Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus
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Oranjerivierafrikaans, ʼn Argeologiese Genealogie. Deel I. 1595-1916
Full text linkDié eerste deel van ʼn vierdelige artikelreeks ondersoek die geskiedenis van die sosiolinguistiek relatief tot Oranjerivierafrikaans, een van die drie hoofdialekkontinuums van Afrikaans, van die periode 1595 tot 1916. Begrond in die linguistiese geskiedskrywing in die breë, en Michel Foucault se argeologiese en genealogiese oriënterings in die besonder, skets die artikeldeel hoe die intellektuele geskiedenis van Oranjerivierafrikaans in die “voortyd†van 1595-1843, en die meer formele Europeestalige sosiolinguisties georiënteerde studies van die tydperk 1844-1916 – dit wil sê die tydperk van die sosiolinguistiek oor Afrikaans, maar nie in Afrikaans nie – daar uitgesien het. Die optekenings van reisigers en dagboekskrywers, insluitende Willem ten Rhyne, Peter Kolbe, Otto Mentzel, John Barrow en Hinrich Lichtenstein, asook meer professionele taalkundiges, insluitende Antoine Changuion, Wilhelm Bleek, Thomas le Roux, Jac van Ginneken, en Theophilus Hahn, word bespreek. Ter afsluiting van die artikeldeel word die oorgangstydsgees van die eerste en tweede taalbewegings in verhouding tot die bewussyn oor Afrikaans vermeld. Hierdeur daag die artikelreeks vier sentrale veronderstellings oor die taalvorm uit, naamlik dat daar ʼn gebrek aan bronne oor die taalvorm is, dat dit redelik “onsigbaar†is, dat dit as ʼn Swart Afrikaanse taalvorm getipeer kan word, en dat Kaapse Afrikaans, eerder as Oranjerivierafrikaans, as die “oudste†vorm van Afrikaans beskou moet word.
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This first part of a four-part article series investigates the history of sociolinguistics relative to Orange River Afrikaans, one of Afrikaans’s three main dialect continuas, from the period 1595 to 1916. Grounded in linguistic historiography broadly construed, and Michel Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical orientations specifically, this part of the article sketches how the intellectual history of Orange River Afrikaans in the period 1595-1916 figured through two Zeitgeists – the ‘pre-time’ of 1595-1843, and the more professional European-language sociolinguistic orientated studies of the period 1844-1916. This constitutes the period of sociolinguistics about Afrikaans, but not in Afrikaans. The writings of travellers and journal keepers, including Willem ten Rhyne, Peter Kolbe, Otto Mentzel, John Barrow and Hinrich Lichtenstein, and more professional linguists, including Antoine Changuion, Wilhelm Bleek, Thomas le Roux, Jac van Ginneken, and Theophilus Hahn, are discussed. In conclusion to this part of the article series, mention is made of the transitionary period of the first and second language movements relative to the consciousness around Afrikaans. Through this, the article series challenges four central and dominant presuppositions on Orange River Afrikaans, namely that there are limited sources available relative to it, that it constitutes an ‘invisible’ language form, that it can be typified as an expression of Black Afrikaans, and that Kaaps (Cape Afrikaans), rather than Orange River Afrikaans, should be regarded as the ‘oldest’ form of Afrikaans
Oranjerivierafrikaans, ʼn Argeologiese Genealogie. Deel II. 1917-1979
Full text linkDié tweede deel van ʼn vierdelige artikelreeks ondersoek die geskiedenis van die sosiolinguistiek relatief tot Oranjerivierafrikaans, een van die drie hoofdialekkontinuums van Afrikaans, van die periode 1917 tot 1979. Begrond in die linguistiese geskiedskrywing in die breë, en Michel Foucault se argeologiese en genealogiese oriënterings in die besonder, skets die artikeldeel hoe die intellektuele geskiedenis van Oranjerivierafrikaans in die tydsgees van die diskoers van ras- en taalverbastering van 1917-1939, en die tydsgees van die taalatlas van 1940-1979, daar uitgesien het. Hierdie periode sien die vestiging van Afrikaanstalige taalkunde. Die optekenings van ondere andere Gideon von Wielligh, Stephanus Boshoff, John Rademeyer, Abel Coetzee, en Stephanus Louw word bespreek. Hierdeur daag die artikelreeks vier sentrale veronderstellings oor die taalvorm uit, naamlik dat daar ʼn gebrek aan bronne oor die taalvorm is, dat dit redelik “onsigbaar†is, dat dit as ʼn Swart Afrikaanse taalvorm getipeer kan word, en dat Kaapse Afrikaans, eerder as Oranjerivierafrikaans, as die “oudste†vorm van Afrikaans beskou moet word.
