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Search for a heavy pseudoscalar Higgs boson decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs boson and a Z boson in final states with two tau and two light leptons in proton-proton collisions at TeV
No full textA search for a heavy pseudoscalar Higgs boson, A, decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs boson h and a Z boson is presented. The h boson is identified via its decay to a pair of tau leptons, while the Z boson is identified via its decay to a pair of electrons or muons. The search targets the production of the A boson via the gluon-gluon fusion process, gg → A, and in association with bottom quarks,. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of TeV. Constraints are set on the product of the cross sections of the A production mechanisms and the A → Zh decay branching fraction. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level ranges from 0.049 (0.060) pb to 1.02 (0.79) pb for the gg → A process and from 0.053 (0.059) pb to 0.79 (0.61) pb for the process in the probed range of the A boson mass, mA, from 225 GeV to 1 TeV. The results of the search are used to constrain parameters within the benchmark scenario of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. Values of tan β below 2.2 are excluded in this scenario at 95% confidence level for all mA values in the range from 225 to 350 GeV
Exploring co-design processes of epistemic game scenarios to support teacher professional identity development
No full textThis study investigated how different co-design partners engaged in the co-design process while developing two epistemic game scenarios designed to support professional identity development in teacher education. Using a participatory design research framework, the study examined the co-design process of these two game scenarios. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, online video recordings of co-design sessions and whole-class discussions, open-ended questionnaires, and researcher field notes. Reflexive thematic analysis was used for data analysis, and convenience and purposeful sampling methods were employed for participant recruitment. Findings highlight that the co-design process provides significant learning opportunities for all team members by breaking down traditional roles, fostering collaborative and mutual learning, and integrating diverse stakeholder perspectives. Pre-service teachers primarily took on ‘user’ and ‘tester’ roles, while teacher educators and in-service teachers assumed ‘informant’ roles. Although participants’ roles evolved and diversified throughout the co-design process, deeper engagement should be actively facilitated to ensure a more effective co-design experience
Experimental characterization and multi-scale modeling of two-dimensional woven composites
No full textWhat characterizes the language instruction in homogeneous and heterogeneous preparatory classes for refugee and migrant children in monolingual school contexts? A comparative case study from Türkiye and Germany Was kennzeichnet den Sprachunterricht in homogenen und heterogenen Vorbereitungsklassen für geflüchtete und Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund in monolingualen Schulkontexten? Eine vergleichende Fallstudie aus der Türkei und Deutschland
No full textAn ideal instructional landscape would allow every student to learn in a language they speak and understand well; however, achieving this goal remains challenging. Preparatory classes in public schools play a pivotal role in providing structured exposure to the destination languages for refugee and migrant children in receiving countries. In this study, I compare the language instruction microsystem in homogeneous (refugee-only) and heterogeneous (mixed-migrant) preparatory classes in lower-secondary education institutions in Türkiye and Germany, with Istanbul and Hamburg as illustrative cases. The study draws on 21 semi-structured interviews with teachers and classroom observation field notes. Instructional strategies and challenges in homogeneous and heterogeneous language preparatory classes revealed similar patterns. The language barrier, commonly identified as the usual suspect, inevitably shapes the instructional trajectory in the early phases of language immersion. Using a diverse linguistic repertoire in the classroom is sporadic, indicating a missed opportunity. The need to establish a learning environment conducive to deliberate differentiated instruction is apparent. While individual student work within a whole class instruction format is a prevalent instruction characteristic in the Istanbul case, the Hamburg case presents a promising environment for differentiated instruction, albeit still configured primarily as isolated individual work. Nevertheless, the greater degree of autonomy in Hamburg public schools—coupled with a language-as-resource perspective and abundant material resources—provides heightened flexibility for teachers and offers scope for further improvement. On the other hand, the rigid monolingual habitus in Istanbul, coupled with a language-as-problem perspective, less integration experience, and limited resources, exacerbates the instruction landscape
Material Characterization Based on Capacitive and Dielectric Properties for Waste Recycling
No full textThis paper outlines the development process for a capacitive sensing technique used to detect the material of an object placed in the sensor field. The sensor operates by detecting small capacitive changes due to the variations in material dielectric properties, which can be measured and used to determine the type of material. The proposed use case is in recycling plants and devices that depend heavily on material classification for the segregation of trash. This work highlights the feasibility of employing such a sensor and the possibility of utilizing it to classify material types
