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"You really are an empathic type" - Types in empathy research
No full textIn this study, we used a configuration frequency analysis (CFA) to find out whether there are certain combinations of characteristics that can be used to define prototypical empathy types. Using a sample of 9,407 participants aged between 10 and 80 years, we were able to find four clearly separated and exhaustive empathy profiles which include all relevant aspects of emotional concern, perspective taking and personal distress and at the same time can be clearly defined in relation to each other. The superordinate patterns "situation-dependent altruists (A)", "high functioning empathy (B)", "low neurotic empathy (C)" and "low empathy (D)" were identified. With these four types, a total of almost 75% of the test subjects can be assigned to the significant empathy profiles, whereby only in profile A there were significantly more female participants than in the other three. For the first time, we were able to create a comprehensive and selective typology for the construct of empathy, with the help of which, for example, the holistic success of empathy training or the motivations of altruistic actions can be better described
Escape from an unclear self: Escapism mediates the association that self-concept clarity has with psychological distress
No full textWe investigated whether the associations that self-concept clarity had with indicators of psychological distress were mediated by the forms of escapism referred to as self-suppression (engaging in activities in an effort to avoid unpleasant mental processes) and self-expansion (engaging in activities in order to experience growth). The indirect associations that self-concept clarity had with psychological distress through self-suppression and self-expansion were examined in college students (Study 1; N = 270), Cosplayers (Study 2; N = 45), and Furries (Study 3; N = 191). Across these three studies, self-concept clarity had very large associations with psychological distress and negative associations with self-suppression that ranged from small to large in magnitude. Further, engaging in activities for the purpose of self-suppression mediated the associations that self-concept clarity had with various indicators of psychological distress with the most consistent associations emerging for depression. In contrast, self-concept clarity did not have consistent associations with the motivation to engage in activities for the purpose of self-expansion nor did self-expansion consistently mediate the associations that self-concept clarity had with the indicators of psychological distress. These findings indicate that engaging in activities for the purpose of self-suppression may play an important role in the link between low self-concept clarity and psychological distress
Stress and adaptive coping don’t interact in predicting outcomes
No full textIn two studies, we tested the combined effects of stress, adaptive coping, and the stress x adaptive coping interaction on outcomes. In Study 1, undergraduates (N = 177) answered questions measuring daily hassles, adaptive coping, and the positive outcomes of personal-emotional, academic, and social adjustment to university. In Study 2, undergraduates (N = 120) answered questions measuring major life events, hassles, adaptive coping, and the negative outcomes of perceived stress, psychiatric symptomatology, and somatization. The complete absence of interactions between stressors and adaptive coping in both studies contradicts our hypothesized moderation of stress-based adverse outcomes by adaptive coping. Strong main effects of both daily hassles and adaptive coping were nonetheless notable for all outcomes in both studies. Theoretically, these results contradict the moderation hypothesis. In applied terms, they nonetheless indicate that adaptive coping is an especially useful personal quality for dealing effectively with stress
There are No Closets in Cyberspace: On the Role of Early Virtual Communities in Queer Identity Formation: (Vrije Rubriek)