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This second part of a four-part article series investigates the history of sociolinguistics relative to Orange River Afrikaans, one of Afrikaans’s three main dialect continuas, from the period 1917 to 1979. Grounded in linguistic historiography broadly construed, and Michel Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical orientations specifically, this part of the article sketches how the intellectual history of Orange River Afrikaans in the period 1917-1979 can be divided into two Zeitgeists – the time of the discourse of racial and linguistic bastardization of 1917-1939, and the time of the linguistic atlas of 1940-1979. This constitutes the period of the establishment of Afrikaans-language scholarship. The writings of Gideon von Wielligh, Stephanus Boshoff, John Rademeyer, Abel Coetze, and Stephanus Louw are discussed. Through this, the article series challenges four central and dominant presuppositions on Orange River Afrikaans, namely that there are limited sources available relative to it, that it constitutes an “invisible†language form, that it can be typified as an expression of Black Afrikaans, and that Kaaps (Cape Afrikaans), rather than Orange River Afrikaans, should be regarded as the “oldest†form of Afrikaans
Oranjerivierafrikaans, ʼn Argeologiese Genealogie. Deel III. 1980-1998
Full text linkDié derde deel van ʼn vierdelige artikelreeks ondersoek die geskiedenis van die sosiolinguistiek relatief tot Oranjerivierafrikaans, een van die drie hoofdialekkontinuums van Afrikaans, van die periode 1980 tot 1998. Begrond in die linguistiese geskiedskrywing in die breë, en Michel Foucault se argeologiese en genealogiese oriënterings in die besonder, skets die artikeldeel hoe die intellektuele geskiedenis van Oranjerivierafrikaans in die tydsgees van die diskoers van dialektologie van 1980-1998 en die tydsgees van die besinning van taalidentiteit sedert die 1980’s getipeer kan word. Hierdie periode sien die hoogbloei van die Afrikaanse sosiolinguistiek, veral wat veldwerkdialektologie betref. Die optekenings en navorsing van ondere andere Christo van Rensburg, Hans du Plessis, Hendrina Nieuwoudt, Vic Webb, Hans den Besten, en Gabriël Nienaber word bespreek. Hierdeur daag die artikelreeks vier sentrale veronderstellings oor die taalvorm uit, naamlik dat daar ʼn gebrek aan bronne oor die taalvorm is, dat dit redelik “onsigbaar†is, dat dit as ʼn Swart Afrikaanse taalvorm getipeer kan word, en dat Kaapse Afrikaans, eerder as Oranjerivierafrikaans, as die “oudste†vorm van Afrikaans beskou moet word.
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Abstract
This third part of a four-part article series investigates the history of sociolinguistics relative to Orange River Afrikaans, one of Afrikaans’s three main dialect continuas, from the period 1980 to 1998. Grounded in linguistic historiography broadly construed, and Michel Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical orientations specifically, this part of the article sketches how the intellectual history of Orange River Afrikaans in this period can be divided into two Zeitgeists – the time of dialectology of 1980-1998 and the time of language identity since 1980. This period sees the height of Afrikaans fieldwork dialectology. The writings and research of Christo van Rensburg, Hans du Plessis, Hendrina Nieuwoudt, Vic Webb, Hans den Besten and Gabriël Nienaber are discussed. Through this, the article series challenges four central and dominant presuppositions on Orange River Afrikaans, namely that there are limited sources available relative to it, that it constitutes an “invisible†language form, that it can be typified as an expression of Black Afrikaans, and that Kaaps (Cape Afrikaans), rather than Orange River Afrikaans, should be regarded as the “oldest†form of Afrikaans
The efficacy of game-based learning activities in enhancing L2 vocabulary acquisition among Saudi non-English majoring students
Full text linkVocabulary acquisition is a crucial aspect of second language acquisition (SLA). To facilitate this process, many game-based learning (GBL) activities have been integrated into learning materials, including the New Headway Plus books. These books are specifically designed for adult learners of English in the Middle East and North Africa and are used to teach all freshmen at the University of Bisha in Saudi Arabia. This study has four main objectives: to identify the various types of GBL vocabulary activities included in the prescribed textbooks; to examine the extent to which these activities are efficacious in enhancing Saudi students' second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition; to identify students' perceptions of the role of GBL activities in enhancing their psychological factors; and to examine the impact of students' majors on vocabulary aspects and psychological aspects. Data for this study were collected from the selected books, question sheets for midterm and final exams, students' scores in these exams, and a questionnaire administered to 63 Saudi non-English majoring students. The analysis of the results revealed that various GBL activities were incorporated in the prescribed textbooks, such as crossword activities, picture-word and word-word matching, word scrambles, collocations, and categorization, with crosswords being the most prevalent. GBL activities proved to be efficient in enhancing their vocabulary and recalling previously learned words. Additionally, students had a positive perception of the role of these activities in enhancing their psychological factors. While students' majors were found to have a statistically significant impact on vocabulary acquisition, they did not have a statistically significant impact on psychological aspects such as motivation, engagement, self-confidence, interest, shyness, and collaboration. Recommendations are made to enhance students' L2 vocabulary acquisition
