ADBU Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (AJEEE)
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A Performance Analysis of Electric Vehicles
Get PDFThe revolution in the automobile industry is made by electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, etc. In the next few years, these technologies will replace conventional vehicle systems completely. As technology evolves very rapidly, research and development in this area are very much required. This paper presents a detailed review of a variety of electric vehicles. The technological performance review discussed here will help researchers to move the research rapidly. In this paper, the author outlines and formulates a structural framework for understanding the optimality in the case of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles
An Approach to improve the Performance of Total Cross-tied connected PV array in Partial shading condition
Get PDFDue to the partial shading condition (PSC) in solar PV systems, performance degrades to a large extent. To overcome from this problem bypass diode is used which creates the problem of multiple local maxima. Therefore, total cross-tied (TCT) connection is introduced in the literature, which improves the performance of PV systems in PSC without using bypass diode. But the performance improvement in TCT connection is also limited. Because for some particular shading pattern the efficiency cannot be improved beyond a certain limit. In line with this, an algorithm is proposed in this paper through which the performance of a PV array can be improved. Here, the performance of a PV array is improved by distributing the shading effect on the entire PV array, which reduces the mismatch losses and to enhance the power output of the PV array
Ocean Surface Trash Collector
Get PDFThis paper describes the design of a robot for collecting waste floating on the water surface. Three important issues for designing the aquatic robots are a cost-effective solution along with robustness and durability. Due to the nature of the cleaning work, we designed the robot structure with car like mechanism that can provide high stability, good ability in maneuver and can easily collect all the waste flowing on the water. The plastic pipe container works best for this case and fulfils all structural stability criteria. For collection of waste, a motor-driven conveyor belt has been designed for collecting the wastes and deploy it into a plastic box connected to the platform. This design provides simple and effective waste removal and accommodates large amounts of waste within a little space. This light-weight and tough structure support the total weight of the collected waste, conveyor as well as the hardware components used. The rotating arms system based a differential drive mechanism has been designed, which allows the robots to require a 360 turn on the spot and provides high thrust. Electronic circuit and motors have been placed on the platform, in order to protect them from water. The robot is automatically controlled by Arduino, sensors, motor driver, GPS and GSM modules. The testing of the robot prototype proved to be effective in waste collecting and getting back to the way-point. The maximum trash loads that robot can bear is up 5 kg. The main aim of the project is to optimize time, energy and overall process speed
Controlling Traffic System Based On the Count of Vehicles and Pedestrian Density
Get PDFTraffic congestions and overcrowding of our streets with vehicles is a common scene in most of the major Indian towns. The inefficient traffic signals have aided to this traffic congestions. Both pedestrians and vehicle are held up in the traffic crossings for a long time due to the poor implementation of traffic signals. In this paper, a method is demonstrated to control the traffic signals based on the count of automobiles and pedestrians. Infrared sensors are used to sense the count of automobile and the pedestrian count is calculated using MATLAB. The data from both these systems are given to an Arduino board. Based on the information obtained, the traffic signal is controlled by the Arduino
Autonomous Tour Guide Robot using RF Module
Get PDFTourists and tourist locations are a major source of income to any country’s economy. A good tourist location can help improve the economic standard of a place. So it is very important that there are adequate measures to improve the tourism sector. The best way to see and enjoy a place is on our own, because when we find out a thing on our own, the experience remains with us ever. This is the main idea that brought us to make this project. We are presenting in this paper a tour guide robot that will take tourists through a location of interest, using a robot navigator. The device is equipped with an Arduino module that controls the device. The user needs to use a mobile application to pair with the device and start the robot, once started it will take the user to different locations and will inform him of the details or importance of each location. The device is also equipped with a panic button and a heart-rate sensor that helps to inform the authorities if any emergency situation arises
