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Behind the closed doors of curriculum change at faculties of education: practices and problems of faculty members
No full textCurricular change gains meaning and momentum only through the agency of faculty members, whose expertise and active engagement in designing, implementing, and evaluating curricula ultimately determine whether such changes achieve genuine and lasting impact. Yet, curriculum change in faculties of education has received little systematic study, leaving many processes and tensions concealed “behind closed doors.” This study aims to illuminate the essence of faculty members’ lived experiences with curriculum change in pre-service teacher education in Türkiye, with a particular focus on the skills and knowledge they perceive as essential, as well as the challenges they encounter in engaging with curriculum design, implementation, and evaluation. Grounded in Fullan’s theory of educational change and Schwab’s concept of practical deliberation, which highlights context-sensitive, judgment-driven decision-making in curriculum development, this study examines how faculty members navigate the complexities of curriculum change, exercising professional judgment and active engagement to develop and implement curriculum changes in pre-service teacher education. Affiliated with 13 different departments at the Faculty of Education, 41 faculty members participated in the study as key informants, having lived experiences with curriculum changes in pre-service teacher education. The qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured individual interviews, and the steps of content analysis were followed using MAXQDA 2022. The findings indicated that although some faculty members resisted change, some faculty members had already initiated bottom-up curriculum change studies at their faculties, made mostly course-level adjustments, planned to implement the new curricula without piloting, and demonstrated individual autonomy in implementation, especially after top-down curricula changes. Most faculty members openly admitted to lacking professional expertise and having difficulties in curriculum development, notions and principles, curriculum evaluation, and instructional planning and assessment. This study reflects inner curricular practices at faculties and reflects faculty members’ professional needs in pre-service teacher education
Accurate Computation of Multiphase Flows with high-density and pressure ratios using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
No full textThis article discusses the applications of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) methods to propose adaptations for compressible flow problems, particularly with discontinuities: shock tube, cavitation shock tube, and shock-bubble interaction. The formulations and their parameters are obtained to solve both single-phase and multi-phase flows effectively. The effects of the variation of artificial viscosity, variation of thermal conductivity, and particle shifting on interfacial problems are examined. The model parameters are tuned to avoid spurious oscillations while reducing numerical dissipation. It is determined that a minimum artificial viscosity constant between 0.1 and 0.5 is required for a stable interface with lower dissipation. Likewise, the minimum artificial thermal conductivity is set to 0 in order to efficiently mitigate energy discontinuities and minimize the wall heating effect. Moreover, it is noted that the integration of artificial viscosity and thermal conductivity with particle shifting does not enhance computational accuracy. The local grid refinement improves interface resolution accuracy in the shock-bubble problem, demonstrating strong accordance with experimental data in the literature while minimizing computational cost, particularly at interfaces characterized by high density and pressure ratios. This paper examines various formulations for density and momentum equations to address the adverse effects of single and multi-phase flow problems with discontinuities. Previous research can address these multi-phase problems with density ratios of up to one hundred, whereas the suggested continuity-based density formulation and pressure difference-based momentum equation provide superior performance and stability for density ratios of sixteen thousand
Anatomy of the February 6, 2023, eastern Mediterranean tsunami: Field observations, sea level analysis and numerical modeling
No full textThe Ups and Downs of Searle's Deriving "Ought" from "Is" With A Suggestion
