HAL Réunion (Univ- de la Réunion )
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Design and Synthesis of 68 Ga‐Labeled Peptide‐Based Heterodimers for Dual Targeting of NTS 1 and GRPR
No full textInternational audienceTumor heterogeneity remains one of the main obstacles for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The simultaneous targeting of several cancer biomarkers is an appealing approach for improved diagnostic procedures. Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS 1 ) and Gastrin‐Releasing Peptide Receptor (GRPR) are both G‐protein coupled receptors with complementary profile of expression in several cancer types. This work proposes the design, the synthesis and the in vitro radiopharmaceutical characterization of three heterodimers, based on GRP/NT modified peptides, radiolabeled with gallium‐68. Two NTS 1 /GRPR targeting pharmacophores containing linear hybrids that differ in the C ‐terminus were synthesized (i. e., JMV 7110 and JMV 7253). The branched analogue of the silicon‐containing heterodimer JMV 7110, namely JMV 7266, was also synthesized. After radiolabeling with 68 Ga, saturation binding studies performed on HT29 (NTS 1 + /GRPR − ) and PC3 (NTS 1 + /GRPR + ) cells demonstrated a significant loss in NTS 1 and GRPR affinity compared to the reference monomers with the exception of the NTS 1 affinity of [ 68 Ga]Ga‐JMV 7266 which was preserved. Considering cellular processing, NTS 1 ‐internalization at 1 h was the highest with [ 68 Ga]Ga‐JMV 7266 and was similar to the reference compound. Interestingly [ 68 Ga]Ga‐JMV 7266 demonstrated lower efflux than the other linear heterodimers but also than its NT reference compound. The branched structure of [ 68 Ga]Ga‐JMV 7266 seems beneficial for dual NTS 1 /GRPR targeting
La Gastronomie de Berchoux : le festin fondateur d’une poésie réactionnaire
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Origin, size distribution and hygroscopic properties of marine aerosols in the south-western Indian Ocean: report of 6 campaigns of shipborne observations
No full textMarine aerosol observations from 6 shipborne campaigns carried out in 2021 and 2023 in the southwest Indian Ocean are presented. A set of aerosol instruments is used to study the spatial and temporal variability of the aerosol size distribution, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), activation diameters, and hygroscopicity (κ). Total number of aerosols (Na) shows concentration above 1500 cm -3 in polluted areas, and between 100-1500 cm -3 in the open ocean. CCN measurements (0.2 %, 0.4 % supersaturation) range from 40 to 500 cm -3 . At 0.2 % (0.4 %) supersaturation, the average activation diameter is 104 (76) nm and κ is 0.36 (0.25). Using a back-trajectory model, the aerosol data were classified into three source regions.Aerosols are hydrophobic in the continental group (κ from 0.1 to 0.13), hydrophilic in the Subtropical Indian Ocean group (κ from 0.24 to 0.4), and intermediate values are found in the Southern Indian Ocean group (κ from 0.17 to 0.22). Subtropical Indian Ocean κ increases with stronger wind speeds. Southern Indian Ocean κ decreases significantly (between 0.2 % and 0.4 % supersaturation) with stronger wind speeds, probably due to a higher concentration of organic species on the smallest particle surface. High aerosol concentration events are presented. Pollution related to air masses passing through a well-developed continental boundary layer. Nucleation triggered by clear skies between two cloudy periods. Arrival of air masses at the ship's location after a precipitation event.</p
Genetic Differentiation in a Wide‐Ranging Tropical Seabird in the Indian Ocean Is Linked With Oceanographic Factors
No full textInternational audienceAim: Knowledge of the main drivers of population differentiation is crucial for understanding evolutionary processes and preserving biodiversity. While primarily studied in terrestrial habitats, the mechanisms operating in the marine realm are less well understood. This study reconstructed the phylogeographic history of a tropical seabird to identify relevant marine barriers promoting intraspecific diversity in the Western Indian Ocean.Location: Western Indian Ocean.Taxon: Three subspecies of tropical shearwater: Puffinus bailloni bailloni , P. b. nicolae, P. b. colstoni.Methods: We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and applied population genomics to birds from six breeding colonies to assess intraspecific diversity, population genetic structure and connectivity in the tropical shearwater. Results were complemented with data from six oceanographic variables and effective migration surfaces to evaluate the role of oceanographic factors in driving population differentiation.Results: All analyses consistently separated the birds from the northern colonies (subsp. nicolae and colstoni) from those of the southern islands (subsp. bailloni), but failed to assign the colstoni birds as a different taxon. Results revealed remarkable levels of genetic differentiation within an ocean basin in a highly vagile species and suggested higher levels of gene flow at the northern limit of the species' distribution compared to the southern range.Main Conclusions: Our study suggests that ocean surfaces and sea surface temperature may constitute an important barrier to gene flow for the tropical shearwater and potentially other marine species in the region. This study does not support the colstoni form as a different subspecies, highlighting the need for further taxonomic reassessment. Ultimately, the results allowed us to identify Europa and Aldabra as the most threatened management units and propose conservation strategies directly applicable to these most at-risk colonies