Oranjerivierafrikaans, ʼn Argeologiese Genealogie. Deel IV. 1999-2021
Full text linkDié laaste deel van ʼn vierdelige artikelreeks ondersoek die geskiedenis van die sosiolinguistiek relatief tot Oranjerivierafrikaans, een van die drie hoofdialekkontinuums van Afrikaans, van die periode 1999 tot 2021. Begrond in die linguistiese geskiedskrywing in die breë, en Michel Foucault se argeologiese en genealogiese oriënterings in die besonder, skets die artikeldeel hoe die huidige periode in die intellektuele geskiedenis van Oranjerivierafrikaans as die tydsgees van tekstualiteit opgesom kan word. Die periode sien die hoogbloei van die aandag aan geskrewe tekste – sowel argivale bronne as meer resente skeppende skryfwerk. Hiernaas word die deurentydsgees van romantiese pittigheid, ʼn benadering wat die ganse Afrikaanse sosiolinguistiek deurspek, bespreek. Die optekenings en navorsing van ondere andere Sanet du Plessis, Frank Hendricks, Annél Otto, Elvis Saal, Donovan Lawrence, Carla Luijks, Luan Staphorst, Camilla Christie, Daan Wissing, en Hendrik Theys word bespreek. Hierdeur daag die artikelreeks vier sentrale veronderstellings oor die taalvorm uit, naamlik dat daar ʼn gebrek aan bronne is, dat dit redelik “onsigbaar†is, dat dit as ʼn Swart Afrikaanse taalvorm getipeer kan word, en dat Kaapse Afrikaans, eerder as Oranjerivierafrikaans, as die “oudste†vorm van Afrikaans beskou moet word.
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This last part of a four-part article series investigates the history of sociolinguistics relative to Orange River Afrikaans, one of Afrikaans’s three main dialect continuas, from the period 1999 to 2021. Grounded in linguistic historiography broadly construed, and Michel Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical orientations specifically, this part of the article sketches how the intellectual history of Orange River Afrikaans in this period can be summarised as the Zeitgeist of textuality. This period sees the height of the study of written texts – of both archival and creative writing. A final discussion focuses on the discourse of “romantic curiosaâ€, a discourse that has pervaded the study of Orange River Afrikaans since the onset of Afrikaans sociolinguistics. The writings and research of, amongst others, Sanet du Plessis, Frank Hendricks, Annél Otto, Elvis Saal, Donovan Lawrene, Carla Luijks, Luan Staphorst, Camilla Christie, Daan Wissing, and Hendrik Theys are discussed. Through this, the article series challenges four central and dominant presuppositions on Orange River Afrikaans, namely that there are limited sources available relative to it, that it constitutes an “invisible†language form, that it can be typified as an expression of Black Afrikaans, and that Kaaps (Cape Afrikaans), rather than Orange River Afrikaans, should be regarded as the “oldest†form of Afrikaans
“Rêrag pragtagâ€: A sociophonetic exploration of the vowel quality of the -ig suffix in Kaaps
Full text linkIn this squib, I propose a sociophonetic exploration into the vowel quality of the adjectivising and pseudo suffix -ig (spelled as <ig> or <ag>) in the language variety called Kaaps. This investigation not only falls within the ambit of the phenomenon of vowel-lowering in Afrikaans and Kaaps, but also aims to motivate further research on the acoustics of schwa /ə/ in Afrikaans and Kaaps. I start out by briefly contextualising Kaaps as a social, ethno-regional linguistic entity that is indexical of not only place, but also involves identity politics related to experiences of marginalisation and self-affirmation. Next, I distinguish between adjectivising and pseudo suffixes, before discussing previous research on Afrikaans and Kaaps schwa and vowellowering. Comparing older phonetic texts to current research shows that while variation in schwa realisation was widespread in the early twentieth century, lowered schwa gradually became metapragmatically associated with present-day Kaaps. Finally, I propose further research directions that will seek to explore sociolinguistic, phonetic, and phonological processes involved in schwa realisation in the -ig suffix (henceforth referred to as the -ig vowel). The realisations of the -ig vowel can move us towards further exploration of Lass’ (1986, 2007) claims that there is more to schwa than meets the transcriber’s eye; it is possible that sounds transcribed as schwa are, in fact, cases where the eye is favoured instead of the ear. The spelling of the -ig vowel as <ag> in Kaaps points us in that direction
“Eye on the big prize!â€: Iconizing the Democratic Alliance in the Daily Sun