No full textThis study aims to observe Searle's How to Derive Ought From Is (1964). Starting with David Hume, there is a tradition that defends the idea that it is impossible to derive ought from is or, values from facts. Searle, however, claims that he suggests a new way to assess the matter, through which he believes he can solve the problem. Here, I analyze Searle's suggestion, for which I hold several objections. Along with the objections I hold, I suggest a new perspective by referring to the Background, which belongs to Searle but whose origin lies in the philosophy of philosophers such as Bourdieu. I believe that by applying the Background, the derivation becomes possible for both institutional and brute facts. Furthermore, I believe that as copulas, auxiliaries, and main verbs belong to the same group, any kind of transition among them is not mysterious
Bottom quark energy loss and hadronization with B+ and Bs0 nuclear modification factors using pp and PbPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV
No full textThe production cross sections of Bs0 and B+ mesons are reported in proton-proton (pp) collisions recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC with a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 302 pb−1. The cross sections are based on measurements of the Bs0→ J/ψ(μ+μ−)ϕ(1020)(K+K−) and B+→ J/ψ(μ+μ−)K+ decay channels. Results are presented in the transverse momentum (pT) range 7–50 GeV/c and the rapidity interval |y| 10 GeV/c, both mesons are found to be suppressed in PbPb collisions (with RAA values significantly below unity), with less suppression observed for the Bs0 mesons. In this pT range, the RAA values for the B+ mesons are consistent with those for inclusive charged hadrons and D0 mesons. Below 10 GeV/c, both B+ and Bs0 are found to be less suppressed than either inclusive charged hadrons or D0 mesons, with the Bs0RAA value consistent with unity. The RAA values found for the B+ and Bs0 are compared to theoretical calculations, providing constraints on the mechanism of bottom quark energy loss and hadronization in the quark-gluon plasma, the hot and dense matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
The Trajectories of the Human-Robot Conflict in Rossum’s Universal Robots: Production, Class Struggle, and Consciousness
No full textKarel Čapek’s play, Rossumovi Univerzalni Roboti (RUR), has remarkable content ranging from the foundation of utopia to the end of a dystopian world, where the invention of robots evolves into a global class struggle and finally into a destructive interspecies antagonism. The idea of robotic automation, which is at the heart of the play, is discussed by the author to the speculative extremes of the social relations it involves, resulting in a text that can be considered both as a critical allegory of the real political relations of the era in which it was written and as a critical interpretation of the future of capitalism. To develop these dual perspectives, Čapek adopted a peculiar Marxist understanding of social conflicts as the constitutive element of RUR such as relations of production, class and status problems, and the social development of consciousness, correspond to the dialectical trajectories of the human-robot conflicts in the play. On the other hand, the difference between Čapek’s understanding of the formation and way of giving content to these categories as well as bringing social contradictions to a fictional solution largely determines the political meaning of the play in a quasi-conservative manner. This study focuses on the main forms of those conflicts in RUR and aims to reveal their underlying arguments and analyze them critically.lly. </p
Modeling lake-groundwater interactions under climatic and anthropogenic stressors in a mediterranean closed basin: Burdur Lake, Türkiye
No full textStudy region: Understanding lake-groundwater interactions is crucial for the sustainable management of fragile ecosystems, such as Burdur Lake, a Ramsar-listed closed-basin lake in the Mediterranean region of T & uuml;rkiye. Study focus: This study investigates the causes and consequences of long-term lake-level decline driven by both climatic and anthropogenic factors. A three-dimensional groundwater flow model was developed and calibrated using MODFLOW, incorporating the lake package under steadystate (1969, 2014) and transient (1969-1971, 2014-2016) conditions based on lake levels, groundwater observations, and a detailed conceptual lake budget. The calibrated model was extended to simulate future scenarios (2019-2064) using CORDEX regional climate projections (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5), assessing the effects of increased groundwater abstraction and streamflow regulation through reservoirs. New hydrological insights: Simulation results suggest that climate change alone may lead to a lake-level decline of 5-6 m, while combined with increased groundwater extraction, the decline may reach 7 m. However, restoring natural stream inflows by removing surface water reservoirs could result in a recovery of up to 3 m despite climate stress. The findings highlight the dominant role of surface water regulation in lake shrinkage and demonstrate the value of integrated modeling for guiding water management policies. This study provides a framework for assessing coupled lake-groundwater systems under multiple stressors in semi-arid, closed basin settings
