial reservoirs are crucial infrastructures, since they allow for the management of the water resource they store and for their role in the hydroelectric production. Water is modulated and stored inside artificial basins built upstream of the dams for hydroelectric, industrial, drinking, irrigation, and flood mitigation purposes. However, as time passes, the deposition of solid material, transported by rivers flowing into the reservoir, reduces its storage capacity. In this work, a novel physicallybased erosion and sediment transport model developed by Politecnico di Milano (SMART-SED) is used to estimate dam filling in different Italian geological contexts. The present model differs from others in the literature since it can automatically detect drainage zones and it works at a basin scale, requiring few input parameters that can be easily downloaded from global or government databases. Moreover, it is based on robust and unconditionally stable numerical techniques, and it guarantees the mass conservation. The proposed model was applied to four watersheds, two in the Southern Alps and two in the Southern Apennines, with catchment areas ranging from 5 to 48 km2. After the model calibration on the local geological context, a validation of the obtained results was accomplished considering different time intervals and the available sediment filling data. It was observed that the SMART-SED model, initially developed for the evaluation of fluvial hazard and of sediment transport in mountainous areas, was also suitable for the estimation of dam filling. Results indeed show a precise approximation of the order of magnitude of the cumulative sediment volume produced inside the catchments and transported to the water basins. In the framework of a complex problem affecting the production of “clean” energy in a changing world, SMART-SED could become a useful tool also for dam management