Design and Development of Automation System For Biofloc Fish Farming
Get PDFBiofloc technology is an emerging environment friendly indoor aquaculture system that degrades organic waste by microorganisms and produces microbial flocs which are used as feed for the cultured organisms. Fish production in biofloc system is very high and hence this technology has gained increased popularity. However optimal control of the biofloc environment is necessary for obtaining a high yield. In this paper an automation system is designed for maintaining the temperature of the biofloc tank at the optimal value corresponding to the type of fish cultured. Temperature sensor has been used to measure the water temperature, which is processed by an Arduino board to control a heater immersed in the tank. An experimental set up has been developed to test the system
Design of Micro Wind Turbine for Low Wind Speed Areas: A Review
Get PDFWith the increase in fossil fuel prices and the increase in demand for renewable energy sources, wind turbines play an important role in becoming the alternative technology in the generation of electricity. Since wind is clean and unbounded, wind energy is one of the best renewable sources of energy for the generation of electricity. This paper presents the ideas of designing a small-sized wind turbine or micro wind turbine for low wind speed areas which can be used in many applications like homes, villages, and so on to produce electricity. A small-sized wind turbine or micro wind turbine is a type of turbine that converts the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy and it is used to generate power for small power needs. Additionally, this type of micro wind turbine can be used in rural areas, requiring a very low cost for installation
Microcontroller-based Cable Fault and Insulation Flaw Detection in Low-Voltage Cables
Get PDFThe objective of the work presented here is to detect the exact location of fault or insulation flaw in electrical cables. As described in this report, the system uses two methods. The first one is the principle of a Varley loop to determine the exact distance of the fault in the underground cable up to the accuracy of a meter. When any fault like short circuit and earth fault occurs, the length of the fault of the cable can be determined from the fault resistance using the bridge in the Varley loop. The other method is based on electromagnetic sensing and finds the exact location of the fault. When the current flows through the cable, an electromagnetic field is induced, which is sensed by an inductive coil connected to the electronic amplifier circuit. The microcontroller is used to make the necessary calculations and display the fault distance after that. It also captures the signal from the amplifier and shows a fault or no-fault condition based on the program. This method is a cheaper and simpler alternative to existing ones for detecting cable insulation flaw
DWT-Differential Analysis Optimization technique Used in the protection of Microgrid
Get PDFThis paper process DWT-differential analysis for optimal relay coordination issue for the microgrid. This solution works for grid-connected as well as the disconnected mode of operation. Coordination among relays of the microgrid is a complex part to handle, as the insertion of DG causes a bidirectional flow of current. Advanced protection methods involving DWT analysis of fault current can provide intelligent and smart ways of protection. Previous work has been applied with the differential algorithm on grid-connected and islanded mode, but one major deficiency is an increase in operating time of primary and secondary relay, which further decreases the reliability of Microgrid. The proposed system relies on DWT-differential Analysis based approach, which removes all unwanted noise and bandwidth from fault signal and differential analysis helps to select the best pair of a relay. The problem is formulated as a Non-linear programming constraint to minimize overall operating Relay time. The Scheme is tested with IEEE-9 bus system. The comparative analysis is carried out with two traditional methods, the result shows that it achieves a remarkable reduction in operating time in the primary and backup relay
Vehicles Safety System Using Arduino
Get PDFTransportation is a basic need of society and with the increasing population; indirectly there are increases in the vehicle density, which may lead to many road accidents resulting in injuries and sometimes lead to death. The aim of our project is to make human driving safer and to overcome accidents. This project is developed by integrating the vibration sensor, alcohol sensor, and ultrasonic sensor with the Arduino board. The vibration sensor used in this project is SW420 that detects the vibrations occur in a car and the data obtained can be utilized to detect an occurrence of an accident. The alcohol sensor used in this project is MQ3, which can detect the alcohol content in human breath. The ultrasonic sensor is used in the project to detect the presence of a vehicle for Anti-collision system. The system also makes use of GPS and GSM for real-time analysis