Violences conjugales chez les femmes âgées à la Réunion : état des lieux à partir d’une cohorte de 32 femmes victimes de 2015 à 2025
No full textIntroduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) represents a major public health concern in Réunion Island, yet no data exist regarding older women. This thesis aims to explore the characteristics of physical, verbal, psychological, sexual, and economic IPV among older women in Réunion and its impact on their mental health.Methods: Data were collected from women aged 65 years and older who consulted the Saint-Denis Medico-Legal Institute (Réunion Island) for IPV between 2015 and 2025.Results: Thirty-two victims were included. All forms of IPV were identified: physical (87.5%), verbal (59.4%), psychological (62.5%), sexual (21.9%), and economic (12.5%), with four women having experienced attempted femicide. Factor analysis revealed two main clusters: one combining physical and verbal violence, and another grouping psychological, sexual, and economic violence, the latter being associated with a shorter duration of IPV exposure. Longer histories of IPV were associated with the number of children, the perpetrator being a current partner, and the absence of separation. Mental health repercussions were severe, with 53.1% of women presenting depressive symptoms and 75% showing post-traumatic stress symptoms.Conclusion: Older women remain underrepresented in the IPV literature despite being exposed to severe violence with profound mental health consequences. Further research is needed to improve the care and support provided to these victims.Introduction : La lutte contre les violences conjugales représente un enjeu majeur à La Réunion, aucune donnée n’existe concernant les femmes âgées. Cette thèse vise à explorer les caractéristiques des violences conjugales chez les femmes âgées à la Réunion, et leurs impacts sur la santé mentale.Méthodes : Le recueil a été réalisé en incluant les femmes âgées de 65 ans ou plus ayant consulté à l’institut médico- légale de Saint-Denis (La Réunion) pour des faits de violences conjugales entre 2015 et 2025 sur la base des certificats. Résultats : 32 victimes ont été incluses, toutes les natures de violences conjugales ont été retrouvées physiques (87.5%), verbales (59.4%), psychologiques (62.5%), sexuelles (21.9%) et économiques (12.5%), et 4 d’entre-elles avaient été victimes de tentative de féminicide. Pour les associations de violences, nous retrouvons deux facteurs, l’un associant les violences physiques et verbales et l’autre les violences psychologiques, sexuelles et économique, associé à une durée plus courte des violences. Une plus grande ancienneté des violences conjugales était associée aux nombre d’enfants, au statut de l’agresseur comme conjoint actuel et à l’absence de séparation. Les répercussions sur la santé mentale était sévère, avec 53.1 % des femmes présentant une symptomatologie dépressive, et 75 % une symptomatologie de stress post-traumatique.Conclusion : Les femmes âgées sont sous représentées dans la littérature concernant les violences conjugales, pourtant elles sont victimes de violences sévères, aux répercussions lourdes sur leur santé. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour améliorer la prise en charge de ces victimes
Commercial Arthrospira platensis Extract Modifies the Photophysiology of Cladocopium goreaui, Coral Endosymbiont Microalgae
No full textInternational audienceArthrospira platensis extract is incorporated into sunscreen formulations for its beneficial and UV-protective properties on cultured human cells. However, its effects have not yet been assessed on non-target organisms such as endosymbiotic microalgae in coral tissue. To evaluate its effects, we investigated the photophysiology of the cultured dinoflagellate Cladocopium goreaui using PAM fluorometry (RLC, OJIP) after a 5-day exposure to different extract concentrations. Our results show that, through a hormetic effect, A. platensis enhances the performance index (Pi_Abs) at 0.018 mg L−1 by increasing the number of active reaction centers (RC/ABS) and improving electron transfer efficiency (φEo, ψEo) along the electron transport chain. Conversely, beyond 108.8 mg L−1, negative impacts appear on PSII, increasing the apparent antenna size (ABS/RC) and impairing the oxygen-evolving complex (K-peak), ultimately reducing the maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRm). This relative toxicity, obtained only for the highest concentrations, supports its potential incorporation into cosmetic formulations. This study contributes to improving the ecotoxicity assessment of cosmetic products on non-target organisms
Comprendre les inégalités scolaires en contexte ultramarin : le regard des futurs enseignants à Mayotte et à La Réunion
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Enjeux critiques de l’usage des IA génératives dans les textes officiels des instances nationales françaises et supranationales - Dialogue avec la recherche critique
No full textInternational audienceLa communication, donnée le 12 juin à Colmar dans le cadre du colloque de l’APLIUT, présente une analyse qualitative de contenu (Paillé & Mucchielli, 2016) appliquée à un corpus constitué des textes publiés entre 2022 et début 2025 par l’Unesco, l’UE, le Conseil de l’Europe et le Ministère de l’Education français. La recherche menée a permis d’identifier les dimensions critiques évoquées dans les textes et de les analyser à la lumière de ce que disent les approches critiques.Sur la base de cette analyse, en guise de perspectives, nous ouvrons des pistes concrètes pour l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues en lien avec une éducation à la citoyenneté numérique (Ollivier & Jeanneau, 2023).Présentation disponible ici https://eurofle.wordpress.com/2025/06/13/enjeux-ethiques-de-lusage-des-ia-generatives