No full textThis article discusses the role that early online newsgroups played in the identity formation of LGBT communities. It considers the term \u27identity\u27 in relation to sexual and gender minorities and outlines the contemporary history of LGBT discourse in real-life communities. In particular, this article looks at LGBT newsgroups on Usenet, one of the earliest online platforms available to the general public. Various discussion threads will be taken as examples of broader trends in LGBT identity discourse to understand the social and cultural exchange between the internet and real-life.This article discusses the role that early online newsgroups played in the identity formation of LGBT communities. It considers the term \u27identity\u27 in relation to sexual and gender minorities and outlines the contemporary history of LGBT discourse in real-life communities. In particular, this article looks at LGBT newsgroups on Usenet, one of the earliest online platforms available to the general public. Various discussion threads will be taken as examples of broader trends in LGBT identity discourse to understand the social and cultural exchange between the internet and real-life
The Subversive Contradictions of Diasporic Bodies: A Case Study of Moya Michael’s It Is Like a Finger Pointing a Way to the Moon and Milø Slayers’s DEMONstratio
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La vie cachée des archives théâtrales. Théâtre du Soleil: soixante ans de création
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Desnoods met wapens: Het indrukwekkende verhaal van Hannie Schaft, Truus en Freddie Oversteegen: (Vrije Rubriek)
No full textHannie Schaft (19), Truus (16) en Freddie (14) Oversteegen namen als een van de weinige vrouwen tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog de wapens op tegen de nazi’s. Gedreven vanuit hun idealen verleidden ze hooggeplaatste nazi-officieren, lokten hen het bos in en doodden ze. Ook brachten ze Joodse kinderen naar onderduikadressen, pleegden ze sabotage en verzamelden ze inlichtingen voor het verzet. Hannie Schaft werd vlak voor de bevrijding geëxecuteerd. Het verhaal van Hannie, Truus en Freddie inspireert vandaag de dag nog velen.Hannie Schaft (19), Truus (16) en Freddie (14) Oversteegen namen als een van de weinige vrouwen tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog de wapens op tegen de nazi’s. Gedreven vanuit hun idealen verleidden ze hooggeplaatste nazi-officieren, lokten hen het bos in en doodden ze. Ook brachten ze Joodse kinderen naar onderduikadressen, pleegden ze sabotage en verzamelden ze inlichtingen voor het verzet. Hannie Schaft werd vlak voor de bevrijding geëxecuteerd. Het verhaal van Hannie, Truus en Freddie inspireert vandaag de dag nog velen
Wildi maken een goede spise? Een notabel boecxken van cokeryen in het boekenfonds van Thomas vander Noot
No full textIn 1514 verscheen het eerste gedrukte Nederlandstalige kookboek bij boekdrukker en uitgever Thomas vander Noot te Brussel. Zijn uitgeverij voorzag in een toenemende behoefte bij een divers publiek aan praktische kennis in de Nederlandse taal. Dat roept vragen op: waarom dit kookboek in dit boekenfonds? Uit welke bronnen putte de samensteller Vander Noot? Wat was de populariteit ervan?In 1514 verscheen het eerste gedrukte Nederlandstalige kookboek bij boekdrukker en uitgever Thomas vander Noot te Brussel. Zijn uitgeverij voorzag in een toenemende behoefte bij een divers publiek aan praktische kennis in de Nederlandse taal. Dat roept vragen op: waarom dit kookboek in dit boekenfonds? Uit welke bronnen putte de samensteller Vander Noot? Wat was de populariteit ervan
Life Writing at the Terminus: Glacier Memoirs and Planetary Relationality
No full textThis essay examines the American glaciologist M Jackson’s While Glaciers Slept: Being Human in a Time of Climate Change and The Secret Lives of Glaciers; the British glaciologist Jemma Wadham’s Ice Rivers: A Story of Glaciers, Wilderness, and Humanity; and the Icelandic writer Andri Snær Magnason’s On Time and Water, all of which employ autobiographical discourse to convey the enormity of the climate crisis as it is manifested in the rapidly accelerating loss of Earth’s glacial ice. I discuss these writers’ accounts of their turn to life writing to augment the limited persuasive force scientific data, their scaling of the temporality of glacier recession to the time spans of their own lives, their attribution of sentience to glaciers through an engagement with non-Anglo-European worldviews, and their expressions of grief at the impending death of Earth’s glaciers. I suggest that these texts demonstrate how the distinctive truth claims, temporal modalities, subject-positioning strategies, and affective appeals of life narrative provide a particularly supple hermeneutic schema in which an understanding of the moral ramifications of humans’ mutually dependent relationships with more-than-human nature—what Amy J. Elias and Christian Moraru have described as ‘a planetary ethics of relationality’—might be fostered