Light-based fiber optic integrated dynamic laboratory model developed for landslide monitoring
No full textFiber sensors have gained prominence among various measurement techniques for monitoring landslides due to their environmental adaptability, real-time data capabilities, and potential use in early warning systems. This study presents a laboratory-scale landslide monitoring system that utilizes optical fiber cables to detect deformations caused by any triggered mechanism. A landslide simulator was constructed on a shaking table to simulate dynamic sliding conditions. To evaluate the deformation sensitivity, fiber optic cables with diameters of 2, 3, and 4.5 mm were configured in the simulator, and a Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyzer (BOTDA) was used to acquire distributed microstrain (mu epsilon) data along the fiber length. Subsequently, linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) were integrated into the system to correlate deformations on a metric scale, verifying fiber optical readings. Correlation analyses between microstrain and metric measurements yielded novel empirical equations for estimating measurement sensitivity (mu epsilon to mm) with high accuracy (R-2 = 0.73-0.87). Furthermore, finite element analyses (FEA) were conducted with a real-time earthquake record to verify the reliability of the dynamic deformation responses. The maximum deformation observed in the FEA (1.38 cm) corresponded closely with the LVDT measurements (1.08 and 1.14 cm) obtained from the landslide simulator, thereby validating the sensor's reliability. The study validates an experimental and numerical framework for selecting fiber-optic cables in landslide monitoring. The findings confirm the sensitivity of fiber-optic cables in laboratory-based landslide monitoring and offer a practical methodology to guide future field implementations of early warning systems
High Altitude Balloon-Radiation Monitoring and Test Platform YİB: Design and Flight Results
No full textUnderstanding atmospheric radiation is essential for evaluating both natural and human-induced effects on Earth's environment. The YİB high-altitude balloon platform is designed to measure radiation up to an altitude of 38 km to collect data with high statistics for atmospheric research and environmental monitoring. Three YİB development models have been developed and flown so far. The final design, YİB-2, is equipped with a Geiger-Müller counter and a scintillator based detector for radiation detection, environmental sensors - including pressure, IMU, humidity, and temperature gauges - and a telemetry system that enables real-time data acquisition and transmission throughout the ascent and descent to and from the stratosphere. YİB models also allow for CubeSats and satellite components to be tested in a near space environment at altitudes reaching 38 km. The platform includes a parachute that deploys upon balloon burst, GNSS tracking, and SMS messaging during the final descent phase, ensuring efficient payload recovery. This paper presents the design of the latest YİB model YİB-2 and an analysis of the data collected from its flight
Investigating High School Students’ Mathematics Attitude, Self-Efficacy, and Anxiety Regarding Gender and Grade Level
No full textThe present study investigated high school Turkish students’ mathematics attitudes, self-efficacy, and anxiety in terms of their gender and grade level, and the association among those elements. For the purpose of investigating distinctions in attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety regarding gender and grade level, one-way ANOVAs and independent sample t-tests were carried out, respectively. Also, the Pearson product-moment correlation was utilized to examine the connection among students’ mathematics attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety. The findings showed that while students' attitudes and anxiety scores in mathematics did not differ by gender, significant differences existed in their mathematics self-efficacy scores regarding gender. Furthermore, a significant mean difference existed between 10th grade and 12th grade students, and 10th grade and graduated students concerning mathematics attitude. Furthermore, a significant mean difference was observed between 10th grade and graduated students concerning mathematics self-efficacy as well as between 10th grade and 12th grade students in terms of mathematics anxiety. Findings also confirmed the strong association among mathematics attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety.</p
Evaluation of a WEHY-HCM Seasonal Forecasting System of Monthly Flows for the Yuba River Basin in California
No full textWe present the results and evaluation of a Seasonal Forecasting System based on the Watershed Environmental Hydrology-Hydroclimate Model (WEHY-HCM) applied to the Yuba River Basin. The forecasting system takes 15 members from the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) each month from January to June. The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) system is used for downscaling, while WEHY is used to calculate the flows at the station Yuba River near Smartsville (YRS). Calibration and validation of the WEHY-HCM is shown for the years 1997-2006. The hindcasting period is defined as the years from 2020 to 2023, and its results are compared to full natural flow estimations from the California Data Exchange Center (CDEC). Mixed results are obtained from the hindcast. The 2022 hindcast is shown as an example, which has good accuracy up to 6 months ahead as in January and February initializations. The deterministic forecast for 2024 has some mixed results. We developed a statistical filtering system using the hindcasting errors, based on exponential smoothing. The statistically updated results improve the 2024 forecast to higher accuracy, reducing the errors for each initialization month, except June