Full text linkThis article gives a snapshot view of how Mmusi Maimane’s rise to leadership in the Democratic Alliance (DA) in 2015 was reported on in the Daily Sun, South Africa’s biggest-selling national daily newspaper (South African Audience Research Foundation, 2016). Through analysis of a Daily Sun news article exemplifying trends in the positioning of the DA in the tabloid over the first half of 2015, the present study demonstrates how Maimane tried to align the DA around a new iconography (Tann 2010, 2013), centred on the values of “freedomâ€, “fairness†and “opportunityâ€. Moreover, the present study also shows how this purported transformation in the DA was treated with scepticism by the news article’s author, who iconizes the DA as incapable of transformation and effective governance. Fine-grained complementary Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) analyses were conducted on this news article. The LCT analysis shows how multiple voices in the news article create conflicting binary constellations, axiologically charged through various linguistic resources, including intertextual references. The analysis, using SFL’s Appraisal system (Martin & White 2005), shows how iconization is accomplished in the news article through evaluative language, coupled with intertextual references, grammatical metaphor and technicality to produce syndromes of meaning in the news article. Such iconization works, in this case, to reproduce an attitude of cynicism toward party politics in post-apartheid South Africa. This cynicism foreshadows Maimane’s ultimate lack of success in transforming the discourses of the DA
ʼn Metodologie vir die beskrywing van konstruksionaliseringsnetwerke: Konstruksies met [in] as gevallestudie
Full text linkViews on constructionalisation and constructional change are at the forefront of construction grammar approaches to language change. In order to be able to talk about constructionalisation and constructional changes in a particular part of the constructicon, it is necessary to have both a diachronic and synchronic view of that network of constructions. The overall purpose of this contribution is to propose a methodology (i.e. a set of methods, principles, rules, etc. for a specific purpose within a specific theory / discipline) for the description and explanation of constructionalisation networks, i.e. networks with a temporal dimension that indicate the development of constructions. To illustrate this framework, we look at the constructionalisation network of "in" as a prepositional lexical item, as based on data from dictionaries and corpora. It is shown that changes in a construction network are (among other things) characterised by the presence of taboo constructions in that part of the network, and that constructions with taboo words can be taken as one of the starting points to search for constructional change and constructionalisations in a network.
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Beskouings oor konstruksionalisering en konstruksieverandering is aan die voorpunt van konstruksiegrammatikabenaderings tot taalverandering. Ten einde oor konstruksionalisering en konstruksieveranderings in ʼn bepaalde deel van die konstruktikon te kan praat, is dit nodig dat ʼn mens ʼn diachroniese én sinchroniese blik op daardie netwerk van konstruksies moet hê. Die oorhoofse doel van hierdie bydrae is om ʼn metodologie (d.i. ʼn stel metodes, beginsels, reëls, ens. vir ʼn bepaalde doel binne ʼn bepaalde teorie/dissipline) voor te stel vir die beskrywing en verklaring van konstruksionaliseringsnetwerke, d.i. netwerke met ʼn tyddimensie waarmee die ontwikkeling van konstruksies aangedui word. Om hierdie raamwerk te illustreer, kyk ons na die konstruksionaliseringsnetwerk van in as preposisionele leksikale item, soos gebaseer op data uit woordeboeke en korpora. Daar word aangetoon dat veranderinge in ʼn konstruksienetwerk word (onder andere) gekenmerk deur die teenwoordigheid van taboekonstruksies in daardie deel van die netwerk en dat konstruksies met taboewoorde in as een van die vertrekpunte geneem kan word om soektogte na konstruksieverandering en konstruksionaliserings in ʼn netwerk te begin
The practicality of theory: Reciprocity, assessment and applied linguistics
Full text linkIn language assessment there is awareness that at a fundamental level it is a subfield of applied linguistics. Hence a productive understanding of that relationship is to ask, first, how we understand the discipline of applied linguistics and, second, how language assessment can, together with other subfields, be shown to belong to it. Employing the idea of applied linguistics as a discipline of design, we can identify at least three subfields. These involve the development of three prime applied linguistic artefacts: language policies and language management plans; language tests and assessments; and language curricula and courses. Abstracting and considering more closely their technical function and the nuclear meaning of design of that function, we may further investigate a number of technically stamped primitives or fundamental concepts. These derive from the coherence of the technical modality with other dimensions of reality, yielding the foundational concepts of homogeneity, range, reliability, validity, differentiation, sensitivity, rationality, meaningfulness, appropriateness, usefulness, alignment, accountability, fairness, and trustworthiness. From these fundamentals, in turn, emerge various principles of responsible design applicable to all three kinds of applied linguistic artefacts: policies, tests and courses. The three subfields not only have principles in common, but by virtue of that also have a reciprocal relationship: the one can learn design lessons from the other. This article will refer first to the notion of language assessment as subfield of applied linguistics, second to the principles of responsible design, and third to the reciprocity among applied linguistic designs as various as language policies, tests, and courses